Android-American literature

大学美国文学思维导图American literature

America literature

• Colonial Age
  • Francis Higginson 弗朗西斯・希金森
    • New England′s Plantation1930 《新英格兰的工厂 》
  • Edward Taylor 爱德华·泰勒
    • A mentaphysical poet
    • The poems of Edward Taylor1961《爱德华 · 泰勒的诗》
  • John Smith 约翰 · 史密斯
    • Leader of the Jamestown colony
    • A map of Virginia 1612《弗吉尼亚的地图》
    • A Description of the Country 1616《对这个国家的描述》
  • William Bradford 威廉·布拉德福德
    • A founder and longtime governor of the Plymouth Colony settlement.
    • Of Plimmoth Plantation 1856《普里莫斯种植园》
  • John Mason 约翰 · 梅森
    • A New England commander.
    • A Brief History of the Pequot War 1677《佩科特战争简史》
  • Mary Rowlandson
    • The Narrative of the Captivity Restoration of Mrs.Mary Rowlandson 1682《玛丽 · 罗兰森夫人的囚禁恢复记述》
  • Anne Bradstreet 安妮·布莱德斯特
    • One of America′s most outstanding early writers
    • The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in American 1650《第十位缪斯女神最近在美国涌现》
  • Michael Wigglesworth 迈克尔·维格斯沃斯
    • The Day of Doom 1662《末日之日》
• Reason and revolution Age
  • Johnnathan Edwards
    • Sinners in the Hands of an Angry god 1741《在愤怒的上帝手中的罪人》
    • The Freedom of the will 1754《自由意志论》
    • The Great Christian Doctrine of Original Sin Defended 1758《伟哉原罪论辩》
    • The Nature of True Virtue 1765《真美德的本质》
    • The Personal Narrative 1765《自述》
    • The History of the Work of Redemption 1774《救赎的历史》
  • Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林
    • author
      • The symbol of America in the age of Enlightenment
      • The embodiment of the national man and the American Dream
      • One of the founding fathers of the United States of America
    • Works
      • Poor Richard Almanac 1732-1758《穷查理年鉴》
      • The Way to Wealth 1774《通往财富之路》
      • Autobiography 1771-1790《富兰克林自传》
  • Thomas Paine 托马斯·佩恩
    • Common Sense [plainness]《常识》
    • The Case of the officers of Excise 1772《税务官的案子》
    • The American Crisis 1776-1783《美国危机》
    • Public Good 1980《公益物》
  • Philip Freneau 菲利浦·弗瑞诺
    • the first American-born poet
    • works
      • The wild honey suckle《野忍冬花》
      • The Indian burying ground《印第安人之死》
      • Toa Caty-Did《致凯提·迪德》
• Romanticism Age
  • Early Romantics
    • The Fireside Poets
      • Henry Wadsworth Lonfellow 亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗
        • the first American poet to write narrative poems
        • collection of poems
          • Voices of the Night 1839《夜吟》
          • Ballads and other Poems 1842《歌谣及其他》
          • Belfry of Bruges and other Poems 1845《布鲁茨的钟楼及其他》
          • Tales of a Wayside Inn 1863《路畔旅社的故事》
        • native poems
          • Evangeline 1847《伊凡吉琳》
          • The Song of Hiawatha 1885《海华沙之歌》
          • The Courtship of Miles Standish 1858《麦尔思·斯丹狄士的求婚》
        • other books
          • The Three Books of Song 1872
          • The Divine Tragedy 1872
          • After math 1873
          • In the Harbor 1882
          • Michael Angelo 1883
        • popular poems
          • A Psalm of Life《人生礼赞》
          • The Tide Rises The Tides Falls《潮起潮落》
          • Daybreak《破晓》
          • The Slave′s Dream《奴隶的梦》
          • My Lost Young《逝去的青春》
      • William Cullen Bryant 威廉·卡伦·布莱恩特
        • features
          • nature
          • god's transcendent
        • works
          • collections of poems
            • The Fountain 1842《泉》
            • The White-footed Deer 1844《白蹄鹿》
            • A Forest Hymn 1860《森林赞美诗》
            • The Food of Years 1878《似水年华》
          • most famous poems
            • Thanatopsis 1811《死亡随想》 a nature poem in which Bryant presents his view of death
            • To a Waterfowl 1815《致水鸟》
            • translations
              • Iliad 1870《伊利亚特》
              • Odeyssey 1871《奥德赛》
    • The Fiction Writers
      • James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯·芬尼莫·库珀
        • author
          • The first successful American novelist with 32 novels.
