导图社区 第十三课上Insurance美国的保险业务思维导图
美国保险业现状:问题及发展趋势美国保险业概况 美国的保险业务分人寿与健康(包括人身事故)保险、财产与灾害保险两大类。 截至到 1997 年底,全美境内有7900 家保险公司,保险业从业人员230 万,保险业总资产3.4 亿美元。
编辑于2022-09-04 15:06:38这是一篇关于古代阶级的思维导图,主要内容包括:贼人,三教九流,贱民,四民,民,氓,流。在古代中国社会中各自承载着特定的含义和指向,反映了当时社会的阶层结构、职业分工和价值取向。
自考本科C 言说学习,进入“C++语言基础”部分,介绍了C++编程的基础要素,包括“基本的语法”和“三大程序结构”。这张思维导图全面而详细地介绍了C++编程语言的基础知识和核心概念,对于初学者来说是一份非常宝贵的学习资料。
将成人高考数据前三章内容进行详细整理,涵盖了考试的基础知识点、重要概念和关键信息。通过思维导图的形式,这些内容可以更加清晰、直观地展现出来,便于考生理解和记忆。结合图形一目了然。内容实用,有需要的赶紧收藏下来吧!
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这是一篇关于古代阶级的思维导图,主要内容包括:贼人,三教九流,贱民,四民,民,氓,流。在古代中国社会中各自承载着特定的含义和指向,反映了当时社会的阶层结构、职业分工和价值取向。
自考本科C 言说学习,进入“C++语言基础”部分,介绍了C++编程的基础要素,包括“基本的语法”和“三大程序结构”。这张思维导图全面而详细地介绍了C++编程语言的基础知识和核心概念,对于初学者来说是一份非常宝贵的学习资料。
将成人高考数据前三章内容进行详细整理,涵盖了考试的基础知识点、重要概念和关键信息。通过思维导图的形式,这些内容可以更加清晰、直观地展现出来,便于考生理解和记忆。结合图形一目了然。内容实用,有需要的赶紧收藏下来吧!
Insurance 美国的保险业务
课文
An insurance agent called me this morning. This particular agent wanted to discuss my automobile coverage, but the next agent to call might be interested in my life insurance program,my health insurance, or fire protection for my home and furniture. The American consumer often feels constantly disturbed by insurance agents. Many agents selling many different policies call us by phone and sometimes even come to our doors. These insurance agents are always friendly, well dressed, and eager to be of help.
一位保险公司代理人今天上午拜访了我。这位打扮得过分讲究的代理人想要讨论我的汽车保险的承保范围,那么下一位再来拜访我的保险公司代理人就有可能对我的人寿保险项目,我的健康保险,甚至对我的房产和家具火灾保险感兴趣。美国的消费者都会经常觉得不断地受到保险公司代理人的骚扰。很多代理人为了兜售不同险种的保险单都会给我们打电话,有时甚至登门造访。这些保险公司的代理人总是彬彬有礼,衣冠楚楚并急于热情为您服务。
Yet few Americans really enjoy visiting with these eager, helpful men and women. We are not happy when they call us; we are on guard when they visit our homes. They are never really our friends; at best, they are a necessary evil.
可是几乎没有美国人会真正喜欢这些急于热情助人的男男女女前来拜访。他们打来电话,我们不高兴;他们来我们家拜访,我们都怀有戒心。他们永远也不会成为我们真正的朋友;最多,他们代表我们必须与之打交道的魔鬼或灾难。
Three reasons why we are unwilling to discuss insurance can be suggested. First of all,insurance is expensive. A young father who purchases a fairly small life insurance policy agrees to pay a sum of $200 every year for 40 years - a total of $8,000. Many college students pay $800 to $1,000 per year for car insurance. In effect, they pay as much for the insurance as they do for the car itself. Health insurance that pays for modern medical miracles often costs Americans as much as $2,000 every year.Adequate insurance is expensive; it is a major item for most families.
我们之所以不愿讨论保险的三个原因可表述如下:第一,保险费太贵。有一位年轻的父亲,买了相当小的一份人寿保险单。他同意每年支付的保险费钱数是 200 美元,连续支付40 年--总额共达 8000 美元!许多大学生每年支付小汽车保险费 800 到 1000 美元。实际算起来,他们支付保险费的钱数跟他们购买那辆汽车本身的钱数是一样多的。通常美国人每年都要支付 2000 美元的健康保险费,用这笔钱来支付现代医药界所创造出的一些奇迹。全方位的投保太费钱了。各方面都投保的费用是绝大多数家庭的主要开支项目。
Insurance also reminds us that we live in an unsafe world. We are human and we must face the possibilities of illness, injury, death, and financial loss. Our rational minds recognize the many unfortunate events that can occur, but in our hearts we hope that we might be spared. Serious injury or death is not a pleasant subject to discuss or even consider. We are afraid; we would rather talk about football or the weather or what we had for lunch.
第二,保险也使我们想到我们是生活在一个不安全的世界里。我们必须面对可能生病、受伤、死亡和财产损失这些灾祸。尽管我们的头脑在理性上能意识到很多灾难性的事故有可能发生,但是我们心理上都希望我们最好能幸免于难。重伤或死亡并不是一个令人愉快的讨论话题,这些我们甚至连想都下敢想。我们害怕;我们倒宁可聊一聊美式橄榄球,聊聊天气或者聊聊我们午餐所吃的东西。
Finally, insurance is a difficult, complex subject. No one understands it completely and only a few insurance professionals really feel comfortable in a discussion of automobile, life, and major medical coverages. We feel inadequate and try to hide our ignorance by avoiding discussions of insurance.
最后,保险是很难弄懂很复杂的问题。除了极小数的保险业的专家在讨论起车险,寿险和重病医药险等险种的承保范围时会高谈阔论而外,没有任何人能完全懂得保险业务。我们觉得自己没有足够的保险业务知识,因而避免讲座保险问题,以便掩饰我们自己的无知。
Yet these three reasons for not discussing insurance provide three excellent reasons why we should learn more about it. Insurance is expensive. In a lifetime, many of us spend as much on insurance as we do on the purchase of a home. If we are to spend our money intelligently, we need information about the products and services available. We don't depend entirely on salespeople when we buy a car, a house, or a suit of clothes. Neither should we depend entirely on the agent when we buy insurance. We need a basic knowledge of insurance coverages if we are to be intelligent consumers.
可是,这不愿讨论保险问题的三个原因也正是我们应该更多地学些保险知识的三个充足的理由。保险费太贵。我们很多人,一辈子花的保险费跟购买房子的费用是一样多的。如果我们要把钱花得明智一些,我们就将需要获得有关购买产品或服务项目的一些信息资料。在我们买小汽车、买房子或买一套衣服时,我们不能完全相信销售人员;在我们买保险时,我们也不应该完全相信或依靠保险公司的代理人。如果我们打算要做明智的消费者,我们就需要有承保范围或者叫保险涵盖方面的知识。
The intelligent consumer looks problems in the face. Although accident, illness, and death are not pleasant subjects, each of us knows we face these possibilities. It is better that we plan for these situations by finding means to deal with them than to just hope that they will somehow go away.
