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新概念英语2册句法图谱，整理自田静老师的课程，未完成，持续更新中...希望对大家有所帮助～
编辑于2022-08-10 09:56:59- 田静
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新概念英语2句法
按照结构划分
简单句
简单句的核心
核心的构成
主谓
L1
主谓宾
L1
主谓双宾
L3
主谓宾补
L4
主系表
L1
核心的变化
谓语动词的变化
时态
一般时态
一般过去时
L3
一般现在时
L2
一般将来时
L12
过去将来一般时（小众）
L7
进行时态
过去进行时
L7
现在进行时
L2
将来进行时
L13
完成时态
过去完成时
L7、9、14
现在完成时
L4、5、29
将来完成时
L37
完成进行时态
过去完成进行时
L62
现在完成进行时
L52、53
将来完成进行时
L61
情态
must/have to
L17
may/might/can/could
L19
need
L41
should/ought to
L65、89
语态（被动语态）
被动语态与时态相结合
L10、34
被动语态与情态相结合
L21、45
双宾语动词的被动
L58
主宾表语的变化
doing
doing作主语
L20
doing作介词后的宾语
L20
doing作动词后的宾语
L44、68
to do
to do作主语
L31
to do作动词后的宾语
L44
简单句的扩展
词性角度的扩展
限定词
名词所有格
L10
冠词
L6、30
形容词/副词
形容词/副词的作用
L8
形容词/副词的三种比较级别
原级比较
L32、80
比较级
L8、32、56
最高级
L8、32、56、80
介词短语
表示时间的介词
L9
表示地点的介词
L33
其他介词
L22、46、70
成分角度的扩展
同位语、插入语
L4、43
非谓语动词
非谓语动词作定语
L21
非谓语动词作状语
L49
并列句
L25
复合句
主句+从句
名词性从句
宾语从句
动词后的宾语从句
L26
介词后的宾语从句
L46
表语从句
L29
主语从句
L43、51、58
同位语从句
L46
定语从句
限定性定语从句
L28
非限定性定语从句
L36
状语从句L95
时间状语从句
L35
地点状语从句
原因状语从句
结果状语从句
L30、35
目的状语从句
L59
条件状语从句
L16
让步状语从句
L38
比较状语从句
L36、80
方式状语从句
L63
按照用途划分
常用用途句式
陈述句
L1
疑问句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
选择疑问句
反义疑问句
L68
祈使句
L66
感叹句
L2
特殊用途句式
倒装
全部倒装
L36
部分倒装
L79
强调
L58
虚拟
if条件状语从句的虚拟
L40、64、88
宾语从句的虚拟
L64
情态动词的虚拟
L41、65、89
主题
新概念英语2句法
按照结构划分
简单句（陈述句）
概念
描述一件事
简单句的核心
核心的构成
主谓（n.+vi.不及物）
L1
例句
Bird flys.
They meet.
主（动作的发出者）谓（vt.及物）宾（动作的承受者）
L1
例句
I love you.
主谓双宾
L3
结构
双宾语=人（间接宾语）+物（直接宾语）
例句
She gave me a book.
She gave a book to me.
双宾语=物（直接宾语）+to（表示动作对什么人做）/ for（表示动作为了什么人而做）+人（间接宾语）
例句
I cooked him a meal.
I cooked a meal for him.
例句
I tell you a secret.
主谓宾补
L4
例句
I find you interesting.
主系表
L1
例句
You are beautiful.
The play was veyy interesting.
I got very angry.
系动词包括
be动词（单独出现）
get/become/turn/go/grow 变得
look/sound/smell/taste/eel 感官动词
核心的变化
谓语动词的变化
时态
什么是时态？
从时间和状态两个维度来描述一个动作
时态如何体现？
谓语动词的变化来体现时态
一般时态
过去一般时
L3
V.过去式 (did)
用法
过去发生而现在已经结束。
例句
Last summer I went to Italy.
Mary and I talked about your book hours ago.
They had a meeting yesterday.
Tom was a student when he was ten years old.
变否定疑问
be动词
例句
You were happy.
You were not happy.
Were you happy?
实意动词
例句
They had a meeting.
They did not have a meeting.
Did they have a meeting?
