《英语教学法教程》：Unit 12 Teaching writing

《英语教学法教程》写作教学的内容。本书共有18章，分别介绍了英语教学的基本概念、交际教学原则与任务型教学思想、国家英语课程标准、备课与编写教案、课堂管理方法、语言知识的教学方法、听说读写四项技能的教学、综合语言技能的教学、语言教学中的德育教育、教学评价、学习者个体差异与学习策略培养、教育资源与技术的开发利用，以及教材评价与使用。每章均配有大量练习，书后附录有部分参考答案。

Teaching writing

• What,why and how do we write?
  • Writing tasks in reality
    • Letters,journals, notes, instructions,posters filling forms, answering questionnaires and so on.
  • Reasons for writing in reality
    • convey messages, keep a record of what is in our mind and so on
  • Ways to write in reality
    • Idea first before writing, write while thinking and so on
• A communicative approach to writing.
  • To engage students in some act of communication
  • students can be motivated by authentic writing tasks that have some communicative elements
• Problems in writing tasks.
  • 1.Accuracy-based, 2,practicing certain target structures, 3,lack of preparation before writing, 4,no sense of audience, 5.no sense of authenticity, 6.no independent ideas, 7.no opportunity for creative writing, 8.test-oriented
• A process approach to writing
  • Features of the process approach to writing
    • Process of writing, Their composing process, Repertoires of strategies for prewriting, drafting and rewriting, Time to write and rewrite, The process of revision, Discover what they want to say as they write, Feedback throughout the composing process, Feedback both from the instructor and peers, Individual conferences between teacher and students.
  • The main procedures
    • Creating a motivation to write; Brainstorming;Mapping;Freewriting;Outlining; Drafting;Editing;Revising;Proofreading;Conferencing
• Motivating students to write
  • Principles
    • Topics that close to students′ life; Enough room for creativity and imagination; Preparation before writing; Collaborative group writing and individual writing; Opportunity to share writings; Constructive and positive feedback; Treat students' errors strategically; Give students the sense of achievement.
• Designing writing tasks
  • Writing tasks
    • Motivating ;communicative
  • Letter writing practice
    • Communicative ; fun
• Using the internet to promote process writing
  • Advantages
    • Perfect mechanism; Send writing to everyone simultaneously; Real feeling of writing
  • Two reasons against promoting the use of email in the teaching of writing
    • Students:no opportunity to access computers Teachers:no technology for running the email list