明智的投保人要正视种种问题。尽管事故,疾病和死亡都不是令人愉快的话题,但是我们每个人都知道我们都有发生这些灾害的可能。针对这些可能发生的情况,我们计划一下找出对付灾害的办法,这总比我们只是凭空希望这些灾害会不知不觉地自动消失要好得多。
Although insurance can be complex, its basic concepts are neither difficult nor impossible to learn. Quite the opposite. Insurance fundamentals can be understood by those willing to study them. Serious study provides knowledge. The study of insurance is an effective, proven method of dealing with the insurance ignorance faced by many American families.
尽管保险可能是复杂的,但是保险的一些基本概念既不是很难懂的,也不是不可能学会的。恰恰相反,只要是愿意学习保险知识的人,都能弄明白保险的基本原则。认真地钻研就能获得保险的知识。钻研保险知识是很多美国家庭用来对付不懂保险情况的一种行之有效的切实可行的方法。
new words
保险
sure
[ʃʊə(r)]
adj. 肯定的,有把握的; 一定的,无疑的; 可靠的; 沉着自信的;
adv. (表示同意)当然; (加强语气)确实; (回答他人的感谢)不客气;
-sur-确信 + -e
词根 sur = certain(确定的),secure(安全的) 来自拉丁语的securue意为certain(确定的),secure(安全的)。sur在这里是一个词根,它还是一个前缀sur-,意思表示“在...之上”。
insure
[ɪnˈʃʊə(r)]
v. 投保; 承保; 使采取预防措施;
He insured his house against fire.
(他给自己的房屋保了火险。)
The insurance company refused to insure him again after all his car accidents.
(他的汽车出了那么多事故以后,保险公司不愿再给他保险了。)
in-,进入,使,sure,确认,保证。引申词义投保
在美国英语中,insure 可以表示“保证,确保”。
We must try to insure peace around the world.
(我们必须确保世界和平。)
peace
[piːs]
n. 和平; 和平运动; 宁静; 平静; 和谐;
peac(-pac-)和平 + -e
assure
[əˈʃʊə(r)]
v. 使确信; 查明; 人寿保险;
He assured his life with this company.
(他向这家公司保了人寿险。)
She assured me that she would come earlier.
(她向我保证她会早点来。)
I can assure you of the quality.
(它的质量我可以向你保证。)
as(=ad,使)+sure(确信的)→使确信→保证
ensure
[ɪnˈʃʊə(r)]
v. 确保; 担保;
en-加强意义 + -sur-确信 + -e
ensure 常在正式用法中取代 insure,表示“保证,担保”,“保证给予”
His diligence will ensure his success.
(他的勤劳将保证他取得成功。)
I'm sorry I cannot ensure you a better job.
(很报歉,我不能保证给你一个更好的工作。)
辨析
ensure 侧重使人相信某个行为或力量产生的结果。
insure 与ensure换用,但前者多指经济方面的保证、保险。
assure 侧重指消除某人思想上的怀疑或担心,从而有达到目的的保证感,但不如ensure普通。
guarantee 指对事物的品质或人的行为及履行义务、义务等承担责任的保证。
PIE*wer,覆盖,保护,看管,看护 词源同warranty.
pledge 正式用词,指通过郑重许诺、协议或立誓等保证承担某一义务或遵守某一原则。
pledge
[pledʒ]
n. 保证,誓言; [法]抵押权; 公约; (表示友谊的)干杯;
vt.& vi. 使发誓,保证; 典当,抵押;
vt. 许诺; 用…担保; 以誓言约束; 向…祝酒;
vi. 作出庄重有约束力的誓言; 祝愿,祝酒;
PIE*del,长的,词源同long,play,plight.引申词义请求,许诺,誓言等。
promise 侧重表自己的主观意向,设法用语言使人感到稳当可靠。
pro-前 + mis(-mit-)送,派 + -e动词词尾
insurance
[ɪnˈʃʊərəns]
n. 保险(业); 保费; 预防措施;
fire ( car,health,casualty ) insurance
火(汽车,健康,伤亡事故)险
You will have to show your driving license and car insurance certificate.
(你得出示你的驾驶证和汽车保险证明。)
certificate
[səˈtɪfɪkət,səˈtɪfɪkeɪt]
n. 证明,证书; 文凭;
v. 发结业证书;
certify
[ˈsɜːtɪfaɪ]
v. (出具)证明; 给…颁发结业证书;
-cert-确信 + -ify动词词尾
license
[ˈlaɪsns]
vt. 同意; 发许可证;
n. 执照,许可证;特许;
The holiday cost 50 pounds plus insurance and airport taxes.
(这次度假的代价是 50 英镑,另加保险费和机场税。)
plus
[plʌs]
prep. 加; 外加;
conj. 而且;
adj. 余; 优点的; 正数的; 多于…的;
n. 有利因素; 加号;
sell life insurance
兜揽人寿保险生意
insurance policy
保险契约,保险单
insurance company
保险公司
insurance agent
保险代理人
代理
agent
[ˈeɪdʒənt]
n. 代理人/商,经纪人; 间谍; 动力; (化学)剂; 行为主体;
-ag-行动 + -ent名词词尾
ag,act,ig = to drive(驱使),to do(做)
来源于拉丁动词agere 的词干部分
act 是个英语核心单词,是ag的同源异形词根,来自agere 的动名词形式actum的词干部分,基本含义也是to do或to drive。
当ag之前为元音时,ag中的"a"脱落变成"g"。这几个词根用做to drive 之意时,
其同义词根有来自拉丁语的lig,pel/puls(peal)。
来自拉丁语的词根dict/duc(du),men(mean)
来自希腊语的agog 意为to lead,含义相似。
agency
[ˈeɪdʒənsi]
n. 服务/代理/经销机构; (政府)专门机构;
信息范围
cover
[ˈkʌvə(r)]
v. 遮盖; 覆盖; 撒上; 包括; 涉及; 处理; 行走; 掩护; 敷衍; 给…保险; 报道; 足以支付; 包庇; 顶替,替补; 采取预防行动; 翻唱;
n. 掩护,保护; 躲避处,避难所; 保险; 覆盖物; 床罩; 掩饰; 自然植被; 遮盖; 替补; 代劳;
来自拉丁词cooperire, 覆盖,来自co-, 强调,ob-, 去,往,per, 同wer-, 覆盖,保护,词源同warn, warrant. 比较aperture, 开口,孔,来自ap-, 离开,per, 覆盖,保护。
Dust covered the desk.
