U6 Teaching Pronunciation

这是一篇关于U6 Teaching Pronunciation的思维导图，主要内容包括：Practising stress and intonation，Approaches of Teaching Pronunciation，Steps of teaching pronunciation （围绕PPP Model），Goal of pronunciation teaching，Typ。

U6 Teaching Pronunciation

• learner factors that influence pronunciation teaching
  • similarities between L1 and L2 (positive & negative transfer正/负迁移)
  • amount of exposure to L2 (language environment)
  • age differences (Critical Period Hypothesis关键期假说)
  • innate phonetic ability (gift of language)
  • learners' native lang.
  • motivation & concern for good pronunciation
• Content of pronunciation teaching
• Goal of pronunciation teaching
  • consistency 连贯性 （English majors)
  • intelligibility 可理解性（common learners)
  • communicative efficiency 交际有效性
• Aspects of pronunciation
  • stress, rhythm, and intonation (suprasegmentals 超音段特征)
• Types of Pronunciation Practice
  • Mechanical Practice (机械性练习）: practice of the single sound or the sounds in words without context
  • Meaningful Practice: practice of meaningful passages and the passages students can easily understand.
  • ⭐to combine the two
• Steps of teaching pronunciation （围绕PPP Model）
  • • 123456 mechanical practice 78 meaningful practice
• Approaches of Teaching Pronunciation
  • perception practice 辨音训练
    • the stu.' ability to identify and distinguish between different sounds,⭐ for listening comprehension
      • use minimal pairs (最小对比对/对立体)
        • words that differ only in a single contrasting sound
      • which order
      • same or different?
      • odd one out
      • completion
  • production practice发音训练
    • stu.’ ability to produce sounds, ⭐ for effective communication
      • listen & repeat
      • fill in the blanks
      • make up sentences
      • use meaningful context
      • tongue twisters
• Practising stress and intonation
  • stress
    • use gestures
    • the voice
    • the blackboard
  • intonation
    • hand or arm movement
    • rising or falling arrows
    • draw lines
    • break down the sentences to bits (sense groups)