现在一般时
L2
谓语v=原型、第三人称单数（do/does）
何时使用第三人称单数？
主语为he、she、it时
主语为可数名词单数
主语为不可数名词
用法
表示现在经常性习惯性的动作
例句
We have English class every day.
I never get up early on Sundays.
I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
He often gets up late.
搭配频度副词
always, usually, frequently(经常地，频繁地),often, sometimes, seldom(不常，很少),rarely(罕有，很少),hardly(几乎不),never…
表示现在的状态
例句
I am a teacher.
We are happy together.
It's one o'clock.
表示永恒（客观真理、科学事实、名言警句）
例句
The earth is round.
The earth moves around the sun.
Practice makes perfect.
I love you.
变否定疑问
be动词
例句
He is happy.
He is not happy.
Is he happy?
How is he?
动词原型
例句
You like English.
You do not like English.
Do you like English?
What do you like?
第三人称单数
例句
He likes English.
He does not like English.
Does he like English?
What does he like?
将来一般时
L12
I/We + shall+do
will+do
be(am/is/are) going to+do
用法
现在的将来
例句
I will study abroad.
I am going to study abroad.
He will be a teacher.
He is going to be a teacher.
变否定疑问
He will not be a teacher.
Will he be a teacher?
He is not going to be a teacher.
Is he going to be a teacher?
过去将来一般时（小众）
L7
would do
was/were going to do
用法
过去的将来
例句
He said that he would travel abroad next year.
He said that he was going to travel abroad next year.
进行时态
过去进行时
L7
was/were+doing
常搭配
when/while/as(当...时)
例句
While/When/As two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel.
Two detectives were keeping guard at the door, When two others opened the parcel.
While/When/As they were sleeping, a thief sneaked in.
When a thief sneaked in,they were sleeping.
They were sleeping,When a thief sneaked in.
He was reading a book,when/while/as his wife was cleaning the house.
用法
例句
She was reading a book at 11:00 last night.
变否定疑问
例句
She was not reading a book at 11:00 last night.
Was she reading a book …?
现在进行时
L2
谓语v.=am/is/are+doing
用法
表示现在正在进行的事
例句
I am having breakfast now.
狭义：动作与说话是同时进行的。
J.K. Rowling is writing another book this year.
广义：现阶段在做。
表示将来确定要发生的事，这件事正在做并且会延续到将来。
例句
I am coming to see you.
We are arriving at xizhimen.
The old man is dying.
变否定疑问
例句
He is listening.
He is not listening.
Is he listening?
What is he doing?
将来进行时
L13
will be doing
I/We + shall be doing
用法
将来某时正在进行，确定要在将来发生
例句
They will be waiting here at 10:00 tomorrow.
变否定疑问
例句
They will be coming by train.
They will not be coming by train.
Will they be coming by train?
完成时态
过去完成时
L7、9、14
had+done
用法
过去的之前，与一般过去时搭配使用
例句
When he got there,she was not there. She had left.
He finished work.
He went home.
After he finished work,he went home.
After he had finished work,he went home.
He finished lunch. He asked for a glass of water.(when)
When he finished lunch, He asked for a glass of water.
When he had finished lunch, He asked for a glass of water.
The sun set.We returned to our hotel.(as soon as)
As soon as the sun had set , We returned to our hotel.
变否定疑问
例句
She had left.
She had not left.
Had she left?
What had she done?
现在完成时
L4、5、29
have/has+done
常搭配
just/already(也可以放句尾)/ever/never(放实意动词前)
yet(否定句、疑问句，常在句尾)
so far(到目前为止)/up to now/before/lately
for+一段时间
since+时间
用法（站在当前的视角往之前看）
现在全部完成
例句
He has finished the homework.
现在部分完成
例句
We have learned English for ten years.
变否定疑问
例句
He has finished the homework.
He has not finished the homework.
Has he finished the homework?
What has he done?
将来完成时
L37
完成进行时态
过去完成进行时
L62
现在完成进行时
L52、53
将来完成进行时
L61
情态
用法
情态动词+V原型
无人称变化
只有现在时、过去式
变否定疑问
情态动词具有单一性，一个句子只能有一个情态动词
must/have to
L17
must
用法
表示有把握的推测，肯定，一定
例句
She is 35 years old.
She must be 35 years old.
He looks pale. He must be ill.
