AWL (Academic Word List（英汉-A-E)

这是一篇关于AWL (Academic Word List（英汉-A-E)的思维导图，主要包括abandon、abstract、academy、access、accommodate、accompany等单词的学习。

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• AWL (Academic Word List)（英汉-A-E）
  • AWL (Academic Word List)（英汉）
  • abandon 放弃；抛弃
    • ① (VERB) 离弃；遗弃；抛弃 If you abandon a place, thing, or person, you leave the place, thing, or person permanently or for a long time, especially when you should not do so.
      • especially① (ADV) 特别;尤其 You use especially to emphasize that what you are saying applies more to one person, thing, or area than to any others.
      • ● Millions of wild flowers colour the valleys, especially in April and May...
      • 尤其是在四五月份，不计其数的野花盛开，山谷里一片绚烂色彩。
      • ● Re-apply sunscreen every two hours, especially if you have been swimming.
      • 每两个小时重新涂一次防晒油，尤其是在游泳的时候。
      • ② (ADV) 格外;特别 You use especially to emphasize a characteristic or quality.
      • ● Babies lose heat much faster than adults, and are especially vulnerable to the cold in their first month.
      • 婴儿散热比成年人快得多，在出生后的头一个月特别容易感冒。
    • ● He claimed that his parents had abandoned him...
      • ① claimed(VERB) 声称;断言 If you say that someone claims that something is true, you mean they say that it is true but you are not sure whether or not they are telling the truth.
      • ● He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him...
      • 他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。
      • ● A man claiming to be a journalist threatened to reveal details about her private life...
      • 一个自称是记者的人威胁要公开有关她的私生活的细节。
      • ② (N-COUNT) 声称;断言 A claim is something which someone says which they cannot prove and which may be false.
      • ● He repeated his claim that the people of Trinidad and Tobago backed his action...
      • 他再次声称，特立尼达和多巴哥的人民支持他的行动。
      • ● He rejected claims that he had affairs with six women.
      • 他拒不承认他和6个女人有染的说法。
      • ③ (VERB) 声称(负有责任或享有功劳) If you say that someone claims responsibility or credit for something, you mean they say that they are responsible for it, but you are not sure whether or not they are telling the truth.
      • ● An underground organisation has claimed responsibility for the bomb explosion...
      • 一个地下组织已经声称对这起炸弹爆炸事件负责。
      • ● He was too modest to claim the credit.
      • 他太谦逊，不愿意邀功。
      • ④ (VERB) 索取，索要(有权拥有的东西) If you claim something, you try to get it because you think you have a right to it.
      • ● Now they are returning to claim what was theirs.
      • 如今他们回来索取本属于他们的东西。
      • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 主张;要求 A claim is a demand for something that you think you have a right to.
      • ● Rival claims to Macedonian territory caused conflict in the Balkans.
      • 多方主张拥有对马其顿的领土主权，结果在巴尔干地区引发了冲突。
      • ⑥ (VERB) 取得，获得，赢得(纪录、冠军或奖励) If someone claims a record, title, or prize, they gain or win it.
      • ● Zhuang claimed the record in 54.64 seconds...
      • 庄创下了54.64秒的纪录。
      • ● Steffi Graf claimed a fourth Wimbledon title in 1992.
      • 施特菲·格拉芙于1992年第4次赢得温布尔登桂冠。
      • ⑦ (N-COUNT) 权利;要求权 If you have a claim on someone or their attention, you have the right to demand things from them or to demand their attention.
      • ● She'd no claims on him now...
      • 现在他不欠她什么了。
      • ● He was surrounded by people, all with claims on his attention.
      • 他被人们团团围住，个个都要他把注意力放在自己身上。
      • ⑧ (VERB) 需要，要求(花时间或精力) If something or someone claims your attention, they need you to spend your time and effort on them.
      • ● There is already a long list of people claiming her attention.
      • 需要她关注的人已经很多了。
      • ⑨ (VERB) 索要，索取，申领(钱) If you claim money from the government, an insurance company, or another organization, you officially apply to them for it, because you think you are entitled to it according to their rules.
      • ● Some 25 per cent of the people who are entitled to claim State benefits do not do so...
