英语语法虚拟语气思维导图

虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种形式，用于表达与实际情况相反的情况，或者表达主观愿望、建议、猜测等。

虚拟语气

• 句型1
  • if 引导的非真实情况
    • 对过去的虚拟 had done if had done, would/could/should/might have done
    • 对现在的虚拟—did/ were if did were,would/could/should/might to
    • 将来时虚拟—were to/should do if were to/should do, would/could/should/might do
• 句型2
  • 省略if得倒装
    • 在if 引导的表示虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if 省略 而将had/should/were提到主语之前
    • eg：if you had come earlier =had you come earlier
• 句型3
  • 混合虚拟语气—错综时间条件句
    • 有时条件从句住哪个的动作与主句中的动作发生的时间不一致，这时 动作形式应根据表示想 的时间加以调整
    • 情态动词+v原型
• 句型4
  • 含蓄虚拟
    • without/but for(要不是)/otherwise(否则)/or
    • would/could/should+have done
    • 不是以if 引导的出现，而是通过一些词
    • eg:But for you help,I could not succeed if had his help,i would do the experiment well. with his help, i would do the experiment well.
• 从句中的虚拟语气
  • 在表示“建议”，“命令”“要求”“忠告”时，形式为should+v原型，且should可以省略
  • advise/suggest/insist/order/require/recommend/command ask/demand/request
  • 注意：suggest/insist 不表示建议/坚持要某人做某事时，而表示“暗示，表明”“坚持认为”，宾语从句要用陈述语气 形式为：should+v原型
  • 概要
  • 在某些表示“建议”/请求/命令与主观意向的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需虚拟语气 形式为：should+v原型
  • demand/desire/requirement/advice/recommendation/suggestion /order/necessity/proposal/plan/idea
    • 概要
  • It is(was)+adj(或者过去分词)+that 形式为should+v原型
  • eg:natural/appropriate/advisable/necessary/important/urgent/possible/desirable/strange/essential
  • 概要
• wish(希望）虚拟)
  • 1.与现在相反：did/were
  • 2.与过去相反：had done
  • 3.与将来相反：would/could/might do
• It is (about/high) time+that+从句 该做……的时候了
  • 形式：did/should do
• as if(好像)/though/if only(要是…就好了)
  • 1.与现在相反：did/were
  • 2.与过去相反：had done
  • 3.与将来相反：would/could/might do
• would rather+do(宁愿做)
  • 1.对现在和将来：did
  • 2.对过去：had done