You must be the new teacher.
They must be waiting for you.
推测现在正在做
It must have raind last night.
推测过去
She must have cried just now.
表示不可不免的义务，必须（have to）
must无时态变化
例句
I must do it now.
You must do it tomorrow.
have to 有各种时态
例句
I have to do it now.
She has to do it now.
You will have to do it tomorrow.
They had to do it yesterday.
may/might/can/could
L19
may
用法
表示推测，可能
例句
The play may begin at any moment
It may have begun already.
请求，允许，可以吗？
例句
May I have two tickets please?
只能用于may I...
A: May I come in?
B: You may come in and have something to drink.
may与might的区别
may表示现在，might表示过去
might可以表示现在，比may更委婉
can
用法
表示能力，能够
例句
Trust yourself! You can do it.
请求允许，可以吗？允许
例句
A: Can I help you? / What can I do for you?
B: You can help me to find my size.
Can I return these two tickets?
推测（常用于否定），不可能
例句
He is abroad. It can’t be him.
can与could的区别
can表示现在，could表示过去
can可以表示现在，比could更委婉
例句
A: Could I have those two tickets please?
B: Certainly
need
L41
should/ought to
L65、89
语态（被动语态）
be done
be
被动的时间
主语的单复数
done
被动的动作
例句
Classrooms are cleaned (clean) every day.
A new building was built (build) last year.
主动语态与被动语态切换
宾语提前，动词变被动，时态依然是原来的时态
例句
主动
He will repair your watch.
强调who
被动
Your watch wil be repaird by him.
强调what
主动
They must test this new car.
被动
This new car must be test by them.
主动
I can't find my bag , Someone has stolen it.
被动
I can't find my bag , It has been stolen.
被动语态与时态相结合
L10、34
一般现在时
例句
He is beaten every day.
一般过去时
例句
He was beaten yesterday.
一般将来时
例句
He will be beaten tomorrow.
现在进行时
am/is/are being done
例句
He is being beaten now.
People are being influenced by advertisements.
现在完成时
have/has been done
例句
He has been beaten.
A new machine has been invented.
被动语态与情态相结合
L21、45
情态动词+be done
例句
The letter must be sent immediately.
The weather can not be controlled by people.
难点
must have been done
强调过去被动
例句
My cell phone must have been stolen.
双宾语动词的被动
L58
否定形式
注意
一个谓语动词不一定是一个单词
例句
They were talking loudly.
It was bought by my gandfather.
I could not hear the actors.
I did not enjoy it.
主宾表语的变化
doing
doing作主语
L20
例句
Fishing is my favourite sport.
Playing basketball with my friends every Sunday is my favourite sport.
doing作介词后的宾语
L20
例句
I often fish for hours without catching anything.
He sat there without saying anything.
Befre leaving the room, he turned off the radio.
After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.
介词+having done , 强调之前
I must apologize for interupting you.
I must apologize for having interupted you.
doing作动词后的宾语
L44、68
to do
to do作主语
L31
例句
It was his job to repair bicycles
it只是形式的主语，to do才是真正的主语
To repair bicycles was his job.
It is my dream to travel around the world.
To travel around the world is my dream.
It is very important to study English.
It is necessary for us to think about the future.
It is my honor to be here.
to do作动词后的宾语
L44
简单句的扩展
词性角度的扩展
限定词
名词所有格
L10
's
例句
Lily's book
students' book
James' book
James's book
都可以
the Workers' Club
the children' s toys
twenty minutes' time
of
例句
the door of the room
the use of data
双重（名词）所有格
a friend of my father' s
冠词
L6、30
定冠词the
用法
明确的对象
例句
I want the apple in your hand.
The air pollution of Beijing must be solved at once.
再次提到的对象
例句
I saw a dog in Bridge Street yesterday.The dog was really cute.
海洋、河流、山脉和部分国名前
例句
the Atlantic
the Yellow River
the Alps
the United States
注意：Ameica前不加the
不定冠词a/an
用法
不明确的对象
例句
I want an apple.
首次提到的对象
例句
I saw a dog in Bridge Street yesterday.
接可数名词单数
some接不可数名词，可数名词复数。
零冠词
用法
可数名词的复数
专有名词
人名、地名前
例句
air pollution is a serious problem.