      • 有权申领政府补贴的人当中，约有25%没有提出申请。
      • ● John had taken out redundancy insurance but when he tried to claim, he was refused payment...
      • 约翰办理过失业保险，可是当他去索赔时却遭拒付。
      • ⑩ (VERB) (向雇主)索要，索取，讨要(钱、福利) If you claim money or other benefits from your employers, you demand them because you think you deserve or need them.
      • ● The union claimed a pay rise worth four times the rate of inflation.
      • 工会要求按照通货膨胀率的4倍提高工资。
      • ⑪ (VERB) (战争、疾病、事故)夺去(生命)，导致(死亡) If you say that a war, disease, or accident claims someone's life, you mean that they are killed in it or by it.
      • ● The civil war claimed the life of a U.N. interpreter yesterday...
      • 昨天，内战夺去了一位联合国译员的生命。
      • ● Heart disease is the biggest killer, claiming 180,000 lives a year.
      • 心脏病是头号杀手，每年夺去18万条生命。
      • ⑫ (PHRASE) 成名之举；成名之作 Someone's claim to fame is something quite important or interesting that they have done or that is connected with them.
      • ● Barbara Follett's greatest claim to fame is that she taught Labour MPs how to look good on television.
      • 芭芭拉·福利特最出名的事就是她教工党议员如何在电视上拥有良好形象。
      • ⑬ (PHRASE) 声称拥有 If you lay claim to something you do not have, you say that it belongs to you.
      • ● Five Asian countries lay claim to the islands.
      • 5个亚洲国家声称对那些岛屿拥有主权。
    • 他声称父母遗弃了他。
    • ● The road is strewn with abandoned vehicles.
    • 道路上满是弃置的车辆。
    • ② (VERB) 中途放弃，中止（活动、工作等） If you abandon an activity or piece of work, you stop doing it before it is finished.
    • ● The authorities have abandoned any attempt to distribute food...
    • 当局中止了分发食物的尝试。
    • ● The scheme's investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon the project.
    • 因为担心破产，该计划的投资者决定放弃这个项目。
    • ③ (VERB) 放弃（想法或思路） If you abandon an idea or way of thinking, you stop having that idea or thinking in that way.
    • ● Logic had prevailed and he had abandoned the idea.
    • 最终理智占了上风，他打消了那个念头。
    • ④ (VERB) 放纵；使沉湎于 If you abandon yourself to an emotion, you think about it a lot and feel it strongly, especially when other people might think you are wrong to do so.
    • ● We are scared to abandon ourselves to our feelings in case we seem weak or out of control.
    • 我们不敢放纵自己的情感，以免显得太过软弱或缺乏自制。
    • ⑤ (N-UNCOUNT) 放任；放纵 If you say that someone does something with abandon, you mean that they behave in a wild, uncontrolled way and do not think or care about how they should behave.
    • ● He has spent money with gay abandon...
    • 他肆意挥霍钱财。
    • ● Their permissiveness toward their children reflects the wild abandon of their own lives.
    • 他们对孩子的放任折射出他们自身生活的放浪形骸。
    • ⑥ (PHRASE) （船舶下沉时）弃船 If people abandon ship, they get off a ship because it is sinking.
    • ● The officers and crew prepared to abandon ship in an orderly fashion.
    • 全体船员秩序井然地准备弃船。
  • abstract 抽象的；摘要
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 抽象的；纯概念的 An abstract idea or way of thinking is based on general ideas rather than on real things and events.
    • ● ...abstract principles such as justice...
    • 正义等抽象原则
    • ● It's not a question of some abstract concept.
    • 这不是某个抽象概念的问题。
    • ② (PHRASE) 大体上；理论上；抽象地 When you talk or think about something in the abstract, you talk or think about it in a general way, rather than considering particular things or events.
    • ● Money was a commodity she never thought about except in the abstract.
    • 钱对她来说就是个抽象的东西，她从不去想钱。
    • ③ (ADJ) （名词)抽象的，表示抽象概念的 In grammar, an abstract noun refers to a quality or idea rather than to a physical object.
