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时间连接词 (Time Linkers)
常用词汇
When (当...时)
When we arrived in Florida, we hireda car.
Until (直到)
We waited with our friends until their bus arrived.
Before (在...之前)
Please wash your hands before you have dinner.
After (在...之后)
We will go for a walk after the rain stops.
As soon as (一...就)
As soon as he heard the news, he left the room.
While (当...期间)
My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.
语法规则
时态限制
谈论将来时,时间状语从句必须用一般现在时,严禁使用 will
We'll hire a car when we arrive in Florida.
Both ... and, either ... or (并列与选择)
Both ... and (两者都)
连接两个人、物或动作
Both my wife and I work very hard.
noun and noun+ both+verb
Mr Smart and Mrs Smart both work very hard.
both 也可位于be动词/助动词后
My wife and I were both looking forward to a rest.
Either ... or (或者...或者)
连接两个动词,表示二选一
Either phone me or send me an email.
You can either eat out or have dinner in your hotel.
In spite of / despite (尽管)
语法结构
In spite of / Despite + n./名词短语
In spite of/Despite the boring food, the hotel was excellent.
The hotel was excellent in spite of/despite the boring food.
But, although and though (转折与让步)
基本用法
连接两个不同的观点,形成对比关系,后跟“名词+动词”形式
Although/Though 比 But 语气更强
Although/Though 不能与but同时出现
But (但是)
始终用于句中
The hotel was excellent but the food was boring.
Although / Though (虽然/尽管)
句首
Although/Though the food was boring, the hotel was excellent.
句中
The hotel was excellent although/though the food was boring.
To and in order to
基本用法
解释做某事的目的
She was going to an evening class to learn Greek.
He followed her in order to see where she went.
疑问句应用
可用于回答以 Why 开头的提问
Why she went to an evening class? To learn Greek.
Why did he follow her? In order to see where she went.
So and therefore
用于引出某事的结果
so 通常位于句子中间
Orville was making a terrible noise so the receptionist called the police.
therefore 常位于新句句首,主要用于书面语
Orville was making a terrible noise. Therefore the receptionist called the police.
句式转换与对比
因果倒置结构
He didn't believe her so he followed her.
He followed her as/since/because he didn't believe her.
同义替换结构
The teachers were on strike. Therefore the school was closed.
The school was closed as/since/because the teachers were on strike.
Because (of), as and since
基本用法
用于给出某事的原因
because, as, since 均可表示原因
She said nothing because/as/since she didn't recognise him.
because of 的用法
后接名词而非句子
Claudia knew Damian because of her job.
She didn't recognise him because of the beard.
回答 Why 问句
必须使用 Because 开头,不可用 as 或 since
- Why was he there?
- Because he was waiting for his brother.