形容词/副词
形容词/副词的作用
L8
形容词（adj.）的作用
修饰名词
例句
This is a wonderful world.
We are living in a beautiful new house in the country.
作表语
例句
Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable.
副词（adv.）的作用
修饰动词
例句
Roy acted quickly.
修饰句子
例句
Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball.
修饰形容词
例句
It rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.
修饰副词
例句
The students from elite universities catch up very quickly.
形容词/副词的三种比较级别
原级比较
L32、80
as+比较的内容（adj.adv.原形）+as+比较的对象
例句
I am as tall as you.
He works as hard as before.
I will do it as quickly as possible.
Her mother is as beautiful as before.
Her mother is as beautiful as she was.
Her mother is as beautiful as she used to be.
I will do it as quickly as I can.
You are as clever as I think.
The problem was not as complicated as we thought.
not + as/so + adj./adv.原形（比较的内容） + as ＋比较的对象
例句
People are not so honest as before.
People are not as honest as they were.
Travelling was not as easy as today.
Travelling was not as easy as it is today.
比较级
L8、32、56
adj./adv.的比较级+（than比较的对象）
用于两者之间的比较
例句
I am taller than you.
Air tickets are more expensive than train tickets.
Sometimes machines can perform much better than human beings.
最高级
L8、32、56、80
adj./adv.的最高级+（介词短语表示比较的范围）
用于三者或三者以上的比较
例句
My younger sister is the tallest one in her class.
在一个空间范围内用in
My younger sister is the tallest one of all the students.
在一个比较对象范围内用of
The most serious problem of the project is the lack of power.
介词短语
介词（prep.）
prep.+宾语
prep.+名词/代词/动名词
单独形成短语
vi.+prep.
作用
接词，介词短语是句子的补充
表示时间的介词
L9
in
在...之内（大于1天）
年、月、季节
例句
in 1992/January/summer
特例：表示一天中的某段时间，上午、下午、晚上
例句
in the morning
in the afternoon
in the evening
特例：搭配将来时态时，in表示在某段时间之后
例句
in twenty minutes' time
Please wait a moment here,Jack will be back in a few minutes.
on
某天
例句
on Monday
on July 7th
on Wednesday evening21
on the morning of July 7th.
at
时间点(小于1天)
例句
at 8 o'clock
at midnight
at noon
before
例句
They got news the day before yesterday.
after
例句
I will come back here after ten o'clock.
since
例句
Since then , Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusuall places.
untill
例句
I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
during
例句
It rained heavily during the night.
for
例句
He has been there for six months.
by
例句
Workers will have completeed the new roads by the end of this year.
from...till/to...
例句
The shops are open from 9 till/to 5.
表示地点的介词
L33
from
从...来
例句
set out from the coast
He is in Shanghai, and he will fly from Shanghai to Beijing.
to
去
例句
swam to the shore
towards
去
例句
towards the light she had seen
for
目的
例句
set out for the village
into
进入
例句
jumped into the sea
Please come into the classroom and join us.
out of
出来
例句
out of darkness
Don’t throw the rubbish out of the window.
at
地点（点）
例句
arriving at the shore
It is impolite to point at people.
on
在...上面（面）
例句
on the cliff
She hopes that she will stand on the top of the highest mountain some day.
in
在...里（体）
例句
in a small boat / in a storm / in hospital
I put the laptop in your bag.
其他介词
L22、46、70
后面可接on的动词
在...上面
例子
act on
base on
comment on
concentrate on
lean on(against)
live on
operate on
count on
depend on
rely on
后面可接in的动词
子主题
例子
believe in
delight in
interest in
include in
involve in
engage in
experience in
fail in
help in(with)
后面可接from的动词
来自于...
例子
borrow rrom
receive from
escape from
draw from
suffer from
differ from
sepearate from
protect from
defend from
prevent from
后面可接of的动词
子主题
例子
consist of
think of
complain of(about)
dream of(about)
accuse of
approve of
assure of
beware of
be/get rid of
tired of
convince of(about)
成分角度的扩展
同位语、插入语
L4、43
同位语的概念
一个名词（或短语等）与另一个名词（或短语）并列而作为其说明或限定成分时称为同位语。同位语与它所补充说明的成分之间用逗号隔开。
例句
This is John, one of my best friends.