(书桌上蒙上了灰尘。)
The floods covered the town.
(洪水淹没了城镇。)
flood
[flʌd]
n. 洪水; 泛滥; 溢流; 探照灯;
vi. 涌出; 为水淹没;
vt. 淹没;
They covered 140 miles in two hours.
(他们两小时行了 140 英里。)
Some reporters have been sent to cover the conference.
(已经派了几名记者去采访会议情况。)
One hundred dollars hardly covers two nights at a good hotel.
(100 美元几乎不够付好点旅馆两夜的房钱。)
coverage
[ˈkʌvərɪdʒ]
n. 新闻报道; 信息范围; 覆盖范围;
This radio station has great coverage.
(这个无线电的覆盖范围很广。)
Can you recommend me an insurance policy with extensive coverage?
(你能给我推荐一个承保范围广泛的保险吗?)
extensive
[ɪkˈstensɪv]
adj. 广阔的; 广泛的; 大量的,;
They had an excellent coverage on African situation.
(他们对非洲形势作了出色的报道。)
保护
protect
[prəˈtekt]
v. 保护; 贸易保护; 投保;
pro-前 + -tect-掩盖 → 预先盖住
teg,tect = to hide,to cover
来自拉丁语的teg,tect意为to hide,to cover。
同义词根
拉丁语的cond,cel(ceal,cul),cover/cur等
希腊语的crypt。
protect sb from sth
protection
[prəˈtekʃn]
n. 保护; 保护物; 保险; 保护法; 贸易保护; 保护费;
protective
[prəˈtektɪv]
adj. 保护的,防护的; 保护贸易的;
消耗
consume
[kənˈsjuːm]
v. 消耗; 吞噬; 充满(感情); 吃喝; 烧毁;
“全部拿光”从这个意义上引申出“消耗,消费” 。
“肺结核“可以说是一种消耗肺部的疾病,因此,consume的名词形式consumption 除了有“消耗,消费”意思之外,还有“肺结核”的意思。
con-, 强调。-sum, 拿,带,消费,词源同assume, resume.
sumpt,sum = to take,to use,to waste
来自拉丁语的sumere,是由su(在下面)+ em(买)构成,进而演化为sume词根,当然,词根sume可以看成sum,所以,sum就有了这几个意思。
词根em的同义词根有来自拉丁语的prehend/prehens,pris,cap/capt/cept/ceiv(cip,cup,ceit),empt/em,rap/rav,lab/lep等。
sumpt是这个词根sume的变形,用来构成形容词或名词 。
He consumed much time and energy in writing this book.
energy
[ˈenədʒi]
n. 精力,力气; 毅力; 努力; 能量;
He consumed much of his time in watching TV.
(他花许多时间看电视。)
Do you know how much oil the Americans consume daily?
(你知道美国人每天的耗油是多少?)
He consumed all his energy.
(他耗尽了所有的精力。)
consumer
[kənˈsjuːmə(r)]
n. 消费者; 顾客,客户;
producers and consumers 生产者和消费者
consumer rights 消费者权益
a consumer guide 消费者指南
guide
[ɡaɪd]
n. 指南; 导游; 准则; 指导的事物;
v. 给…当导游; 指导; 阐明; 搀扶…走; 带…参观; 给…带路; 驾驶;
We should protect the interest of consumers.
These machines were enormous consumers of electricity.
(这些机器耗电量很大。)
enormous
[ɪˈnɔːməs]
adj. 巨大的; 极大的;
The change in policy will affect all gas consumers.
(政策的变化会影响所有的油料消费者。)
consumption
[kənˈsʌmpʃn]
n. 消费,消耗量; 吃,喝; 肺结核;
The consumption of the material has been reduced year by year
这种材料的消耗量逐年下降
example
[ɪɡˈzɑːmpl]
n. 例子; 范例; 榜样;
就是往外拿出东西解释给别人看的东西,这里am是由em音变而来。
打扰
disturb
[dɪˈstɜːb]
v. 打扰,打断; 使焦虑; 搅乱;
dis-, 分开。-turb, 转,搅拌,词源同turn, turbid. 即转开,搅拌开,引申词义扰
turb = to agitate 激动
May I disturb you for a moment?
disturbance
[dɪˈstɜːbəns]
n. 骚乱; 干扰; (身体或心理)失调;
trouble
[ˈtrʌbl]
n. 问题,麻烦,困难; 苦恼; 疾病,疼痛; 故障; 纷争,骚乱; 不便;
v. 使烦恼,使忧虑; 麻烦,打扰; 费心,劳神; 使疼痛;
源于拉丁语turbulare(荒凉的,混杂的),经由古法语trouble或tourble进入英语。 与词根-turb-(混乱,骚扰)同源
辨析
bother 指使人烦恼而引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。
disturb 较正式用词,多用被动态。指拢乱,使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序,是程度较深的烦恼。
trouble 指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。
annoy 强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心,多指一时的打拢或恼怒。
irritate 语气比annoy强得多,指激怒,使发怒,多指一种短时间的反应。
vex 侧重指因不断的干扰而引起的烦恼,有时含激怒的意味。
政策
policy
[ˈpɒləsi]
n. 政策; 策略; 保险单; 策略性;
polic(-polis-)政治 + -y名词词尾
polit(polic,polis) = city,state
词根来源于希腊语的polit 意为city,state。polic,polis是其变形。同义词根有来自拉丁语的urb。
policies on education 教育方针
personnel policy 人事政策
economic and foreign policy 经济和外交政策
policy maker 决策人
policy holder 投保人
The policy of reform and opening to the outside world has brought about great changes to China.
(改革开放政策给中国带来了巨大的变化。)
reform
[rɪˈfɔːm]
v. 改革,改进; (使)改过自新;
n. 改革,改善;
This service is free to policy holders.
(这项服务对投保人免费。)
police
[pəˈliːs]
n. 警察部门; 警方; 警察; 治安;
vt. (警察、军队等)巡查; 维护治安; (委员会等)监督; 管制;
单词police最初和policy是同一个单词,其含义与“警察”、“政策”都没有关系,而是表示civil administration(城市管理)。
metropolis
[məˈtrɒpəlɪs]
n. 大都市,大都会; 首府,首都; 大主教区; 大城市;
metro来自希腊语meter,母亲,词源同mother
polis,城市,词源同police,policy.
cosmopolis
[kɒz'mɒpəlɪs]
n. <美>国际都市(由来自许多不同国家的人居住的大城市)
cosmo- + -polis.
