基尔霍夫定律 电路原理专业英语

基尔霍夫定律 电路原理专业英语思维导图，包括Kirchhoff's Current Laws (KCL)、Kirchhoff's Current Laws (KVL)、词汇、词汇概念、翻译技巧五个板块。

1.3 Kirchhoff's Laws

• KCL, KVL and characteristics of elements are the basis of circuit analysis.
• Kirchhoff's Current Laws (KCL)
  • The algebraic sum代数和 of all the current entering (or leaving) a node is zero, or the sum of all the currents entering a node must equal the sum of all the currents leaving the node.
  • KCL equation in mathematical form：
    • sigema ik, k from one to n is zero.
  • Note: marking assumption(假定)
    • Generally we assume that if the current is entering the node, its sign is "+(plus)", if leaving, then "-(minus)".
  • KCL holds to supernode too.KCL对超级节点同样适用
    • KCL can extend to（扩展到） the appllication in any closed surface闭合面(supernode超级结点) in a circuit, that is, the algebraic sum of currents entering or leaving a closed surface (supernode) is zero.
  • This law represents a mathematical statement数学描述 of the fact that charge cannot accumulate积累 at a node. A node is not a circuit element and it certainly cannot store, destroy or generate charge.
  • 例句表达
    • We are required to find or determine the current i1 and current i2 in this circuit.
    • Solution: We apply KCL to find/determine the current i1 and i2.
    • First, we will list the corresponding KCL equation for the left node which is minus four plus seven plus i1 is zero. Solving this equation, we can get i1 which equals to minus three amperes.
• Kirchhoff's Current Laws (KVL)
  • The algebraic sum of the voltages around沿着 any loop in a circuit is zero.
  • Firstly, we need to assume the loop direction: clokwise顺时针 or counterclockwise逆时针
  • equation：
  • KVL holds to any loop in space.
    •  for loop1 in space: +V1+V2-Vab=0
    • KVL can extend to the application in loop in space. In any circuit, the algebraic sum of the voltage around any loop in space is zero.
  • If the reference direction of a voltage has the same direction as that of the loop, the sign of this voltage in the KVL equations is "+", otherwise（be opposite to the direction）, its sign is "_"
  • teacher's secret means
    • 1. 2. 利用矢量相加的样貌，但依然按照标量运算
• 词汇
  • 表明：state
  • 我们要：we are required to do...
  • 求解：find/ determind
  • 应用：apply
  • 相应的：corresponding
  • 重合：coincide
• 词汇概念
  • Branch支路：composed of a two-terminal element(外国定义)
    • 国内定义：一条电流
  • node结点： A point at which two or more elements have in common(外国定义)
    • 国内定义：三支路交点
      •  共两个结点
  • Path（路径）
  • Loop（回路）: closed path
  • Mesh（网孔）: a loop without any other loops inside it
  • Lumped-parameter network(集总参数网络/电路)
  • Disributed-parameter network(分布参数网路/电路)
• 翻译技巧
  • 遵守约定俗成的原则
    • 约定俗成的译名不应该轻易改动
  • 尽量使用意译法-正确表达事务含义
    • dustoff 战地救护直升机
  • 注意专业术语译名前后的统一性
    • 同一文章中用同一译名
  • 应该选用最新版本的词典作为参考