    • ● ...abstract words such as glory, honor, and courage.
    • 抽象名词，如光荣、荣耀和勇气
    • ④ (ADJ-GRADED) （艺术)抽象（派）的 Abstract art makes use of shapes and patterns rather than showing people or things.
    • ● ...a modern abstract painting.
    • 一幅现代派抽象画
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 抽象派艺术作品 An abstract is an abstract work of art.
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) 摘要;梗概 An abstract of an article, document, or speech is a short piece of writing that gives the main points of it.
    • ⑦ (VERB) 提取；抽取；摘取 If you abstract something from a place, you take it from there.
    • ● ...a licence to abstract water from the River Axe...
    • 从阿克斯河中抽水的许可证
    • ● The author has abstracted poems from earlier books.
    • 作者从以前的书中摘取了一些诗作。
  • academy 研究院；学院；学会
    • ① (N-COUNT) 专科院校;学院;(美国的)私立中学 Academy is sometimes used in the names of schools and colleges, especially those specializing in particular subjects or skills, or private high schools in the United States.
    • ● ...the Royal Academy of Music.
    • 皇家音乐学院
    • ● ...her experience as a police academy instructor.
    • 她在警校当教官的经历
    • ② (N-IN-NAMES) （某一领域的）学会，研究院 Academy appears in the names of some societies formed to improve or maintain standards in a particular field.
    • ● ...the American Academy of Psychotherapists...
    • 美国心理治疗师学会
    • ● The British Academy of Film and Television Arts.
    • 英国电影和电视艺术学院
  • access 接近；入口
    • access
    • 英[ˈækses] 美[ˈækses]
    • n. 入口，通道；（使用或见到的）机会/权利
    • v. 访问，存取（计算机信息）；到达，进入，使用
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：accessed
    • 现在分词：accessing
    • 过去式：accessed
    • 第三人称单数：accesses
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The loft can be accessed by a ladder.
    • 搭梯子可以上阁楼。
    • 2.The police gained access through a broken window.
    • 警察从一扇破窗户里钻了进去。
    • 3.Students must have access to good resources.
    • 学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
  • accommodate 容纳；给…提供住宿；使适应
    • accommodate① (VERB) （有足够的空间）容纳，接纳 If a building or space can accommodate someone or something, it has enough room for them.
    • ● The school in Poldown was not big enough to accommodate all the children...
    • 波尔登的学校不够大，容不下所有的孩子。
    • ● The CD-ROMs will accommodate the works of all English poets from 600 to 1900.
    • 这些光盘能存下从公元600年到1900年所有英国诗人的作品。
    • ② (VERB) 为…提供住宿 To accommodate someone means to provide them with a place to live or stay.
    • ● ...a hotel built to accommodate guests for the wedding of King Alfonso...
    • 一家为接待前来参加阿方索国王婚礼的来宾而建的宾馆
    • ● Students are accommodated in homes nearby.
    • 学生被安置在附近的住家中。
    • ③ (VERB) 顾及；考虑到 If something is planned or changed to accommodate a particular situation, it is planned or changed so that it takes this situation into account.
    • ● The roads are built to accommodate gradual temperature changes...
    • 修建这些道路时考虑到了温度的逐渐变化。
    • ● The way that American history is taught may change in order to accommodate some more of those cultures.
    • 美国历史的授课方式可能会为了照顾到更多的文化而作改变。
    • ④ (VERB) 迎合；迁就 If you do something to accommodate someone, you do it with the main purpose of pleasing or satisfying them.
    • ● He has never put an arm around his wife to accommodate photographers...
    • 他从未为了迎合摄影师而搂住妻子。
    • ● He's already altered several of the proposals in his economic plan to accommodate demands of special interests.
    • 他已经改动了经济计划中的几项提议以迁就特殊利益集团的要求。
    • ⑤ (VERB) （调整以）适应 If you accommodate to something new, you change your behaviour or ideas so that you are able to deal with it.
    • ● Some animal and plant species cannot accommodate to the rapidly changing conditions...
    • 某些种类的动植物不能适应迅速变化的环境。
    • ● She walked slowly to accommodate herself to his pace.