词根 cosm = 秩序,宇宙,装饰
来源于希腊语 cosmos 次序 / 和谐,在进入英语后,又引申为“世界”,且占据了主要的用途。
总和
sum
[sʌm]
n. 总数; 金额; 算术;
词根 sum = 总,最高
来源于拉丁语 summa/summus 全,有同形异义词根:-sum- 拿,取,花费。
来源于拉丁语super(上,超过)的最高级supmus派生的summus(最高的)。在一柱数字里面,古罗马人喜欢从底下向上计数,然后把总数放在顶部,所以summus不仅有“最高的”意义,还有“总的”意义。 -sum-最高,总 → sum总数
sum up
The expenses came to an enormous sum.
(开支总数巨大。)
expense
[ɪkˈspens]
n. 开销; 费用; 业务费;
He paid a large sum of money for the house.
(他出了一大笔钱买这所房子。)
The boys, in sum, did a good job.
(总之,男孩子们干得不错。)
At the end of the discussion, he summed up, and added a few points.
(讨论快结束时,他作了总结并补充了几点。)
I cannot sum up his opinion in one sentence.
(我无法用一句话来概括他的观点。)
opinion
[əˈpɪnjən]
n. 意见; 信仰; 专家意见;
summation
[sʌˈmeɪʃn]
n. 总和; 加在一起; 总结; 概括;
奇迹
miracle
[ˈmɪrəkl]
n. 奇迹; 圣迹; 不可思议的事; 极好例证;
mir = to wonder(惊讶),to behold(看见)
来自拉丁语miraculum,令人惊奇之物,上帝创造的鬼斧神工之物,来自mirari,惊讶,惊奇,来自PIE*smei,笑,惊叹,词源同marvel,mirror,smile.引申词义奇迹,圣迹。
mirror
[ˈmɪrə(r)]
n. 镜子,反光镜; 真实的写照; 反映,借鉴; 榜样;
vt. 反映; 反射;
mirror一词来源于拉丁词miror,意思是“羡慕”、“赞美”。镜子不就是制作来让人们进行自我欣赏的吗? 出于同一词源的还有一个词:miracle(奇迹),“奇迹”正是令人“赞叹”的奇异的事情。
mirage
[ˈmɪrɑ:ʒ]
n. 海市蜃楼,幻景;
可能来自miracle,奇迹,引申词义幻景,海市蜃楼。或来自mirror,镜子,引申词义反射,反射体。
miraculous
[mɪˈrækjələs]
adj. 奇迹般的; 不可思议的; 神奇;
相等
equal
[ˈiːkwəl]
adj. 同样的; 平等的; 均等的; 胜任的;
n. 同样的人;
v. 等于; 比得上; 结果为;
词根 equ(iqu) = equal,same 相同,相同
来源于拉丁语形容词aequus,这个词根与其它词根构词时,常还有连接字母(中缀)-i-,也可以把equi看作是equ的变体。词根equ的变形还有iqu。
同义词根有来源于拉丁语的sembl,simil/simul,par,ident等和来源于希腊语的tauto。
equation
[ɪˈkweɪʒn]
n. 等式,方程式; 等同看待; 平衡,综合体;
equate
[iˈkweɪt]
v. 同等看待; 与…等同;
adequate
[ˈædɪkwət]
adj. 足够的; 合格的; 合乎需要的;
ad(去)+equate(相等的)→(与需求)相等的→充足的、胜任的;
equate←拉丁语aequatus(相等的)←拉丁语aequare(使相等)
His income is adequate to support his family.
(他的收入足以维持他一家的生活。)
What should be done to assure adequate supplies of water?
(应该怎样来保证足够的水供应?)
supplies
[səp'laɪz]
n. 日用(必需)品; 供应; 补给; 供应量; 供给物( supply的名词复数 ); 储备物质; 粮食;
v. 供给( supply的第三人称单数 ); 补充; 弥补(缺陷、损失等); 向…提供(物资等);
inadequate
[ɪnˈædɪkwət]
adj. 不充足的; 不适当的; 不足胜任的; 信心不足的;
sufficient
[səˈfɪʃnt]
adj. 足够的; 充足的; 充分的;
suffice
[səˈfaɪs]
vi. 足够; 有能力;
vt. 满足…的需要; 使满足;
suf-,在下,向上,-fic,做,词源同 fact,efficient.引申词义做到足够,使足够,足以。
I think he is adequate to the job.
(我认为他胜任这工作。)
He gave us an adequate description of the situation.
(他对形势作了恰当的描述。)
重要的
major
[ˈmeɪdʒə(r)]
adj. 重要的; 严重的; 大音阶的; 主修的;
It is not a major problem.
(这不是个大问题。)
She had a major operation last month.
(她上个月初了次大手术。)
operation
[ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]
n. 活动; 企业; 手术; 使用; 运算; 运行; 军事行动;
n. 少校; 主修课程; 主修…的学生; 大型企业; 大联盟;
Biology is his major.
(生物是他的专业。)
He is a physics major, but he is interested in journalism.
(他是物理专业学生,但他却对新闻越兴趣。)
journalism
[ˈdʒɜːnəlɪzəm]
n. 新闻业; 新闻学; 新闻工作; 报章杂志;
v. 主修;
She majors in early education.
(她专攻早期教育。)
My brother majors in traditional Chinese medicine.
(我弟弟主修中医。)
My major is English and American literature at college.
-magn- → maj大的 + -or形容词词尾
magn,maj,max = great(伟大的;壮大的)
来自拉丁语的magn 同义词根有来自拉丁语的grand
maj,max和来自希腊语的coloss,maha,mega/megalo,metro等。
major 意思相反的词是 minor
majority
[məˈdʒɒrəti]
n. 多数; 多数票; 超出其余各方票数总和的票数; 法定成年年龄;
adj. 多数人支持的;
minor
[ˈmaɪnə(r)]
adj. 较小的,次要的,轻微的,微不足道的; 小音阶的;
Don't worry about it, it is only a minor problem.
(别担心,这只是个小问题。)
n. 未成年人; 辅修生/课程;
History is his major, and English is his minor.
(他主修历史,副修英语。)
v. 辅修;
minority
[maɪˈnɒrəti]
n. 少数; 少数民族; 未成年;
思想
mind
[maɪnd]
n. 思想; 头脑; 思维方式; 有才智的人; 心思; 记忆力;
v. 烦恼; 介意; 当心; 服从; 关心,照看;
来自PIE*men,思想,思考,记忆,词源同man,mental,monitor.引申词义思维,头脑等。
remind
[rɪˈmaɪnd]
v. 提醒; 使想起;
词组
remind sb of sth
remind sb to do sth
remind that…
I must remind you of your promise.
please remind me to answer that letter.
Please remind me, if I forget to give you the key.
(如果我忘记给你钥匙,请提醒我。)
Remind him to put the book on the shelf when he is done with it.
(他看完书后提醒他把书放在书架上。)
We had to remind him that he had a meeting at 10:00.
