跨文化交际Communication and Culture

跨文化交际unit2 传播与文化思维导图，主要包含广角视角下的交流、文化对我们意味着什么?文化形象等。

Communication and Culture

• passage one: A Wide-Angle View of Communication
  • integral part
    • communication is our link to the rest of humanity
  • essential ingredients
    • senders and receivers
      • we play both roles
    • field of expierience
      • the storehouses of experience converge,the sharing of meaning becomes easier
    • encoding
      • encoding is the process of putting an idea into a symbol
    • messages
      • the message is the content of a communicative act
    • channels
      • human communication today is an ever-expanding,multi-channeled event
    • noise
      • noise can function as a communication barrier
    • decoding
      • assigning meaning to the symbols received
    • receiver response
      • anything the receiver does after having attended to and decode the message
    • feedback
      • three ways
        • it can be positive or negative
        • it can be immediate or delayed
        • it can be free or limited
    • effect
      • communication has some effect on the involved persons
    • context
      • affect us without our ever being aware of it
  • conclusion
    • communication is a dynamic,systematic process in which meanings are created and reflected in human interaction with symbols
• passage two: what culture means to us
  • mean
    • culture is communication and communication is culture
  • culture is everything
    • messages all bear the stamp of culture
    • culture is both teacher and textbook
    • culture is the foundation of communication
  • definition
    • they range from all-encompassing ones to narrower ones
  • conclusion
    • culture is all pervasive
• images of culture
  • examples
    • a diagram "onion"
  • figure 1 "onion" four part
    • symbols: a symbol often used to present a country is its flag
    • heroes: the liberator of a country and the founder of an organization
    • rituals: rituals often find their origins in religious traditions
    • values: values are the core of the culture
  • figure 2 iceberg
    • one ninth of the iceberg above the water is visble
    • the larger chunk underpin the practices the vision of the world,the ways of thinking and the assumptions we have.
  • communication breakdowns
    • they clash with what we believe is right because we don't have the words to articulate these value or beliefs