          • views:conservative
        • works
          • Precaution 1820-first novel 《戒备 》
            • imitating Austen′s Pride and Prejudice,deals with English life
          • The Spy 1821《间谍》
          • The Pilot 1824《领航者》
          • The Leather stocking Tales 《皮袜子故事集》
            • The Pioneer《拓荒者》
            • The Last of the Mohicans《最后的莫西干人》
            • The Prairie《大草原》
            • The Pathfinder《探路者》
            • The Deerslayer《杀鹿者》
      • Washington Irving 华盛顿·欧文
        • author
          • The first American writer of imaginative literature to gain international fame
          • The father of American short stories
        • works
          • A History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty 1809《纽约外史》
          • The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon,Gent 1819-1820《见闻札记》
            • Rip Van Winkle 《瑞普·凡·温克》
            • The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 《睡谷的传说》
          • The History of the life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus 1828《哥伦布传》|《哥伦布的生平和航行史》
          • Life of Goldsmith《歌德斯密传》
          • Life of Washington《华盛顿传》
  • Transcendentalism
    • Rolph Waldo Emerson 拉尔夫·瓦尔多·爱默生
      • Nature 1836 《论自然》
        • The manifesto or the Bible of New England Transcendentalism
      • Essays
        • first series 1841 《散文选:第一集》
          • The Oversoul《论超灵》
          • Self-reliance《论自立》
          • The American Scholar《美国学者》
        • second series 1844 《散文选:第二集》
          • The Poet
          • Experience
    • Henry David Thoreau 亨利·大卫·梭罗
      • author
        • become great in the twentieth century
        • 1969,his statue was placed in the "Hall of Fame"名人堂
      • works
        • A Week on the Concord and Merrimack River 1849《在康科德及麦瑞迈克河的一周》
        • A Plea for John Brown 1849《为约翰·布朗辩护》
        • Civil Disobedience 1894《非暴力反抗》|《论公民的不服从》
        • Walden 1854《瓦尔登湖》
  • High Romantics
    • Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加·爱伦·坡
      • author
        • Father of detective story and story of horror
        • A great writer of fiction
        • A critic of insight
        • A poet of first rank
      • works
        • poems
          • The Raven《乌鸦》
          • Annabel Lee《安娜贝尔·李》
          • Sonnet-To Science《十四行诗-致科学》
          • To Helen《致海伦》
        • famous short stories
          • The Murders in the Rue Morgue《毛格街血案》
          • The Fall of the House of Usher《瓦舍古屋的倒塌》
          • The Black Cat 《黑猫》
          • The Cask of Amontillado《一桶白葡萄酒》
          • William Wilson 《威廉·威尔逊》
        • collections
          • Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque 1840《荒诞奇异的故事》
          • Tales 1845《故事集》
      • literary theory
        • The philosophy of composition《创作原理》
        • The poetic principle 《诗歌原则》
    • Walt Whitman 沃尔特·惠特曼
      • author
        • Father of modern poetry
        • Father of free verse
        • Poet of the common people
        • prophet and singer of democracy
        • a bold innovator in verse form
        • The controversial poet of the body
