英语倒装句思维导图

这是一篇关于英语倒装句思维导图，包括英语句型的显著特点、全部倒装(Full lnversion)、部分倒装(Partial lnversion)三部分内容。

倒装句

• 英语句型的显著特点
  • 一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序 (Natural Order) We are studing in the classroom.
  • 二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序 (Inverted Order) Did you go to school by bus?
• 全部倒装 (Full Inversion)
  • 定义：是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。
  • 1. There be (的各种形式)+主语(+地点或时间状语) There are birds singing in the tree. 鸟儿在树上唱歌。
  • 2. 表示时间、地点、位置改变的副词位于句首，且主语是名词时。 (副词+谓语动词vi.+名词主语+……) (1) In came a teacher. (2) Here comes the bus. (3) Now comes your turn.
  • 3. 表地点的介词短语位于句首，谓语动词为vi. 时。Through the window came a terrible smell.
  • 4. 过去分词或现在分词+be的各种形式+主语+…… (1) Lying in bed was a sick boy. (2) Among the boys was a teacher.
• 部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
  • 定义：指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前, 而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
  • 1. only +状语(adv./prep. 短语)或状语从句置于句首时，用部分倒装。 (1) Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只是到那时我才意识到我错了。 (2) Only in this way can you improve your English. 只有这样你才能提高英语水平。 (3) Only when he is free does he come to see me. 只有当他空闲时才来看我。
  • 2. 含有否定意义的词 never, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, by no means (决不)等置于句首时。 (1) Seldom does he go to church on sundays. 星期天他很少去教堂做礼拜。 (2) By no means shall/will I go there again. 我决不会再去那儿了。
  • 3. 在as引导的让步状语从句中(名词／形容词/副词／动词+as+主谓结构)。 (1) Child as he is, he knows more than you. 虽然他是孩子，但他懂的比你多。 (2) Tired as he was, he continued the work. 虽然他累了，但他继续工作。 (3) Much as I like it, I will not buy it. 虽然我很喜欢这东西，但我不想买它。 (4) Try as they may, they will not succeed. 尽管他们很努力，但不会成功。
  • 4. 虚拟语气的条件状语从句省去 if时，须将were，had，should提到句首构成倒装句。 (1) Were I in school again, I would work harder. 如果我重新回到学校，我会加倍努力学习。= (If I were in school again, …) (2) Had you not helped me, I wouldn’t have succeeded. 若不是你帮我，我不会成功。= (If you had not helped me, …) (3) Should it rain tomorrow, the crops would be saved. 如果明天下雨，庄稼会得救的。= (If it should rain tomorrow, …)
  • 5. 当not only…but also, no sooner… than, hardly… when等连词置于句首时。 (1) Not only did he come, but also he brought us good news. 他不但来了，而且给我们带来了好消息。 (2) Hardly had she begun speaking when there was a knock on the door. 她刚一开始说话就听到敲门声。 (3) No sooner had he returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. 他一回来就买了一幢漂亮的房子并住了进去。
  • 6. So / Such ...that 句型中，so+adj./adv. 位在句首；such+(adj.)+n. 位于句首时。 (1) So handsome is Jack that everyone likes him. 杰克如此英俊，以至于每个人都喜欢他。 (2) Such a handsome man is Jack that everyone likes him. 杰克是个如此英俊的男人，每个人都喜欢他。