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编辑于2023-12-01 14:03:34主谓一致
定义
谓语动词的形式必须与主语保持一致
16大考点
1,主语由and或both...and连接,谓语动词用复数(不可数名词同样) 注①:如果and连接的两个词是指同一个概念,则两个n通常共用一个冠词或限定词,把他视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数 常见可视为整体的组合:bread an butter黄油面包 bread and cheese涂奶酪的面包 a knife and fork一副刀叉 A watch and chain 系有表带的手表 A cart and horse一辆马车 A cup and saucer带茶托的茶杯 needle and thread针线 law and order法律与秩序 fish and chips鱼和土豆片 meat and potatoes肉炒土豆 (这些组合做主语,谓语动词都用单数。) 注②:由and连接的主语有every,each,no,many,more than one等修饰时,谓语动词用单数。 many a teacher=many teachers many a teacher comes on time=many teachers come on time
2,主语由肯定和否定两部分构成时,谓语和肯定的保持一致
3,并列主语由or,either...,neither...nor,not only...but also连接时,谓语动词保持就近原则
4.there be句型,谓语动词保持就近原则
5.主语后面带有as well as,rather than,like,but,except,besides, with,along with,together with,including,in addition to 等连接时,谓语动词跟随主语
6.“由some of,plenty of,a lot of,lots of,most of,the,rest of,all of,half of 分数/百分数+of+名词”等短语做主语时谓语动词和of后面的名词保持一致 注①:population表示“人口”时,谓语一般用单数,当前面出现分数或百分比时代表全体居民时,谓语可单可复。 注②:a large amount of/a large quantity of+n 谓语动词用单数 large amounts of/large quantities of+n 谓语动词用复数 规律:amount和quantity是单就用单,他们是复就用复。
7.由either,neither,each,one,the other, another,anybody,anything, something,something,,someone ,every,everybody,everyone everything ,nobody,no one,nothing等做主语时,谓语动词一般用单数 注:none做主语指代不可数名词,谓语用单数,指代可数名词,谓语可单可复
8.由a kind of,this kind of,many kind of(前三个情况看kind)名词+of+this kind以及type,sort等短语,做主语时,谓语动词和of前的n保持一致
9.表示时间,数目,距离,价格,重量等名词的复数做主语,作为一个整体时谓语动词用单数。 注:all做主语,表“一切”,谓语动词用单数 表“具体的人或事物”谓语用复数
10.表成双成套的名词,trousers, shoes,glasses,compasses,等做主语时,谓语动词用复数 注:这类单词与“a pair”连用,谓语动词和pair保持一致
11.集合名词做主语谓语动词必须用复数的有people,police,cattle,clothes,works(著作),goods,,poultry,militia,plastics, 其他集合名词class,family,team,group,government,audience,crowd,company,crew,publc等,若强调整体,谓语用单数 如强调个体,谓语用复数
12.单复数同形的名词如,sheep,deer,fish,means,works(工厂),aircraft谓语动词根据实际意义来决定
13.定冠词+adj/分词,表“一类人”的时候,动词用复数 表“一类抽象”概念时,动词用单数 常见定冠词+分词组合 the wounded/injured伤员 the killed 被杀者 the missing 失踪的人 the employed (employment名词 employee打工仔 employer老板)被雇佣者 the accused被告 the aged老年人 the living活着的人 the learned博学的人
14.单个动名词,不定式短语或从句做主语,谓语动词用单数 what i want are these books(后面有可数名词复数,动词用复数) Riding on the elephants and rowing the boats were children's favorite games (and连接两个句子或短语,后面用复数)
15.the number of+复数名词做主语,用单数 a number of+复数名词做主语,用复数 the majorcity of+复数名词作主语,用复数
16.在倒装句中,谓语动词与主语保持一致