      • works
        • Leaves of Grass 1855《草叶集》
        • Song of Myself 《自我之歌》
        • There was a Child Went Forth《有个小孩走过来》
        • Crossing Brookly Ferry《过布鲁克林渡口》
        • Beat! Beat! Drums!《敲呀！敲呀！敲呀！》
        • Cavalry Crossing a Ford《骑兵过河》
        • O Caption! My Captain!《啊，船长！我的船长》
        • When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom′d《当紫丁香上次在庭院开放的时候》
        • Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking《走出永不休止的摇动着的摇篮》
        • I Sit and Look Out《我坐在这儿眺望着》
        • I Hear America Singing《我听见美洲在歌唱》
    • Emily Dickinson 艾米莉·狄金森
      • Because I See New-Englandly《因为我用新英格兰眼光看》
      • The Soul selects her own society《灵魂选择它自己的伙伴》
      • At last to pray is left《至少还剩下祈祷》
      • My life closed twice before its close《我的生活曾两次关门》
      • Because I could not stop for death《因为我不能等待死神》
      • I felt a funeral，in my brain《我感受了一场葬礼在脑中》
      • I heard a Fly Buzz-when I died《我死时听到了苍蝇的嗡嗡声》
      • Wild Nights-Wild Nights《狂风夜，狂风夜》
      • I′ll tell you how the sun rose《我将告诉你太阳怎样升起》
      • Death is a dialogue between《死亡是一种对话》
      • The brain is wider than the sky《大脑比天空更广阔》
      • I like to see it lap the miles《我爱看它越千里》
      • If I can stop one heart from breaking《如果我能阻止心灵破碎》
      • I died for beauty- but was scarce《我为美而死-但几乎尚未》
      • A narrow fellow in the Grass《草丛中的细长家伙》
      • This is my letter to the world《这是我写给世人的信》
    • Nathaniel Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔·霍桑
      • Collections of short stories
        • Twice-told Tales 1837《故事重述》|《故事新编》
        • Mosses from an Old Manse 1846《古屋青苔》
        • The Snow-Image and Other Twice Told Tales 1851《雪人及其它故事重述》
      • novels
        • The Scalet Letter 1850《红字》
        • The House of the Seven Gables 1851《七角楼》|《有七个尖角阁的房子》
        • The Blithedale Romance 1852《福谷传奇》
        • The Marble Faun 1860《玉石雕像》|《大理石雕像》
      • famous short stories
        • Earthy Holocaust《大地的燔祭》
        • Young Good Man Brown《好小伙子布朗》
        • The Minister′s Black Veil《教长的黑面纱》
        • The Birthmark《胎记》|《胎痣》
        • Rappaccini′s Daughter《拉普齐尼医生的女儿》
    • Herman Melville 赫尔曼·麦尔维
      • fiction
        • Typee 1846《泰比》
        • Omoo 1847《奥穆》
        • Mardi 1849《玛第》
        • Redburn 1849《莱德伯恩》
        • White Jacket 1850《白衣》
        • Moby Dick 1851《白鲸》
        • Pierre 1852《皮埃尔》
        • The Confidence-man 1857《骗子》
        • Billy Budd 1924《比利·巴德》
      • stories
        • Bartleby the Scrivener 1853《文书巴托尔比》
        • Benito Cereno 1856《贝尼托·西莱诺》
      • poem
        • Clarel: A poem and a pilgrimage 1876《克拉勒尔》
• Realism Age
  • William Dean Howells 威廉·迪恩·豪威尔斯
    • author
      • Dean of American realism
      • A critic of eminent standing and a prolific writer
      • champion of literary realism in America
    • works
      • A Modern Instance 1882《一个现代例证》
      • The Rise of Silas Lapharn1885《赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹》
      • A Hazard of New Fortunes 1889《新财富的危机》
      • Criticism and Fiction 1891《批评与小说》
  • William Sydney Porter 欧·亨利(O.Henry)
    • author
      • A master of surprise endings.
