副词

副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词可分为：时间副词、频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词、表顺序的副词以及表完成的副词。

副词

• 分类Classification of Adverbs
  • 按构词法分Word formation
    • 简单副词Simpl Adverb
      • e.g.late,fast,hard,right,sharp
    • 派生副词Derivative Adverb
      • e.g.carefully,angrily,rightly,sharply
    • 复合副词Compound adverb
      • e.g.downstairs,backstage,indoors
  • 按词汇意义Semanticlly
    • 时间副词Adverb of Time
      • e.g.now,late
    • 地点副词Adverb of Place
      • e.g.here,up
    • 程度副词Adverb of Degree
      • e.g.very,so
    • 频率副词Adverb of Frequency
      • e.g.often,rarely
    • 方式副词Adverb of Manner
      • e.g.fast,easily
  • 按照句法功能Syntactically
    • 句子副词Sentence Adverb
      • e.g.maybe,honestly
    • 连接副词Conjunctive Adverb
      • e.g.however,therefore,moreover
    • 焦点副词Focus Adverb
      • e.g.only
    • 解说副词Explanatory Adverb
      • e.g.namely,for example
    • 关系副词Relative Adverb
      • e.g.as,why
    • 疑问副词Interrogative Adverb
      • e.g.how,when,what,why,where
• 基本用法Uses of Adverb
  • 副词作修饰语Adverb as Modifier
    • 修饰动词，形容词，副词，介词，连词，限定词，整个名词词组
      • e.g.They complete ignored my views.(修饰动词）
  • 副词作状语Adverb as Adverbial
    • 一是作修饰性状语（depictive adverbial/adjunct)
      • e.g.Recently they had an accident(时间状语）
    • 二是作评注性状语（stance adverbial/disjunct)
      • e.g.Frankly（坦白说），I can do nothing about it.
    • 三是作连接性状语（connective adverbial/conjunct)
      • e.g.The house is not big enough for us,and furthemore,it is too far from town.
  • 副词作定语Adverb as Attributive
    • e.g.The air here is fresh.
  • 副词作补语Adverb as Complement
    • e.g.Ask the children in.(作宾语补足语）
• 副词的位置Position of Adverbs
  • 一般副词的位置General Position of Advers
    • 时间副词（Adverb of time):可以放于句首，也可以放于句尾，有时还可以放于动词前面；
      • e.g.Recently they had an accident.
    • 地点副词（Adverb of place）：位于句尾居多
      • e.g.The porter will take your luggage upstairs.
    • 方式副词（Adverb of manner）：置于句尾居多，但有时由于修辞需要也可以置于句首；
      • e.g.They live frugally.
    • 程度副词（Adverb of degree）：程度副词一般放在被修饰的动词、形容词或副词前面。如果实义动词前有助动词和be动词，程度副词要放于其后。
      • e.g.He had an unusally deep voice.
    • 频率副词（Adverb of frequency）：通常放在行为动词前。当句中有助动词或be动词时，则放在这类动词后。
      • e.g.I often see her walk in the park.
    • 句子副词（Sentence adverb）：这一类副词通常充当评注性状语，不与它所评说的句子在结构上紧密结合，通常位于句首（间距也可位于居中或句尾），常用逗号与句子隔开。
      • e.g.Personally,I don't approve of the plan.
  • 几个副词同时出现在一个句子中Position of several Adverbs in a Sentence
    • (1)方式副词+地点副词+时间副词（或把时间副词置于句首）；
      • e.g.Last night ,Jean played the piano wonderfully at the school concert.
    • (2)在go，run，drive，move，head，leave等动作动词后面，地点副词或状语通常置于方式副词后面，因为这些动词与地点副词关系甚为密切。
      • e.g.They went to school hurriedly after breakfast.
    • (3)两个或两个以上同类的副词或副词短语一起用时，一般讲，具体的在前，笼统的在后，或小的在前，大的在后。
      • e.g.Tourists are coming to Hong Kong from all corners of the world.
    • (4)几个方式副词并列时，一般短的前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。
      • e.g.Please write slowly and carefully.