    • 她走得很慢，以便与他保持一致的步伐。
  • accompany 陪伴；伴随
    • ① (VERB) 陪伴；陪同 If you accompany someone, you go somewhere with them.
    • ● Ken agreed to accompany me on a trip to Africa...
    • 肯答应陪我一起去非洲。
    • ● She was accompanied by her younger brother...
    • 她由弟弟陪着。
    • ② (VERB) 伴随；和…一起发生（或同时存在） If one thing accompanies another, it happens or exists at the same time, or as a result of it.
    • ● This volume of essays was designed to accompany an exhibition in Cologne...
    • 这本文集是为配合在科隆举办的一场展览而出的。
    • ● The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favour, accompanied by enthusiastic applause...
    • 在热烈的掌声中，提案以2比1的优势很快通过了表决。
    • ③ (VERB) 为（歌手或乐手）伴奏 If you accompany a singer or a musician, you play one part of a piece of music while they sing or play the main tune.
    • ● He sang and Alice accompanied him on the piano...
    • 他一边唱，艾丽斯一边为他钢琴伴奏。
    • ● We ended with Blake's Jerusalem, accompanied on the organ by Herbert Wiseman.
    • 在赫伯特·怀斯曼的风琴伴奏下，我们演唱了布莱克的《耶路撒冷》作为终曲。
  • accumulate 积累
    • ① (V-ERG) 堆积;积累;积聚 When you accumulate things or when they accumulate, they collect or are gathered over a period of time.
    • ● Households accumulate wealth across a broad spectrum of assets...
    • 家庭在以各种各样的资产形式积累财富。
    • ● Lead can accumulate in the body until toxic levels are reached.
    • 铅会在体内积聚直至造成铅中毒。
  • accurate 准确的
    • accurate
    • 英[ˈækjərət] 美[ˈækjərət]
    • adj. 正确的，精确的；精准的
    • 变形
    • 副词：accurately
    • 比较级：more accurate
    • 最高级：most accurate
    • 双语例句
    • 1.an accurate description/account/calculation
    • 准确的描述 / 叙述 / 计算
    • 2.accurate information/data
    • 正确无误的情报 / 资料
    • 3.Accurate records must be kept.
    • 必须保存准确的记录。
  • achieve 完成；取得
    • ① (VERB) （经努力）完成，达到，获得 If you achieve a particular aim or effect, you succeed in doing it or causing it to happen, usually after a lot of effort.
    • ● There are many who will work hard to achieve these goals...
    • 有志之士将会共同为实现这些目标而努力。
    • ● We have achieved what we set out to do.
    • 我们已经达成了原初的目标。
  • acknowledge 承认；致谢
    • ① (VERB) 承认（事实、局面等） If you acknowledge a fact or a situation, you accept or admit that it is true or that it exists.
    • ● Naylor acknowledged, in a letter to the judge, that he was a drug addict...
    • 内勒在给法官的信中承认自己吸毒。
    • ● Belatedly, the government has acknowledged the problem...
    • 政府迟迟才承认了该问题。
    • ② (VERB) 公认，认可（某人的成就、地位、品质等） If someone's achievements, status, or qualities are acknowledged, they are known about and recognized by a lot of people, or by a particular group of people.
    • ● He is also acknowledged as an excellent goalkeeper...
    • 他也被公认为是一名出色的守门员。
    • ● Some of the clergy refused to acknowledge the new king's legitimacy.
    • 一部分神职人员拒绝承认新国王的合法地位。
    • ③ (VERB) 告知（信函等）的收到;确认…收悉 If you acknowledge a message or letter, you write to the person who sent it in order to say that you have received it.
    • ● The army sent me a postcard acknowledging my request.
    • 军队寄给我一张明信片告知我的申请书已收到。
    • ④ (VERB) （以点头、微笑等）向…打招呼，理会 If you acknowledge someone, for example by moving your head or smiling, you show that you have seen and recognized them.
    • ● He saw her but refused to even acknowledge her.
    • 他看见了她，却连招呼也不打。
    • ⑤ (VERB) （对掌声、赞扬、好意等作出姿态表示）感谢 If you acknowledge someone's applause, compliments, or kindness you make a gesture in order to thank them or show your appreciation.