      • A procific American short-story writer
    • works
      • Collections
        • Cabbages and kings 1940《白菜和国王》
        • The Four million 1906《四百万》
        • The trimmed lamp 1907《饰边台灯》
        • The voice of the city 1908《城市之声》
        • Heart of the west 1907《西部地区的心脏》
        • The gentle grafter 1908《文雅的贪污犯》
        • Roads to destiny 1909《命运之路》
        • Strictly business 1910
        • Whirligigs 1910《生命的陀螺》
        • Sixes and sevens 1911《乱七八糟》
        • The Rolling Stone 1913《滚石》
        • Waifs and Strays 1917《流浪儿》
      • Most popular stories
        • The Cop and the Anthem《警察与赞美诗》
        • The furnished room《带家具出租的房间》
        • The gift of Magi 《麦琪的礼物》
        • The last leaf《最后一片藤叶》
  • Henry James 亨利·詹姆斯
    • A representative writer of psychological realism心理现实主义大师
    • works
      • 1865-1882 A period of international theme
        • The American《美国人》
        • Daisy Miller《黛西米勒》
        • The portrait of a lady 1881《贵妇画像》
      • 1882-1900 A period of different themes and forms
        • The Bostonians《波士顿人》
        • The Princess Casamassima《卡萨玛西玛公主》
        • The Turn of the Screw《螺丝在拧紧》
        • What Maisie Knew《梅西所知道的》
      • 1900-1916 Returning to his international theme
        • The Ambassadors《大使》
        • The Wings of the Dove《鸽翼》
        • The Golden Bowl《金碗》
      • The Art of Fiction 《小说的艺术》
        • literary criticism
  • Sherwood Anderson 舍伍德·安德森
    • One of the finest psychological fiction writers
    • works
      • Winesburg,Ohio 1919《小城畸人》
      • The Triumph of the Eggs 1921《鸡蛋的胜利》
      • Poor White 1920《穷白人》
      • Death in the Woods 1933《林中之死》
  • Local color fiction 乡土文学
    • Mark Twain 马克·吐温
      • The father of American literature.真正美国文学的开端
      • works
        • The Celebrated jumping frog Of Calaveras country 1865 《卡拉韦拉斯县驰名的跳蛙》
        • Innocents Abroad 1869《傻子出国记》
        • Roughing It 1872《艰难岁月》
        • The Gilded Age 1873《镀金时代》
        • The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 1876《汤姆索亚历险记》
        • The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1884《哈克贝恩·费恩历险记》
        • Life on the Mississippi 1883《密西西比河上》
        • A Connecticut Yankee in Arthur′s Court 1889《亚瑟王朝里的康涅狄格州美国佬》
        • The Tragedy of Pudd′nhead Wilson 1894《傻瓜威尔逊》
        • The Man That Corrupted Hardleybug 1900
        • The Mysterious Stranger 1916
    • Harriet Beecher Stowe 哈里特·比彻·斯托
      • Uncle Tom′s Cabin 1852《汤姆叔叔的小屋》
        • A great success
        • A masterpiece of abolitionist propaganda
  • Naturalism 自然主义
    • Theodore Carrie 西奥多·德莱塞
      • Sister Carrie 1900《嘉莉妹妹》
      • Jen Gerhardt 1911《珍妮姑娘》
      • An American tragedy 1925《美国悲剧》
      • Trilogy of desire 欲望三部曲
        • The financier 1912《金融家》
        • The Titan 1914《巨人》
        • The Stoic 1917《斯多葛》
    • Jack London 杰克·伦敦
      • Anaturalist writer. A spokesman for the working class.
      • works
        • The call of the wild 1903《野性的呼唤》
        • The sea wolf 1904《海狼》
        • White fang 1906《白牙》
        • Martin Eden 1909《马丁·伊登》
• Modern Literature
  • Modern poetry
    • Ezra Pound 埃兹拉·庞德
      • author
        • Father of modern American poetry
        • America's first self-conscious innovator in poetry.
