时态

英语时态知识思维导图，主要包括过去时，现在时，将来时三大时态。整理了其定义及用法，希望对你有所帮助。

时态

• 现在
  • 现在进行体（be doing）p136 v.表示持续动作
    • 说话时进行的动作()
      • v.持续动作的动态动词
        • 一般用法
        • 与一般现在时表长久含义相比，现在进行表暂时
          • He lives in Shanghai.(长久居住)
          • He is now living in..(暂时居住)
    • 现阶段一直进行的动作（说话时不一定）
      • 暂时性
        • ..., but I'm now teaching in a middle school.
      • 现阶段持续的事
        • He is working in a chemical factory these days(临时性).
        • 与频度状语使用表示感情色彩
          • always, continually, cinstantly, for ever.
            • She complaints about the house.
            • She is always complainting about the house.
    • 按计划近期即将发生的事
      • v.位移性动词
        • 句中或上下文中有时间依据
          • He is leaving China in a few days.
          • 时间状语，条件状语：If you are standing at the cornor,I'll give you...
    • 其他
      • 刚刚过去的动作
        • tell, talk, say, exaggerate...
          • You know I'm telling the truth
      • 婉转口气
        • hope wonder
          • I'm hoping you'll give...
  • 现在完成体（have/has+ed分词）
    • 动作完成与现在的情况有联系(已完成)
      • He turned off the light.
    • 未完成-常与时间状语连用
      • He's lived here since 1960s.
  • 现在完成进行体-have/has been =ing分词
    • 动作还将继续下去
      • I have been wrighting books for an hour.
    • 在说话时刚结束
    • 与过去时比较
      • 与现在有无联系-没有用一般过去和过去进行
        • has been living
        • lived
• 将来
• 过去
  • 过去进行体
    • 过去某时正在进行
      • What were you doing yesterday at seven p.m.?
    • 过去某种习惯性动作
      • 暂时性
        • He was getting up at five everyday that week.
      • 与频度词连用-感情色彩
        • My brother was always losing his heys.
    • 过去将来的动作
      • They were leaving a few days later
    • 表现在和将来
      • 婉转：hope want wonder(礼貌)
        • I hope you can send me some books.
      • 主观臆想-固定结构
        • I wish you were not talking so loudly.
        • I'd rather you were going at once.
        • It's time we were talking
        • if they were leaving tonight,I'd like to...
    • 与一般过去时比较
      • 已完成-未完成
        • I read/ was reading a book.
      • 事实-动作持续的时间
        • It rained/ was raining all night.
      • 动作持续短和长
      • 口语：过去进行内容随便，非故意
        • I was talking to Margaret the other day.
      • 动作的先后顺序
        • Whem we arrived, she was making some fresh coffee.
  • 过去完成和过去完成进行
    • 过去完成 had+ed
      • 未完成一直延续到过去并有可能继续下去
        • By six o'clock they had worked twelve hours.
      • 已完成在某时之前
        • He knew he had met her before.
    • 过去完成进行 had been +ing
      • 有明显的过去时间状语
      • 在 when, before, after, until的引导分句中
        • 时间先后
          • When I reached the station, the bus had already left.
      • 想象性(与过去时态相反)
        • If only,as if
        • I wish, I'd rather
        • except,think,mean,want,suppose过去未曾实现
          • I would rather you had told her the truth.
• 过去的过去
• 主题