学术英语

这是一篇关于学术英语的思维导图。包含the title;abstract;introduction;method。

Academic English

The title

Declarative title

Noun phrase title

Question sentence title

Abstract

信息型：Not more than 10% of full text

描述型：About 200 words

Include

purpose

method

results

conclusion

Medical journal abstracts should be more rigorous and formatted

Introduction

purpose

Provide background information and the need to conduct research

Include

the background nature and scope of the issue being studied

clear definitions of key terms involved in the study

theoretical foundations for the study

objectives of the present study

significance and necessity of the study

a brief literature review and comment on the previousstudies

outline of the paper

compose

field of study

Previous research

Inadequacies and limitations of previous research

Method

constitute

Design in Research

Paragraph on sampling of experimental samples

Paragraphs on materials required

The paragraph on the experimental process

Paragraphs about the experimental data obtained

steps

The experiment purpose

State assumptions and models for the methods used in the experiment

Explain basic methods and theories

To clarify the model used

Results

compose

The overall process of this experiment is described in detail

Present the data for this experiment

General description

type

Multiple results

A result is given first, and after the previous result is explained, the next result is given, and so on

Few results (1-2)

Only for new findings in this experiment, the conclusions are left in the discussion section

sentence pattern

The result is a declarative sentence pattern, which is simple and clear

Use the passive voice and past tense more

Data presentation

Line chart

Clearly manifest data gaps

Pie chart

Clearly show the proportion

bar chart

Clearly how much the performance is

...

Discussion

objective

Explain the facts from the experiment and their relationship

Combined with the experimental data, the conclusions and significance are further explained

steps

Review and summarize key outcomes

List potential limitations

Whether the comparison results are consistent with the previous judgment

Research results and make new research direction

noun phrase

interpretation

Is the most important structure in academic articles, because accounts for two-thirds of most

constitute

Based on a noun structure, called the head noun

structure

single noun with or without a determiner

determiner + adjective/noun + headnoun

determiner + noun + prepositional phrase

a pronoun is also a noun phrase

noun phrase contaning relative clauses

function

Can use to help understand the noun phrases

Citation

Summary

language

clear brief different word，but same technical words

content

only main idea

length

shorter

paraphrase

language

clear accurate different word，but same technical words

content

all ideas and information

length

same length

Pay attention to reporting verbs

statment focus

author focus

quotation

language

identical

content

identical

length

identical