Mrs. Smith, my neighbore, has never been abroad.
非谓语动词
非谓语动词作定语
L21
doing修饰名词
主动，正在进行
例句
... passing planes can be heard night and day.
a waiting car
boiling water
a sleeping baby
a developing country
a woman wearing a white coat
done修饰名词
被动，已完成
例句
I am one of the few people left.
used car
a deserted car park
a ploughed field
a developed country
wasted time
a car called Blue Bird
非谓语动词作状语
L49
并列句
L25
含义
多件事，一样重要
写法
多个简单句，用并列连词连接
特点
相同的可以省略，余下的保持不变。
例句
I ran to the station. I missed the bus.
I ran to the station but I missed the bus.
I ran to the station but missed the bus.
I spoke English very carefully. I spoke English very clearly.
I not only spoke English very carefully, but I spoke English very clearly as well .
I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well .
并列连词
顺接
...and...
例句
My brother bought her a gift and she accepted it.
I wash my face.
I brush my teeth.
I comb my hair every morning.
I wash my face and brush my teeth and comb my hair every morning.
I wash my face , brush my teeth , and comb my hair every morning.
both...and...
例句
My sister went shopping.
I went shopping.
Both my sister and I went shopping.
not only...but...as well
例句
We got very tired.
We got very hungry.
We got not only very tired but very hungry as well.
not only...but also...
not only...but...
转折
...but...
例句
Then he spoke slowly,but I could not understand him.
I knocked at the door.
He did not open it.
I knocked at the door , but he did not open it.
...yet...
选择
二选一
...or...
例句
You hurry up, or you will be late.
either...or...
例句
Either you hurry up, or you will be late.
He must be mad.
He must be very wise.
He must be either mad or very wise.
两个都不选
neither...nor...
例句
He did not speak English. I did not speak English.
Neither he nor I spoke English.
因果
...for...
只能在句中
...so...
例句
She locked the door, so/for shewas afraid of thieves.
I did not know the way to my hotel , so/for I asked a porter.
例句
It was three o'clock.
We could not get lunch.
We had a cup of coffee.
It was three o'clock , and we could not get lunch , so we had a cup of coffee.
复合句
主句+从句
名词性从句
宾语从句
L15
概念
一个句子（从句）去做另外一个句子（主句）的宾语
写法
连接词+陈述句
陈述句作宾语从句
例句
主句
I think...
从句
You are right...
I think (that) you are right.
主句
Many people pretend.
从句
They understand modern art.
Many people pretend that they understand modern art.
直接引语变间接引语
例句
直接引语
He says, “I am a fool.”
间接引语
He says (that) he is a fool.
直接引语
He said, “I will go to Italy.”
间接引语
He said (that) he would go to Italy.
直接引语
He said, “I went to Italy.”
间接引语
He said (that) he had gone to Italy.
特殊疑问句变宾语从句
例句
主句
They always tell you.
从句
What is a picture ‘about’?
They always tell you what a picture is ‘about’.
一般疑问句变宾语从句
例句
主句
She always tells me.
从句
Are my picture good or not?
She always tells me whether/if my pictures are good or not.
位置
动词后的宾语从句
L26
动单宾
例句
I promise that I will help you.
I wonder when we will set out.
They don't know whether they will finish the work on time.
动双宾
例句
You never told me what you had done to my computer.
介词后的宾语从句
L46
例句
He was astonished at what he found.
形容词后的宾语从句
L55
例句
I am sure that...
表语从句
L29
主语从句
L43、51、58
同位语从句
L46
定语从句
限定性定语从句
L28
含义
一个句子作定语， 修饰限定名词
位置
跟在所修饰的名词后
写法
先行词n.+（关系词+陈述句）括号内是定语从句。
关系词的选择主要看先行词
先行词
事、物
关系词
which/that
先行词
人
关系词
who/whom/that
先行词
人、物（某人的，某物的）
关系词
whose
先行词
时间
关系词
when
先行词
地点
关系词
where
先行词
原因
关系词
why
定语从句的关系词每一个都作成分， 包括 that
whom 指人， 只能在作宾语时使用。
关系词在定语从句中作宾语时， 可以省略。
例句
This is the job.
I have dreamed of the job for years.
