“虚拟语气”思维导图

只用一“图”明白虚拟语气，本导图主要介绍了虚拟语气在非真实条件句中和在其他句型中的基本用法。

虚拟语气

• 在非真实条件句中
  • 基本用法
    • 与现在事实相反
      • 过去式（be动词用were)
        • would/should/could/might+动词原形
          • If I were you,I would seize the chance.
    • 与过去事实相反
      • had+过去分词
        • would/should/could/ might+have+过去分词
          • If you had taken my advice, you wouldn't have failed.
    • 与将来事实相反
      • 1.过去式 2.were to+动词原形 3.should+动词原形
        • would/should/could/might+动词原形
          • If he should not come tomorrow,we would put off the meeting.
  • 错综时间条件句
    • 用法：在含虚拟条件状语从句的句子中，主句和从句谓语不同时 与现在、过去、将来事实相反，谓语动词要根据需要做相应的调整
      • If you had just followed my advice,you would be better now.
  • if在虚拟条件句中的省略
    • 用法:在虚拟条件状语从句中，可将were,had,should提到主语前面，将if省略
      • If I were at school again,I would study harder. Were I at school again,I would study harder.
  • 含蓄条件句
    • 用法：不含条件表示词if但其深层结构表达条件概念的句子统称为含蓄条件句
      • 标志词：without, with, but for, otherwise, or, in case of 等
        • Without your help, we couldn't have finished the work ahead of time.=But for your help, we couldn't have finished the work ahead of time.
• 在其他句型中
  • wish、if only、as if后的从句中
    • 从句谓语动词先于主句谓语动词发生
      • 过去式（be 动词用were)
        • How I wish I were a bird.(=If only I were a bird.)
    • 从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词同时发生
      • had+过去分词
        • How I wish I had seen the film yesterday!
    • 从句谓语动词后于主句谓语动词发生
      • would/could+动词原形
        • He learns English very hard as if he would go to the U.S.A.
  • 主句含“命令、建议、请求或要求”的名词性从句
    • "一”坚持 insist "二”命令 order,command "三”要求request,require,demand "四”建议suggest,advise,propose,recommend
      • insist当“坚持说”，不用虚拟语气；当“坚持要求”，用虚拟语气
      • should+动词原形，should可以省略
  • would rather 后的宾语从句中
    • would rather+动词原形；would rather+句子（虚拟语气）
    • 对现在或将来的虚拟
      • 过去式（be用were)
        • I'd rather they didn't hear of the news.
    • 对过去的虚拟
      • had+过去分词
        • I'd rather I had not told him the bad news.
  • 在“It is（about/high) time that 从句”中，that从句谓语动词用过去式形式或"should+动词原形“形式，且should不能省略
• 例句
• 主句谓语形式
• 从句谓语形式