    • ● Doran stuck his head out of the window to acknowledge the cheering...
    • 多兰将头探出窗户向欢呼的人们致谢。
    • ● She never even acknowledged the man who opened the door for her...
    • 她对为自己开门的男士甚至连一点表示都没有。
  • acquire 获得
    • ① (VERB) 获得；购得 If you acquire something, you buy or obtain it for yourself, or someone gives it to you.
    • ● General Motors acquired a 50% stake in Saab for about $400m...
    • 通用汽车公司以大约4亿美元的价格购得了萨博汽车公司50%的股份。
    • ● I recently acquired some wood from a holly tree...
    • 最近我从一棵冬青树上弄了些木料。
    • ② (VERB) 获得（技能）；养成（习惯） If you acquire something such as a skill or a habit, you learn it, or develop it through your daily life or experience.
    • ● I've never acquired a taste for wine...
    • 我一向喝不惯葡萄酒。
    • ● Having read the book, she will be able to pass on the acquired knowledge to trainee teachers.
    • 读完此书，她便能将从书中所得传授给实习教师。
    • ③ (VERB) 获得，得到（某种名声） If someone or something acquires a certain reputation, they start to have that reputation.
    • ● He has acquired a reputation as this country's premier solo violinist.
    • 他已经赢得了该国首席小提琴独奏家的名誉。
    • ④ (PHRASE) 后天养成的爱好;培养出来的兴趣 If you describe something as an acquired taste, you mean that a lot of people do not like it when they first experience it, but often start to like it more when they get to know it better.
    • ● Broad beans are very much an acquired taste...
    • 要慢慢适应才能吃得惯蚕豆。
    • ● Living alone is an acquired taste.
    • 独处是一种修得的境界。
  • adapt 使适应；改编
    • adapt
    • 英[əˈdæpt] 美[ əˈdæpt]
    • v. （使）适应/适合；改编；改造
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：adapted
    • 现在分词：adapting
    • 过去式：adapted
    • 第三人称单数：adapts
    • 双语例句
    • 1.These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
    • 这些式样可以修改，以适应个人不同爱好。
    • 2.We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.
    • 我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
    • 3.A large organization can be slow to adapt to change.
    • 大机构可能应变迟缓。
  • adequate 足够的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 足够的；合格的；可用的 If something is adequate, there is enough of it or it is good enough to be used or accepted.
    • ● One in four people worldwide are without adequate homes...
    • 全世界有1/4的人没有个像样的家。
    • ● The old methods weren't adequate to meet current needs...
    • 老一套方法已不足以满足当前的需要。
  • adjacent 毗连的
    • adjacent
    • 英[əˈdʒeɪsnt] 美[əˈdʒeɪsnt]
    • adj. 邻近的；毗邻的
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The planes landed on adjacent runways.
    • 这些飞机在毗连的跑道上降落。
    • 2.Our farm land was adjacent to the river.
    • 我们的农田在河边。
    • 3.He sat in an adjacent room and waited...
    • 他坐在隔壁房间里等候。
  • adjust 调整
    • ① (VERB) 改变（行为或观点）以适应;调节;习惯 When you adjust to a new situation, you get used to it by changing your behaviour or your ideas.
    • ● We have been preparing our fighters to adjust themselves to civil society...
    • 我们一直在培训我们的战士，以使他们适应普通的社会生活。
    • ● I felt I had adjusted to the idea of being a mother very well...
    • 我感到自己已经完全接受了当妈妈的想法。
    • ② (VERB) 调整；调节 If you adjust something, you change it so that it is more effective or appropriate.
    • ● To attract investors, Panama has adjusted its tax and labour laws.
    • 为吸引投资者，巴拿马调整了税法和劳动法。
    • ③ (VERB) 整理（衣服）；校正，校准（机器） If you adjust something such as your clothing or a machine, you correct or alter its position or setting.
    • ● She adjusted her head scarf fussily...
    • 她小题大做地整了整头巾。
    • ● Liz adjusted her mirror and then edged the car out of its parking bay.