(我们不得不提醒他十点钟有个会。)
Is it necessary to remind him about the party?
(有必要提醒他不要忘记赴宴吗?)
The picture reminds me of my childhood in the countryside.
(这张照片使我联想起在农村度过的童年。)
安全
safe
[seɪf]
adj. 安全的,不会受伤的; 保险的; 有把握的; 缺乏新意的;
n. 保险柜,保险箱;
来自古法语 sauf,安全的,受保护的,来自拉丁语 salvus,安全的,健康的,完整的,来自 PIE*sol, 完整的,整个的
词源同 solid,save,salvation.字母 l 软化为 u,最终脱落。引申词义保险箱等。
It is not safe to skate on that thin ice.
在那薄冰上溜冰不安全。
safety
[ˈseɪfti]
n. 安全(性); 安全场所; 中卫;
adj. 保障安全的;
The police work for the safety of all the people who live in this city.
unsafe
[ʌnˈseɪf]
adj. 不安全的; 危险的; 不安稳的;
Tell them not to crossthat bridge because it is unsafe.
告诉他们不要过桥,因为不安全。
dangerous
[ˈdeɪndʒərəs]
adj. 危险的;
danger
[ˈdeɪndʒə(r)]
n. 危险; 可能性; 危险的事物; 风险;
来自拉丁语dominus, 统治,主人,词源同domino, domineer. 原指君主的权力,君主的威严,引申义危险。
可能
poss
[pɒs]
abbr. Passive Optical (Satellite) Surveillance System 被动式光学(卫星)监视系统;
adj. 可能;
pot(pow,poss) = powerful,capable of
来自拉丁语的pot 意为powerful,capable of,它的变形有pow,poss等
海神波塞冬(Poseidon)从他的名字中产生了表示“能力”的词根pos
possible
[ˈpɒsəbl]
adj. 做得到的; 可能的; 可能存在的; 最…的; 合理的;
n. 可能;
possibility
[ˌpɒsəˈbɪləti]
n. 可能性; 机会; 潜力;
We must accept the possibility that we might be wrong.
(我们必须接受这种可能性,即我们也许错了。)
I am not sure if we have the possibility of success.
(我不能肯定我们是否有成功的可能。)
It is a possibility that he will get the job.
(他有可能得到那份工作。)
impossible
[ɪmˈpɒsəbl]
adj. 不可能的; 极难应付的; 难以忍受的;
伤害
injury
[ˈɪndʒəri]
n. 伤害,损伤;
in-不,无,非 + -jur-法律,公正 + -y → 不法侵害
jud,jur,jus(t) = to judge(判断)
来源拉丁语 judicare/judex 意为to judge。judg- / -judic- 为 -jud- 的变体。
Building workers risk injury by not wearing helmets.
(建筑工人不戴安全帽便有受伤的危险。)
helmet
[ˈhelmɪt]
n. 头盔; 安全帽;
risk
[rɪsk]
n. 风险,危险; 隐患;
v. 冒风险; 冒险做;
He did not suffer any injuries in the accident.
(他在事故中没有任何损伤。)
suffer
[ˈsʌfə(r)]
v. 受苦; 忍受; 变差;
The man got an injury to the head in the fight.
(在打斗中那个人头部受伤。)
injure
[ˈɪndʒə(r)]
v. 伤害; 损害;
injured
[ˈɪndʒəd]
adj. 受伤的; 委屈的;
辨析
hurt 普通用词,较口语化,侧重指给有生命的东西造成机体上或精神、感情上的或轻或重的伤害。
injure比hurt正式,多用于有生命的事物。既可指伤害别人的事物。即可指伤害别人的健康、外貌、自尊心、名誉等,又可指使别人受伤或东西受损,同时含有受伤害部分至少暂时丧失功能的意味。
wound 专指对身体的重伤,尤指在战斗中受的伤,强调外部创伤;也可指精神方面的伤害。
harm 主要用于有生命的东西,语气略强于injure,指引起严重的痛苦和损伤;有时也用于抽象事物,指造成任何不良后果。
damage 通常指对无生命物体的损害,并有降低其价值,破坏其功能等的后果。
damage
[ˈdæmɪdʒ]
v. 损坏; 伤害;
n. 损坏; 伤害; 不良影响; 损害赔偿金;
来源于拉丁语动词damnare(损失,伤害) -damn-伤害,惩罚 → damage
damn (demn,dam) = ourse,harm
来自拉丁语的damn 意为ourse,harm,其元音弱化后变成demn,它的变形为dam。
disable 强调使伤残。
The boat was seriously damaged in the storm.
(那条船在风暴中严重受损。)
The soldier was badly wounded.
(那个士兵受了重伤。)
He injured his leg in an accident.
(在一次事故中,他的腿受了伤。)
I fell off my bicycle and hart my arm.
(我从自行车上摔下来,摔伤了胳膊。)
I didn't mean to hart your feelings.
(我本无意伤害你的感情。)
复杂
com-一起 + -plex-重叠,编织
词根 plic,ply,pli,ple,plex,plo = to flod(倍,重,折叠)来源于拉丁语的plicare(=to fold)
plex来源于拉丁语 plexus (=to fold)折叠,
-plic- 也可以理解为是根据元 / 辅音的交替规律由 -plex- 变来的,属于元 / 辅音混合交替规律
complex
[ˈkɒmpleks]
adj. 复杂的; 复合的;
What he said was too complex for me to understand.
(他说的太复杂了,我不理解。)
This is a complex problem.
(这是个复杂的问题。)
n. 综合建筑群; 相关联的一组事物; 复合体; 情结; 忧虑;
There will be an industrial complex in our province.
(我们省将有一个大工业中心。)
province
[ˈprɒvɪns]
n. 省; 首都以外的地区; 范围;
He has a complex about bugs.
bug
[bʌɡ]
n. 虫子; 小病; (计算机程序中的)故障; 窃听器; 热衷;
v. 在…装窃听器; 窃听; 使烦恼;
(他对小虫子有病态恐惧。)
perplex
[pəˈpleks]
vt. 使迷惑,使混乱; 使复杂化;
per-完全,贯穿 + -plex-重叠,编织 → 重重叠叠
explicate
[ˈeksplɪkeɪt]
vt. <正>解释,说明(文章或计划等); 引申,阐述 (学说、理论、原理、原则等);
ex-, 向外。-plic, 卷,卷入,词源同imply, implicate. 即展开,卷开,解释。
implicate
[ˈɪmplɪkeɪt]
vt. 牵涉,涉及(某人); 表明(或意指)…是起因; 暗示;
im-,进入,使,-plic,编织,卷入,词源同imply,complicate.引申词义牵连,牵涉。
apply
[əˈplaɪ]
v. 申请; 应用; 适用; 涂,敷; 有关,涉及; 努力; 使全神贯注于; 按,踩;
损失
loss
[lɒs]
n. 损失; 丧失; 去世; 亏损; 失败; 失落;
来源于原始印欧语lau-, leu-, lu-。 同源词:loose, lose, lost, -less 词组/短语:at a loss 困惑,不知所措
The loss caused by the fire was adequately covered by insurance.
lost
[lɒst]
adj. 失去的; 迷路的; 不知所措的;
v. 遗失,失去; (使)失去(所需要的东西,尤指钱); 失败; 浪费( lose的过去式和过去分词);
The explorers got lost in hate thick forest.
lose
[luːz]
v. 输掉; 遗失; 损失; 被夺去; 减轻; 不明白; 逃脱; 浪费(时间); 走慢; 删掉; 亏损;
来自古英语los,失去,毁灭,来自PIE*leu,砍,切开,分开,解开,松开,词源同analyse,loose,-less.可能进一步来自PIE*skel,砍,切,词源同scale,scalper.拼写演变比较locus,ring.