This is the job which I have dreamed of for years.
which是关系词，意思等同于先行词the job
I have a class which/that begins at 8:00 am.
关系词作主语不能省略
The lawyer who/that/whom/省略 my brother called didn’ t answer the phone.
关系词作宾语可以省略
My daughter asked me a question which/that/省略 I couldn’ t answer.
Leo is the student whose bike was stolen.
Australia is one of the few countries where people drive on the left.
Sunday is the day when people usually don’ t go to work.
Is there any particular reason why you can’ t come?
I lost the book which/that/省略 I borrowed from the library last week.
The woman who/that/whom I saw in the park was feeding pigeons.
We like Professor Lee whose lecture is very amazing.
Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.
I cannot remember the day when we met last time.
非限定性定语从句
L36
状语从句L95
状语从句的概念
一个句子作状语，针对主句表达描述性的信息，来进一步补充说明
时间状语从句
L35
地点状语从句
原因状语从句
结果状语从句
L30、35
目的状语从句
L59
条件状语从句
L16
if条件状语从句
真实条件句
例句
You will miss the train,if you don't hurry.
假设过去
if从句：过去的各种时态
主句：过去将来时
例句
If tall chimneys were built above sea level, the tunnel would be well-ventilated.
假设现在
if从句：现在的各种时态
主句：一般将来时
例句
If he is out, I will call him tomorrow.
If he is working, I won't disturb him.
假设将来（使用概率最大，90%）
if从句：一般现在时（替代将来）
主句：一般将来时
例句
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.
You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket.
虚拟条件句
让步状语从句
L38
比较状语从句
L36、80
方式状语从句
L63
按照用途划分
常用用途句式
陈述句
L1
疑问句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
选择疑问句
反义疑问句
L68
祈使句
L66
感叹句
L2
感叹句结构
What + n./n.词组！
What a wonderful world!
What a surprise!
What a pity!
L19
What a mess!
L54
How + adj./adv. !
How interesting!
陈述句变感叹句过程
例句
It is a terible day!
What a terrible day it is!
What a terrible day！
What a day！
特殊用途句式
倒装
全部倒装
L36
部分倒装
L79
强调
L58
虚拟
if条件状语从句的虚拟
L40、64、88
宾语从句的虚拟
L64
情态动词的虚拟
L41、65、89
其他知识
have
L18
用法
实意动词
有（own/possess）
例句
I have a book.
She has a car.
He had a surprise.
否定
吃喝玩乐做
例子
have a meal
have breakfast
have some water
have fun
have a good time
have a swim
否定
例句
I do not have a book.
She does not have lunch.
He did not have a good time.
have 和 have got
都是“有”的意思，但是二者前者是实意动词，后者是助动词
例句
You have got a lot of money.
助动词（帮助构成完成时态）
例句
I have received a letter.
She has bought a gift.
否定
例句
I have received a letter.
She has not bought a gift.
He had not left.
注意
have/has，had had
前者是助动词，后者是实意动词
例句
I had had lunch at a village pub.
We have had trouble with the pian.
there be
L23
there be+名词
倒装句
有，客观存在
there be+名词+介词短语
例句
There is agirl in the classroom.
There was abook on the table.
There is still some honesty in this world.
there be+名词+doing
例句
There is a girl crying.
There is a girl crying in the classroom.
there be+名词+doing+介词短语
There were some people rowing on the river.
引号
L26
用法
位于一行之上，句尾在其它标点（逗号、句号、问号）之外
引语的第一个词以大写字母开头
在said/asked等词后面用逗号
例句
Sister asked me,‘What are you doing?’
‘It's all right’,she said,‘but isn't it upside down?’
she said可以放在句首、句中、句尾
used to do sth.
L31
含义
过去常常做某事（现在不做了）
例句
I used to drink a lot of coffee.
We used to live in the countryside.
People used to be happy when they were young.
pass与past
L33
pass
v
经过，越过；前行
n
通行证；及格；传球
past
adj
过去的；结束的
n.
过去
prep.
晚于，在…...之后；在…...的更远处；经过，越过；超出，超过
adv.
从一侧到另一侧，经过；（时间）过去，逝去
区别
pass做动词，past不是动词
例句
He passed my house this morning.
He walked past my house.
He told me about his past experiences.
He seem to live the past.