    • 莉兹调了调后视镜，将车子挪出了停车位。
    • ④ (V-ERG) （使）适应（光线变化） If you adjust your vi
  • administer 管理
    • ① (VERB) 治理，管理（国家等）；施行，实施（法律、考核等） If someone administers something such as a country, the law, or a test, they take responsibility for organizing and supervising it.
    • ● The plan calls for the UN to administer the country until elections can be held...
    • 该方案呼吁联合国来管理该国，直到能进行选举为止。
    • ● We hope that they're going to administer justice impartially...
    • 我们希望他们能主持正义，不偏不倚。
    • ② (VERB) 给予（病人药物） If a doctor or a nurse administers a drug, they give it to a patient.
    • ● Paramedics are trained to administer certain drugs.
    • 护理人员们接受了配发某些药物的培训。
    • ③ (VERB) 给以（一拳或一脚） If someone administers a punch or a kick, they punch or kick someone.
    • ● He is shown in the tape of the beating as administering most of the blows.
    • 录像显示在斗殴中他打得最凶。
  • adult 成年人
    • ① (N-COUNT) （法律意义上的）成年人 An adult is a mature, fully developed person. An adult has reached the age when they are legally responsible for their actions.
    • ● Becoming a father signified that he was now an adult...
    • 当了父亲意味着他已是个成年人了。
    • ● Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult.
    • 14岁以下的儿童必须由成人陪同。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 成年动物 An adult is a fully developed animal.
    • ● ...a pair of adult birds.
    • 一对成年鸟
    • ③ (ADJ) 成年的；属于成人的 Adult means relating to the time when you are an adult, or typical of adult people.
    • ● I've lived most of my adult life in London.
    • 我成年之后的大部分时间都是在伦敦度过的。
    • ④ (ADJ-GRADED) 成熟的；老成的 If you say that someone is adult about something, you think that they act in a mature, intelligent way, especially when faced with a difficult situation.
    • ● We were very adult about it. We discussed it rationally over a drink.
    • 在这件事上我们表现得很成熟。我们一边喝酒一边心平气和地谈了谈。
    • ● ...dealing with emerging sexuality in an adult way.
    • 平静对待出现的性征
    • ⑤ (ADJ) （涉及性内容的电影或书籍）仅限于成人的 You can describe things such as films or books as adult when they deal with sex in a very clear and open way.
    • ● ...an adult movie.
    • 成人电影
  • advocate 拥护者；拥护
    • ① (VERB) 拥护；提倡；主张 If you advocate a particular action or plan, you recommend it publicly.
    • ● Mr Williams is a conservative who advocates fewer government controls on business.
    • 威廉斯先生是个保守派，主张政府应减少对商业的控制。
    • ● ...the tax policy advocated by the Opposition.
    • 反对党提倡的税收政策
    • ② (N-COUNT) 拥护者；提倡者 An advocate of a particular action or plan is someone who recommends it publicly.
    • ● He was a strong advocate of free market policies and a multi-party system.
    • 他是自由市场政策和多党派制度的坚决拥护者。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 辩护律师 An advocate is a lawyer who speaks in favour of someone or defends them in a court of law.
    • ④ (N-COUNT) （为某一类人）谋利益者 An advocate for a particular group is a person who works for the interests of that group.
    • ● ...advocates for the homeless...
    • 为无家可归的人谋利益者
    • ● Animal rights advocates argue that zoos are really animal prisons and very often cruel.
    • 动物权利保护者指出动物园实际上是动物的牢笼，经常很残酷地对待动物。
  • affect 影响
    • ① (VERB) 影响;使改变 If something affects a person or thing, it influences them or causes them to change in some way.
    • ● Nicotine adversely affects the functioning of the heart and arteries...
    • 尼古丁会对心脏及动脉功能造成损害。
    • ● More than seven million people have been affected by drought.
    • 已有超过700万的民众受到旱灾的影响。
    • ② (VERB) （疾病）侵袭，感染 If a disease affects someone, it causes them to become ill.
    • ● Arthritis is a crippling disease which affects people all over the world.