You should make good use of your time. There is not a moment to lose.
资金
finance
[ˈfaɪnæns]
v. 给…提供资金;
n. 资金; 财政; 财力;
fin = end(末尾), limit(界限)
来源拉丁名词的finis 意为end,limit。
同义词根有来自拉丁语的termin,ultim 和来自希腊语的bys。
词源同fine, finish. 指终结债务,解决争端等,引申词义金钱,资金,金融等。
financier
[faɪˈnænsiə(r)]
n. 金融家,财政家; 资本家; 投资家;
financial
[faɪˈnænʃl]
adj. 财政的,财务的; 金融的; 有钱的;
运气
fortune
[ˈfɔːtʃuːn]
n. 大笔的钱; 时运,运气; 命运;
源自幸运女神的名字Fortuna,词源同bring, infer. 引申词义财富。
fortunate
[ˈfɔːtʃənət]
adj. 幸运的;
unfortunate
[ʌnˈfɔːtʃənət]
luck
[lʌk]
n. 好运; 机遇;
adj. 不幸的; 不恰当的; 穷困潦倒的;
词源不详,原指赌博中的财运。
lucky
[ˈlʌki]
adj. 运气好的,侥幸的; 兆头好的,吉祥的; 〈俚〉难得; 很恰当的;
unlucky
[ʌnˈlʌki]
adj. 不幸运的,倒霉的; 不吉祥的; 不顺利的; 不凑巧的;
发生
occur
[əˈkɜː(r)]
v. 发生; 存在于;
The traffic accident occurred at midnight.
A good idea occurred to me immediately
oc-来临 + -curr-流,跑 → 事情跑过来即为“发生”,事情跑入脑中即为“想起”
sth occur to sb 某事被人想起
occurrence
[əˈkʌrəns]
n. 发生,出现; 遭遇,事件;
职业
profess
[prəˈfes]
vt. 声称; 宣称; 公开表明; 信奉;
-fe-说 → -fess-表白 词根词缀: pro-前,公开 + -fess-表白 → 在众人面前表白
词源同confess,prophecy,phone.引申词义公开宣称,声称等。
professor
[prəˈfesə(r)]
n. 教授; 讲师;
profession
[prəˈfeʃn]
n. 职业; 业内人士; 全体人员; 声明;
引申词义职业,行业,即内心的召唤。
He decided on teaching as his profession.
(他决定从事教书工作。)
He is a carpenter by profession.
(他以木工为业。)
carpenter
[ˈkɑːpəntə(r)]
n. 木工; 木匠;
What's your father's profession?
(你父亲是从事什么工作的?)
professional
[prəˈfeʃənl]
adj. 专业的; 职业的; 非业余的;
We need to have some professional advice.
(我们需要职业性的指导。)
He is a professional basketball player.
(他是职业篮球运动员。)
He is a professional at his job.
(他是一个精通本职工作的人。)
n. 专业人士; 内行;
The band consists of a professional and three amateurs.
(这支乐队由一名职业乐师和三名业余人员组成。)
amateur
[ˈæmətə(r)]
n. 业余爱好者/运动员; 外行;
adj. 业余(爱好的);
无知
ignorant
[ˈɪɡnərənt]
adj. 无知的,愚昧的; 由无知引起的; 无学识的;
词根 gnor,gnos,gniz= to know (知)
来源于拉丁动词gnoscere ,
它与noscere 是同一个拉丁词,只是添加前缀时前面加上字母g(这个g在词根中不发音,在前缀之后才读音。)
gnit 是gnoscere 的分词词干
gniz是gnit在英语中的变体。
She was ignorant about these people.
(她对这些人全然不了解。)
His parents were kept ignorant of the fact that he failed in the exam.
(关于他考试又不及格这件事他父母还蒙在鼓里。)
How can you believe such an ignorant person?
(你怎能相信这样一个无知的人?)
ignorance
[ˈɪɡnərəns]
n. 无知,愚昧; 蒙;
i(= in- )不,无 + -gnor-知道 + -ance名词词尾
Some animals have been wiped out through ignorance.
(有些动物由于人们的无知而灭绝了。)
wipe
[waɪp]
v. 擦(干净); 消除,抹去;
n. 擦; (一次性)湿巾;
It might be better to keep her in ignorance of what has happened.
(不让她知道发生了什么事也许更好。)
聪明
lig有“绑”、“选”、“光”的意思,但是他们的来源完全不一样
lig, leg, lect=choose,gather,表示"选择,收集"
来源于拉丁文legere含义是“选择”。
lec ( let ,lic,lig) = to entice诱惑; 怂恿;
来自拉丁语的lec意为to entice,它的变形为let,
lig (li,leag,ly) = to bind,to tie 绑
词根lig来源于拉丁语 ligare 绑 / 约束;
同义词根
源于拉丁语的cinct,nect/nex,strain/strict/string/stress等
有来和来源于盎格鲁-撒克逊语的bond
lust(lig,light)=light(光)
源于拉丁语 lustrare 表示“光”
intelligent
[ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt]
adj. 聪慧的; 有才智的; 智能的;
intel-,在中间,来自inter-的变体,-leg,选择,选出,词源同collect,eligible.引申词义智力,才智,即聪明的,有才智的。
Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.
intelligence
[ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns]
n. 聪颖; 智力; 情报;
The children were given an intelligence test.
intelligently
[ɪn'telɪdʒəntlɪ]
adv. 聪明地;
The smart boy answered every question intelligently.
