导图社区 时态语态 非谓语动词 虚拟语气
英语语法之时态语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气知识总结,内容相对还是比较喜欢详细的,非常实用,值得收藏。
编辑于2022-01-17 17:09:12时态语态 非谓语动词 虚拟语气
时态和语态
时态
一般现在时
定义:无时限或现在的动作或状态
构成:动词原形;主语是单三,用动词的单三形式
一般过去时
定义:表过去的动作或状态
构成:过去式
一般将来时
定义:表将要发生的功作或状态
构成: 1.will(shall)+动词原形 2.am/ti/are+going+to+动词原形 3.am/ is/are+不定式 4.am/is /are+about+动词不定式 5.现在进行时,一般现在时表一般将来时
过去将来时
定义:表在过去时间内将要发生的事情
构成:请修考一般将来时
现在进行时
定义:现在正在进行的动作
构成:am/is/are+现在分词
过去进行时
定义:表过去正在进行的动作
构成:was/were+现在分词
将来进行时
定义:将来某一时间正在进行的动作
构成:will(shall)be+现在分词
现在完成时
定义: 1.动作发生在过去,对现在有影响 2.动作发生在过去,一直持续到现在
构成;have/has+过去分词
过去完成时
定义:过去的过去
构成:had+过去分司
将来完成时
定义:到将来某个时刻为止已经完成的动作
构成:will(shall)have+过去分词
现在完成进行时
定义:强调从过去到现在一直在进行的动作
构成:have/has been+现在分词
过去完成进行时
定义:过去的过去在一直进行的功作
构成:bad been+现在分词
语态
被动语态
基本构成:be+过去分词(情态动词+be+过去分语)
一般现在时
I'm given a book.
am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时
The hike was bought yesterday.
was/were+过去分
一般将来时
The wouk will bs finished next week.
will/be+过去分词
过去将来时
He said he would be invissd to the dinne.
would be+过去分词
现在进行时
The building is being buill now.
am/is/are+being+过去分词
过去进行时
What was being done when phoned you?
was/were+being+过去分词
现在完成时
The hospital has been built.
have/has been+过去分词
过去完成时
When I came in,the bookcase had been made.
had been+过去分词
非谓语动词
动词不定式
构成
句法功能
主语
It took tus three hours to complete the experiment
表语
Our difficulty is where to get enough food.
宾语
They reftused to accept my sugeestion.
补足语
They didn't allow us to nark the car here.
定语
His attempt to solve the difficult problem failed again.
状语
The girl jumped with joy to bear the news.
动名词
构成
句法功能
主语
swimming has its own laws.
表语
My favourite summer sport is swimming.
宾语
How about soing to the movie theatre?
定语
These passages may be used as listening materials.
分词
构成
句法功能
表语
1.The news is interesting.
2.You will be intcrestecd in the news.
定语
1.He often helps his working wife at home.
2.This is the lab set up by the students themselves
补足语
1.Iheard him singing in the next room.
2They founfd the room stolen.
状语
1.Not knowing her address.I can't visit her.
2.Given beter attention,the trees could grow better.
虚拟语气
语气分类
陈述语气
虚拟语气
祈使语气
一般形式的虚拟语气
在条件状语从句中
和现在事实相反 If I were you,I would listen to his advice.
和过去事实相反 If we had had erough money.we would have bought the house.
挡来的事情可能性极小或者不可能发生If you should fall,you would be ijured.
在名词性从句中
主请从句It's suggested that he(Should)axeept the job.
宾语从句He insisted the meeting(should)be put of.
同位语从句He gave orders that the guests(should)be well entertained.
表语从句 His suggestion is that we(should)get rid of the habit.
特殊形式的虚拟语气
wish
1.I wish I were a millionaire now and the daughter of the president of the USA.
2.I wish she had stayed with me the day before yesterday.
3.I wish I would know about the novel written by the young author.
It's(high time)和would rather 句型
|1. It's high time we enjoyed the beautiful scenery in the mountainous area.
2.I would rather he didn't meet the diffeulty in finding the job.
5.I would rather you had pre-booked all your accommodation.
if only
1.If only he were my own son.
2.If only we had used hotel codes indicated in the instruction.
3.If only my son would meet a boom in the ecomomy next year.
as if
1.She talks as if she knew all about the accidenl.
2.He behaved as if nothing hed happened last night.
3.She talks about it again and seain as if she would never end.
情态动词
1. I soould have told you the truth the moment I met you yesterday.
2. It's not far away from the school, so we needn't have taken a taxi.
3.I didn't hear your phome.I must have been asleep then.
4. He can't have read the book at the moment.
5. Can he have wrieten the poem when he was young?
6. He could have made the best of poem.
7. It was very late then.I thought he may have gone to bed.
8. He might have given you more help , even though he was very busy at that time.
9. If I were you.I would have accepted the joh.
混合虚拟语气
主从时间不一致 If I were you, I would have taken his advice yesterday.
真实语气和虚拟语气混用 He felt tired very much yesterday,or he would have attended the party.
含蓄虑拟话气 But for(=Without)your help,I would have failed to fnish the work on time.
某些表达个人看法的形容词用在主语从句中 It's natural that he(should)change his mind