    • 关节炎是一种会危害全人类健康的致残性疾病。
    • ③ (VERB) （感情上）打动，震动，使悲伤（或怜悯） If something or someone affects you, they make you feel a strong emotion, especially sadness or pity.
    • ● The divorce affected Jim deeply...
    • 离婚对吉姆打击很大。
    • ● Gregor loved his sister, and her loss clearly still affects him.
    • 格雷戈尔爱他的姐姐，她的去世显然仍令他悲伤不已。
    • ④ (VERB) 假装；佯装；装出…的样子 If you affect a particular characteristic or way of behaving, you pretend that it is genuine, or natural for you.
    • ● He listened to them, affecting an amused interest...
    • 他装作饶有兴致地听他们说话。
    • ● Ms. Redgrave affects a heavy Italian accent.
    • 雷德格雷夫女士假装带有浓重的意大利口音。
  • aggregate 总的；总计
    • ① (ADJ) 总计的；合计的 An aggregate amount or score is made up of several smaller amounts or scores added together.
    • ● The rate of growth of GNP will depend upon the rate of growth of aggregate demand...
    • 国民生产总值的增长率将取决于总需求的增长率。
    • ● England have beaten the Welsh three times in succession with an aggregate score of 83-12.
    • 英格兰队已经连续3次打败威尔士队，总比分为83比12。
    • ② (N-COUNT) （人或事物的）集合，集合体 An aggregate is a number of people or things that are being considered as a single thing.
    • ● ...society viewed as an aggregate of individuals.
    • 被看成个体集合的社会
    • ③ (VERB) 合计;总计;汇集 If amounts or things are aggregated, they are added together and considered as a single amount or thing.
    • ● Different economies, with different currencies, should not be aggregated to produce uniform policies...
    • 不同的经济有着不同的货币，不应该视为一体以制定出统一的政策。
    • ● We should never aggregate votes to predict results under another system.
    • 我们绝对不可将选票相加来预测另一种制度下的选举结果。
    • ④ (PHRASE) 整体上;总共;作为总体 If a number of different things or amounts are considered in aggregate, or in the aggregate, they are considered as a single thing or amount.
    • ● Expenses are deductible only to the extent that in aggregate they exceed 7 percent of gross income.
    • 只有在消费总额超过总收入的7%时才可免税。
    • ⑤ (PHRASE) 总得分 If one team beats another on aggregate, it wins because it has a higher total score than the other team after a series of games.
    • ● United won 5-3 on aggregate.
    • 联队以总比分5比3胜出。
  • aid 帮助
    • aid
    • 英[eɪd] 美[eɪd]
    • n. 援助，帮助；辅助设备
    • v. 援助，资助；促进，有助于
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：aided
    • 现在分词：aiding
    • 过去式：aided
    • 复数：aids
    • 第三人称单数：aids
    • 双语例句
    • 1.economic/humanitarian/emergency aid
    • 经济 / 人道主义 / 紧急援助
    • 2.An extra £10 million in foreign aid has been promised.
    • 额外的1 000万英镑外国援助款项已得到保证。
    • 3.aid agencies (= organizations that provide help)
    • 救援机构
  • albeit 虽然
    • albeit
    • 英[ˌɔːlˈbiːɪt] 美[ˌɔːlˈbiːɪt]
    • conj. 虽然；即使
    • 双语例句
    • 1.He finally agreed, albeit reluctantly, to help us.
    • 尽管勉强，他最后还是同意帮助我们。
    • 2.Charles's letter was indeed published, albeit in a somewhat abbreviated form.
    • 尽管有所删节，查尔斯的信确实被刊登出来了。
    • 3.It continues to edge up , albeit a slowing pace.
    • 尽管增速缓慢,该指数继续微升.
  • allocate 分派
    • ① (VERB) 分配；分派；划拨 If one item or share of something is allocated to a particular person or for a particular purpose, it is given to that person or used for that purpose.
    • ● Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first...
    • 票数有限，先申请者先得。
    • ● The 1985 federal budget allocated $7.3 billion for development programmes...
    • 1985年的联邦预算将73亿美元拨给了开发项目。
    • allocate
    • 英[ˈæləkeɪt] 美[ˈæləkeɪt]
    • v. 分配，分派；划拨
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：allocated
    • 现在分词：allocating
    • 过去式：allocated
    • 第三人称单数：allocates
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The project is being allocated more resources.