smart
[smɑːt]
adj. 聪明的; 敏捷的; 整洁的;
v. 感到刺痛;
diligence
[ˈdɪlɪdʒəns]
n. 勤奋,用功;
di-, 分开,散开,来自dis-变体。-lig, 选择,词源同collect, eligible. 即选出,甄选,引申为勤勉,勤奋。
辨析
bright 口语常用词,多指年轻人,尤指小孩思路敏捷,理解力强,机灵等。
clever 强调头脑灵活,接受新事物快,有智有谋,但不一定暗示全面妥当地考虑问题。
wise 侧重不是一般的聪明伶俐,而是有远见,有智慧,能明智地处理问题。
brilliant 指人的才华出众,思路敏捷,常令人赞叹不已。
intelligent 正式用词,指在理解新的、抽象东西或处理解决问题时,智力超过一般常人。
ingenious 指思路敏捷,并暗示有创造与发明的才能和技巧。
smart 普通用词,与bright和clever的意思很相近,但更强调机灵。
shrewd 指精明老练,有头脑,善于判断,把握有利机会。
some+
somehow
[ˈsʌmhaʊ]
adv. 以某种方式,用某种方法; 不知什么缘故,不知怎的;
somewhat
[ˈsʌmwɒt]
adv. 稍微;
somewhere
[ˈsʌmweə(r)]
adv. 某处,在某处; 在[到]某处; 不知道在[到]什么地方; 某地;
somewhen
['sʌmwen]
adv. 在某个时候; 某时;
someway
[ˈsʌmweɪ]
adv. 以某种方法,以某种方式;
something
[ˈsʌmθɪŋ]
pron. 某物,某事; (表示不确切的描述或数量)大致,左右; 想来重要(或值得注意)的事物;
adv. (与形容词连用)很,非常;
sometime
[ˈsʌmtaɪm]
adv. 将来某个时候; 过去某个时候; 改天; 来日;
adj. (指某人曾经是…)从前的,一度的; 某一时间的;
反对
pose
[pəʊz]
v. 摆姿势; 假装; 炫耀; 引起; 提问;
n. 姿势; 装腔作势;
op-对面 + -posit-放置 + -e
pos,post = to put,to place(放;置)
来源于拉丁语的ponere,来源于法文poser意为to place,to set,to put。
过去分词为positus。pausare(=to pause) 由“停止”演变成“使休息”。
同义词根有来源于拉丁语loc,sert,stal和来源于希腊语的
oppose
[əˈpəʊz]
v. 反对; 与…角逐;
op-对面 + -pos-放置 + -e → 置于相反位置或立场
opposite
[ˈɒpəzɪt]
prep. 在…的对面; 与…合演;
I sat opposite to him during the meal. (prep)
Our view is the opposite of yours.
(我们的意见与你们的相反。)
He sat opposite to her.
(他坐在她对面。)
The result was opposite to what we had expected.
(结果和我们所期望的相反。)
adj. 对面的; 截然相反的;
He lives in the house opposite to ours.
(他住在我们对面的那所房子里。)
The girl sitting opposite is a famous dancer. (adv)
She burst into the room through the opposite door.
(她从对面的那扇门冲进房间。)
There was an explosion opposite.
(对面发生了爆炸。)
In England you must drive on the opposite side of the road to the rest of Europe. (adj)
在英国,你必须在通往欧洲其他地方的道路的对面开车。(调整)
n. 对立物;
You are active, she is the opposite.
(你很活泼,她正相反。)
影响
effect
[ɪˈfekt]
n. 影响; 效果; 所有物; 特效;
v. 使发生,引起;
ef-, 向外。-fect, 做,词源同fact, affect. 即做出来的效果。
effective
[ɪˈfektɪv]
adj. 有效的; 实际的; 起作用的;
We have to take effective measures to control pollution.
(我们得采取有效措施控制污染。)
measure
[ˈmeʒə(r)]
v. 衡量; 测量; 量度为…; 估量;
n. 措施; 相当数量; 体现; 尺度; 判断; 度量单位; 标准量; 计量工具; (音乐的)小节;
I hope the medicine can be effective.
(我希望这药有效。)
证明
prove
[pruːv]
v. 原来是; 证实; 证明;
The method proved to be very effective.
He proved himself to be an excellent designer.
designer
[dɪˈzaɪnə(r)]
n. 设计者; 设计师;
adj. 时尚的; 标有设计师姓名的;
-prov-验证,证实 + -e
prob,prov = to test ,to try(试),to examine(试验)
来源于拉丁语 probare 尝试,词根 -prov- 是根据辅音的交替规律由 -prob- 变来的,属于单辅音交替,
异形同义词根有:-peri- / -tempt- / -tent- 试验
proven
[ˈpru:vn]
adj. 经过验证或证实的;
v. 证明( prove的过去分词 ); 检验,试验;
provable
[ˈpru:vəbl]
adj. 可证明的,可证实的;
approve
[əˈpruːv]
v. 赞成,同意; 批准,通过;
Intensive reading
TheAmerican consumer often feels constantly disturbed by insurance agents.(*)
考点:feels constantly disturbed
Yet few Americans really enjoy visiting with these eager, helpful men and women.
few 通常否定,意思是“很少的,几乎没有的”,
动词 enjoy 的后面跟名词或者动名词,不能跟动词不定式
He enjoys classical music.
(他喜欢古典音乐。)
She enjoys going to concerts.
(她喜欢赴音乐会。)
concert
[ˈkɒnsət]
n. 音乐会;
Painting is something that Mary really enjoys doing.
(画画是玛丽真正喜欢做的事。)
visit with 是美国用法,意思是“访问;在…处做客、逗留”
She will come and visit with you for a few weeks.
(她会来你这儿做客住上几个星期的。)
He hasn't visited with his uncle since 1990.
(他从 1990 年至今没有拜访过他叔叔。)
eager 是一个形容词,通常用于词组 be eager to do sth.
They are eager to get the information.
(他们急切地想得到那信息。)
The little boy was eager to tell his parents that he won the first prize.
(那个小男孩急切地想告诉父母他得了一等奖。)
prize
[praɪz]
n. 奖品; 非常珍贵的人/物;
adj. 可以获奖的; 优秀的;
v. 重视; 撬动; 竭力打探;
We are on guard when they visit our homes.
guard 这个词既可做名词用,也可做动词用。做名词用时,意思是“看守;守卫;警惕;”做动词用时,意思是“保卫,保护;看守。”
He works as a door guard for that company.
(他在那家公司做门警。)
They will give him an armed guard.
(他们会给他配备一队武装卫兵。)
I was immediately on guard when father mentioned that incident.
(父亲提起那件事,我就立刻提防起来。)
mention
[ˈmenʃn]
v. 谈及; 提到; 提名;
n. 提及; 提名表扬;
incident
[ˈɪnsɪdənt]
n. 事件,事变; 小插曲; 敌对行动; 骚乱;
Police were sent to guard his house.
(警察被派去守卫他的房子。)
She had been locked in her room and guarded day and night.
(她被锁在房间里日夜看守着。)
The old man told his son to guard against conceit.
