The mind map of Chapter5 Reading3

这是一篇关于The mind map of Chapter5 Reading3的思维导图，眼神交流可以通过眼睛传达信息。这是由持续时间，方向和质量的眼睛行为的影响。

Eye communication

• • What is eye communication？
    • The definition of eye communication
      • Eye communication can convey information through the eyes, which is influenced by the duration, direction, and quality of eye behavior.
    • Differences in eye contact between different cultures
      • Different cultures have strict but implicit regulations on eye contact time.
      • examples
        • In the United States, direct eye contact is considered honest and straightforward.
        • Japanese people feel that eye contact lacks respect and tend to have brief and infrequent eye contact.
        • In Hispanic culture, direct eye contact represents equality, so children should avoid direct eye contact when communicating with authorities.
      • suggestion
        • Understanding and adapting to eye contact habits in different cultures is crucial.
    • What role do the direction and gaze of the eyes play
      • The usual situation
        • In communication, people will alternate looking at each other's faces and shift their gaze away.
      • • When breaking these directional rules
          • This reflects changes in people's interests, self-awareness, or tension towards interaction.
      • Changes in the width of gaze
        • Research has shown that the audience stares at the speaker more than they do, and when these proportions are reversed, dialogue interactions may become awkward. Therefore, understanding and appropriately utilizing the direction and gaze quality of eye contact is crucial for effective communication.
• Eye contact functions
  • To monitor feedback
    • Eye contact allows the speaker to understand the audience's response to the content and adjust their language accordingly.
  • To secure attention
    • Eye contact can make the audience's attention more focused and increase their interest in the topic, especially when talking to multiple people.
  • To regulate the conversation
    • Eye contact helps guide conversation and prompts the other person to speak through eye movements.
  • To signal the nature of the relationship
    • Eye contact can convey a person's admiration, respect, disgust, and other positive or negative emotions towards others.
  • To signal status
    • Eye contact is used to indicate state and aggression, especially among young people, where prolonged eye contact may be considered aggressive.
  • To compensate
    • Eye contact can compensate for physical distance and overcome physical distance through psychological proximity.
• Eye avoidance
  • The definition of eye avoidance
    • Eye avoidance is a social behavior that can be seen as a "civil inattention" of respecting the privacy of others.
  • The effect of eye avoidance
    • People will choose to avoid eye contact or avert their gaze when they do not want to disturb or invade the privacy of others. This behavior may also indicate disinterest in a person, conversation, or certain visual stimuli.
  • The application of eye avoidance
    • • When facing unpleasant or uncomfortable situations, people often choose to close their eyes to avoid further stimulation, even if the discomfort is auditory.
    • • In addition, closing your eyes is sometimes used to block visual stimuli and enhance the sensitivity of other senses, such as when listening to music or engaging in intimate behavior.
• Pupil dilation
  • Why do people dilate their pupils
    • Pupil dilation has been historically used by women to enhance attractiveness, and modern research also supports this perceptual logic. Dilated pupils are considered more attractive than dilated pupils.
  • • Supporting research
      • Research has shown that photos of women with dilated pupils are perceived by men as more feminine and gentle, while photos with smaller pupils trigger negative reactions such as indifference, harshness, and selfishness.
  • The correlation between pupil size and personal interests and emotions
    • When people see things they are interested in, their pupils dilate.
  • Cosmetics Industry Booms with Modern Eye Enhancers
    • The cosmetics industry has capitalized on selling eye enhancers like eye shadow, eyeliner, fake eyelashes, and tinted contact lenses.These items function (ideally, at least) to draw attention to the powerful communicators.