How to Write the Materials and

思维导图，主要从purpose、materials、methods、headings、measurements and analysis 、need for reerences、tables and figures、correct form and grammar几个方面作了阐述。

How to Write the Materials and Methods

• PURPOSE
  • must give the full details.
  • Past tense
  • Describe the experimental design and then provide enough details.
  • Provinding information that will let readers judge the appropriateness of the experomental methods and that will permit assessment of the extent to which the result can be generalized.
  • Careful writing of this section is critically important because the cornerstone of the scientific merit.
  • Reproducible
• MATERIALS
  • Include the exact technical specifications and quantities and source or method of preparation.
    • use of generic or chemical names is usually preferred
    • avoid the use of trade names
    • list pertinent chemical and physical properties of the reagents used
  • Experimental animals, plants, and micro-organisms should be identified accurately, usually by genus, species, and strain designations
• METHODS
  • For methods the usual order of presentation is chronological
  • related methods should be described together
  • straight chronological order cannot always be followed
• HEADINGS
  • subheadings
    • look at analogous papers in your target journal
• MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS
  • Questions such as “how” and “how much” should be precisely answered by the author
  • Statistical analyses are often necessary
  • your paper should emphasize the data, not the statistics
  • a lengthy description of statistical methods
  • Ordinary statistical methods g rally should be used without comment
  • advanced or unusual methods may require a literature citation
• NEED FOR REFERENCES
  • you should give (or direct readers to) sufficient details so that a competent worker could repeat the experiments.
  • If your method is new (unpublished), you must provide all of the needed detail.
  • If the method has been published in a journal, the lite reference should be given.
  • For a method well known to readers, only the l ature reference is needed.
  • For a method with which readers might not be f liar, a few words of description tend to be worth adding
• TABLES AND FIGURES
  • The properties of multiple chemical compounds can also be presented in tabular form
  • Tables can be used for other such types of information.
  • included in a table footnote or figure legend if the journal allows.
  • Figures also can aid in presenting methods.
• CORRECT FORM AND GRAMMAR
  • Do not make the common error of including some of the results in this section
  • exact and specific items are being dealt with and precise use of English is a must
  • Authors often are advised to minimize use of passive voice, passive voice often can validly be used
  • usually gives short, discrete bits of information
  • details essential to the meaning may then be omitted.
  • always watch for spelling errors