(那位老人嘱咐他的儿子谨防骄傲。)
Three reasons why we are unwilling to discuss insurance can be suggested.
短语:be unwilling to do;
主要成份是:Three reasons can be suggested.
Why 引导的是一个定语从句,修 饰 reasons。
The reason why she refused my help is unknown.
(没人知道她拒绝我的帮助的原因。)
The room where Mary used to live has been painted blue.
(玛丽曾经住过的那个房间已被漆成了蓝色。)
The day when John came was cold.
(约翰来的那天很冷。)
We feel inadequate and try to hide our ignorance by avoiding discussions of insurance.
考点:feel inadequate; try to do; by avoiding;
These three reasons for not discussing insurance provide three excellent reasons why we should learn more about it.
分析:not discussing 是动名词的否定式。
主语:These three reasonsfor not discussing insurance;
谓语:provide;
宾语:three excellent reasons why we should learn more about it,包含一个 why引导的定语从句。
It is better that we plan for these situations by finding means to deal with them than to just hope that they will somehow go away.
正常语序:
That we plan for these situations by finding means to deal with them is better than tojust hope that they will somehow go away.
考点:better…than; deal with; plan for sth, by finding means
Insurance fundamentals can be understood by those willing to study them.
考点:can be understood; willing to study them 作定语修饰 those.
In effect, they pay as much for the insurance as they do for the car itself.
in effect 意思是“实质上;实际上”,如:
They have in effect been severely punished.
(他们实际上已受到严厉惩罚。)
severely
[sɪ'vɪə(r)li]
adv. 严格地; 严重地; 严厉地; 严肃地;
punish
[ˈpʌnɪʃ]
v. 处罚; 判罪; 责怪;
In effect, she has no choice.
(实际上她没有选择。)
What in effect I'm saying is that he couldn't keep his promise.
(我实质上要说的是,他不可能信守诺言。)
请注意 pay 和 spend 两个动词的用法:
He paid 100 yuan for that used bicycle.
(他出 100 元买那辆旧自行车。)
He spent 100 yuan on that used bike.
Insurance also reminds us that we live in an unsafe world.
remind sb. of sth.
I remind him of his promise.
(我提醒他许下的诺言。)
Her smile reminds me of her mother.
(她的微笑使我想起了她的母亲。)
remind sb. about sth.
Don't forget to remind him about the meeting.
(别忘记提醒他开会的事。)
He called to remind me about the return ticket.
(他打来电话提醒我回程票的事。)
remind sb. to do sth.
Remind me to turn off the computer.
(提醒我关电脑。)
Mother reminded him to air the quilt when it is fine.
(母亲提醒他天气好时晒晒被子。)
quilt
[kwɪlt]
n. 被子,棉被; 被状物;
v. 缝(被); 用垫料填塞后缝拢; 东拼西凑地做; 用摘抄等方法编辑;
vt. 东拼西凑地编; 加软衬料后缝制;
vi. 缝被子;
remind + 从句
I was reminded how his attitude had changed.
(我注意到他的态度改变了。)
Remind his that he has to go to the parents' meeting.
(提醒他去参加家长会。)
…in our hearts we hope that we might be spared.
spare 做形容词用时,意思是“多余的;空闲的;俭朴的”。
In his spare time he wrote some short stories.
(他用余暇写了一些短篇故事。)
Sorry, I don't have any spare cash. Can I write a check?
(对不起,我没有多余的现钱,我可以开支票吗?)
cash
[kæʃ]
n. 现金; 资金;
v. 兑现(支票);
check
[tʃek]
v. 检查; 查看; 核实; 控制; 抑制; 克制; 存放; 在…上打钩; 托运;
n. 检查; 账单; 支票; 调查; 阻碍; 条令; 约束; 记号; 方格图案; 存放处/牌; (国际象棋)将军;
He is keen on this spare lifestyle.
(他喜欢这种俭朴的生活。)
spare 用作动词,意思是“饶恕;使免遭”。
He begged them to spare his life.
(他求他们饶他一命。)
beg
[beɡ]
v. 恳求; 乞讨; (狗)用后腿站立; 请求原谅;
You may spare yourself the trouble.
(你不必找此麻烦。)
Call him and spare yourself a visit.
(给他打个电话,省得你自己跑一趟。)
spare 也可以表示“抽出时间;出让”。
Can you spare me 5 minutes?
(你能抽出 5 分钟时间给我吗?)
Spare me 50 yuan and I will return the money on payday.
(借给我 50 元钱,发工资那天我就还你。)
…We would rather talk about football or the weather or what we had for lunch.
world rather 后面应用动词的原形形式。
I would rather stay at home.
(我宁愿呆在家里。)
He would rather go and play football than go to the cinema.
(他宁愿去踢足球,而不愿去看电影。)
I would rather you didn't tell me the truth.
(我宁愿你没告诉我真话。)
在第三句中,would rather 后面跟的是从句,从句中的动词用虚拟语气形式。
what we had for lunch 意思是“午饭吃了什么”。
What did you have for breakfast?
(你早饭吃了什么?)
I had nothing but a cup of coffee for breakfast.
(早饭我只喝了一杯咖啡。)
Neither should we depend entirely on the agent when we buy insurance.
当否定词放在句首时,句子通常用倒装。“neither”开头,因此需要部分倒装。
Never in my life have I seen such a beautiful place.
(我一生中从没见过这么美丽的地方。)
Tom doesn't like pop music. Neither does his wife.
(汤姆不喜欢流行音乐,他妻子也不喜欢。)
In no case will he give up the experiment.
(无论如何他都不会放弃那个试验。)
Not only was he a teacher, but also a poet.
(他不仅是一位教师,还是一位诗人。)
It is better that we plan for these situations by finding means to deal with them than to just hope that they will somehow go away.
plan 一般可用作及物动词,而本句中的动词 plan 作不及物动词用。
We will plan our weekend at noon.
(中午时我们将安排周末的活动。)
I planned to go and meet him at the station.
(我打算去车站接他。)
We should plan for our future.
(我们应该筹划未来。)
deal with 意思是“处理,对付;论述”
This is a book dealing with the skills of reading, writing and speaking.
(这是一本论述读、写、说技能的书。)
The man is difficult to deal with.
(那人很难打交道。)
There will be a lot of difficulties to be dealt with when you start your own business.
(你开始自己做生意时会有许多困难要克服。)
Quite the opposite 本句的意思是“恰巧相反”,有时我们也可以用 just the opposite.
They are very excited. I am quite the opposite.
(他们很兴奋,我则恰好相反。)
构词法
英语中有不少以-ible,-able 为字尾的形容词,表 示“有能力”,“易做”,“适合”,“足以做…”的意思,而这些形容词的名词通常ity结尾:
possible--possibility
responsible--responsibility
probable--probability
available--availability
able--ability
feasible--feasibility