        • One of the most important imagist poets and critics of his time
      • works
        • Cathay 1915《华夏》
          • A volume of Chinese translations
        • Cantos 1970《诗章》
          • Describe the death of western civilization during World War One and the resulting futility of all poetic aims.
        • Hugh Selwyn Mauberley 1920《休·塞尔温·莫伯利》
        • In the Station of the Metro
        • A Girl
    • Thomas Stearns Eliot 托马斯·斯特尔那斯·艾略特
      • poems
        • The love song of J.Alfred Prufrock 1915 《丁·艾尔弗雷德·普罗弗洛克的情歌》
        • The waste land 1922《荒原》(epic)
        • The Hollow man 1925《空心人》
        • Ash Wednesday 1930《圣灰星期三》
        • Four quarters 1943《四首四重奏》
      • plays
        • Murder in the Cathedral 1935《大教堂谋杀案》
        • Sweeney Agonistes 1932
        • The Cocktail Party 1949《鸡尾酒会》
      • Critical essays
        • The Sacred Wood 《神圣的森林》
        • Essays on style and order《关于风格和秩序的论文》
        • Elizabethan Essays《伊丽莎白时代的散文》
        • The use of poetry and the use of criticisms《诗歌和批评的运用》
        • After Strange Gods《追随陌生的神灵》
    • Robert Lee Frost 罗伯特·弗罗斯特
      • Most famous poems
        • The road not taken《未选择的路》
        • Mending Wall《修墙》
        • Stopping by woods on a snowy evening《雪夜林畔小憩》
        • Love and a question
      • Works（ Poetry）
        • A boy′s will 1913《少年的意志(心愿)》
        • North of Boston 1914《波士顿之北》
        • Mountain internal 1916《山间洼地》
        • New Hampshire 1923《新罕布什尔》
        • West-running brook 1928《西去的溪流》
        • A further range 1936《又一片牧场》
        • A witness tree 1942《见证树》
        • A Masque of reason 1945《理智的假面具》
        • A Masque of mercy 1947《慈悲的假面具》
    • Wallance Stevens 华莱士·史蒂文斯
      • 第一部诗集Harmonium 1923《簧风琴》
      • Ideals of Order 1935《秩序的概念》
      • Owl′s Clover 1936《猫头鹰的三叶草》
      • The man with the blue guitar 1937《带蓝色吉他的人》
      • Parts of a world 1942《世界的一部分》
      • The Auroras of Autumn 1950《秋天的极光》
      • Notes Toward a Supreme Fiction 1942(masterpiece)《最高级的小说笔记》
      • The Snow Man《雪人》
  • Modern fiction before1945
    • F.Scott Fitzgerald 斯科特·菲茨杰拉德
      • Spokesman of the 1920s
      • Works
        • This side of paradise 1920《人间天堂》
        • The beautiful and the damned 1922《美丽与毁灭》
        • The Great Gatsby 1925《了不起的盖茨比》
        • Tender is the night 1934《夜色温柔》
        • The Last Tycoon 1941《末代大亨》
      • collected short stories 短篇小说集
        • Flapper and philosophers1920《新潮女郎与哲学家》
        • Tales of the Jazz age 1922《爵士时代的故事》
        • All the sad young man 1926《所有悲伤的年轻人的故事》
        • Taps at Reveille 1935《清晨起床号》
      • essays 散文集
        • The Crack-Up 《崩溃》
    • Ernest Miller Hemingway 欧内斯特·米勒·海明威
      • Three stories and ten poems 1923
        • His first book
      • The sun also rises 1926 《太阳照常升起》
        • Makes him the spokesman for a lost generation.
      • A farewell arms 1929 《永别了，武器》
        • A farewell both to war and to love.
        • All relationships must end in death.
        • Death in the afternoon 1932
        • The green hills of Africa 1935
      • For whom the bell tolls 1940《战地钟声》