Writing Steps

包含Prewriting、 writing、revision、 editing、句子等，它们构成了写作过程的基本框架。

Writing Steps

• Prewriting
  • Free writing
  • questioning
  • Making a list
  • Clustering
• writing
  • Topic sentence
    • Topic
      • ways to limit your topic
        • specific items (persons, aspects , things)
        • specific locations (places)
        • specific time periods
        • classification and catecologies
    • Thesis statement
  • Support sentence
    • restatement =explain
    • enhancement
      • reasons/ results / conditions
        • because表原因/as a result表结果/if/when表条件
    • illustrations
    • examples
    • quates
    • opinion/ fact
      • is/are/has/have
  • Oganising
    • Time / Chronological Order
    • Emphatic Order
    • Transitions
      • big (between big segments)
      • medium (between paragraphs)
      • small (between sentences)
  • Grammer-check
• revision
  • Use Parallelism
  • Use a consistent point of view
    • verbs tenses
      • Past
      • Simple=indefinite
      • Continuous
      • Perfect(past of the past----finished))
      • Perfect continuous(past of the past----unfinished)
    • pronouns
      • Point of view
        • First-person pronouns
          • I (my, mine, me)
            • We(our, us)
        • Second-person pronouns
          • you (your)
            • you(your))
        • Third-person pronouns
          • he(his, him) she(her) it(its)
            • they(their, them)
          • Any person, place, or thing, as well as indefinite pronouns, such as anyone, one, someone , and so on, is a third-person word.
  • four bases
    • Unity
      • consistency
      • verb tense
      • personal pronouns
    • Support
    • Coherence(macro-relations)
      • vs Cohesion(micro-relations)
    • Sentence skills
  • Use specific words
  • Use active verbs
  • Use concise words
    • X wordiness
  • Vary your sentences
    • Add a second complete thought (coordination)
      • FANBOYS
    • Add a dependent thought (subordination)
      • less important
    • Begin with a special opening word or phase
      • -ed
      • -ing
      • -ly
      • to
      • prepositional phrase
    • Place adjectives or verbs in series
• editing
• 句子
  • 句子成分
    • ①subject
    • ②verb
      • ①material/abstract
      • ②verbial
      • ③mental
      • ④ralational
      • ⑤exsistential
      • ⑥behavioural
    • ③object
    • ④complement
    • ⑤adverbial
      • Time
      • Place
      • Frequency
      • Manner
      • Lesson
      • Result
  • 句子分类
    • ①Simple sentence
      • one independent clause(one subject and one verb)
    • ②Compound sentence
      • joined by
        • ①a semicolon;
        • ②a coodinating conjunction
          • addition and
          • contract but, yet
          • choice or, nor
          • cause for
          • result so
        • ③a conjunctive adverb
          • ; however,
          • ; then, 句子
          • ， and then
    • ③Complex sentence
      • Two independent clauses and one independent clause
    • ④Compound and Complex sentence
• Singular
• Plural