    • 这个项目正获得更多的资源。
    • 2.More resources are being allocated to the project.
    • 正在调拨更多的资源给这个项目。
    • 3.A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library.
    • 已划拨了一大笔款子给图书馆购买新书。
  • alter 改变
    • ① (V-ERG) 改变；变更；更改 If something alters or if you alter it, it changes.
    • ● Little had altered in the village...
    • 村子里几乎没有什么变化。
    • ● They have never altered their programmes by a single day.
    • 他们一天也未变更过他们的节目。
  • alternative 替代物；替代的
    • alternative
    • 英[ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv] 美[ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv]
    • n. 可供选择的事物
    • adj. 替代的，备选的；另类的
    • 变形
    • 复数：alternatives
    • 双语例句
    • 1.alternative comedy/lifestyles/values
    • 非传统喜剧 / 生活方式 / 价值观
    • 2.alternative energy (= electricity or power that is produced using the energy from the sun, wind, water, etc.)
    • 替代能源（指太阳能、风能、水能等）
    • 3.You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.
    • 你的工资可以按周以现金支取，或按月以支票支取。二者可选其一。
  • ambiguous 模棱两可的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 含糊不清的;不明确的;模棱两可的 If you describe something as ambiguous, you mean that it is unclear or confusing because it can be understood in more than one way.
    • ● This agreement is very ambiguous and open to various interpretations...
    • 这份协议非常含糊，可以有多种解释。
    • ● The Foreign Secretary's remarks clarify an ambiguous statement issued earlier this week.
    • 外交大臣的话对本周较早时候发表的一份模棱两可的声明作出了澄清。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 暧昧不清的；不协调的；捉摸不定的 If you describe something as ambiguous, you mean that it contains several different ideas or attitudes that do not fit well together.
    • ● Students have ambiguous feelings about their role in the world.
    • 学生们对于自己在这个世界上的角色认识模糊不清。
  • amend 修订
    • amend
    • 英[əˈmend] 美[əˈmend]
    • v. 修正，修订
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：amended
    • 现在分词：amending
    • 过去式：amended
    • 第三人称单数：amends
    • 双语例句
    • 1.He asked to see the amended version.
    • 他要求看修订本。
    • 2.'You must admit that the man has got charm,' said Nicolson. 'Glamour,' amended Wells.
    • “你必须承认这个男人有魅力，”尼科尔森说。“是诱惑力，”韦尔斯纠正说。
    • 3.He wanted to make amends for causing their marriage to fail.
    • 他导致了他们的婚姻破裂，因此想作出补偿。
  • analogy 类似；类推
    • ① (N-COUNT) 相似；类似；类推；类比 If you make or draw an analogy between two things, you show that they are similar in some way.
    • ● It is probably easier to make an analogy between the courses of the planets, and two trains travelling in the same direction.
    • 将行星的运行比作两列火车朝同一方向行驶可能更容易些。
  • analyze 分析
    • analyze
    • 英['ænəlaɪz] 美[ˈænəˌlaɪz]
    • v. 分析；分解；化验
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：analyzed
    • 现在分词：analyzing
    • 过去式：analyzed
    • 第三人称单数：analyzes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.We address and analyze issues such as the side effect and ambiguity in Han folding.
    • 我们提出并分析汉字摺叠产生的副作用及语意模棱两可的课题.
    • 2.Analyze business transactions and relate them to changes in the balance sheet.
    • 分析经济业务并把它们与引起的资产负债表的变化联系起来.
    • 3.An elastoplastic shear strength reduction FEM is used to analyze the stability of excavation slope.
    • 用强度折减有限元方法对开挖边坡的稳定性进行了较为全面的研究.
  • annual 每年的；年鉴
    • ① (ADJ) 一年一次的；每年的 Annual events happen once every year.
    • ● ...the annual conference of Britain's trade union movement...
    • 英国工会运动的年会
    • ● In its annual report, UNICEF says at least 40,000 children die every day.
    • 在其年度报告中，联合国儿童基金会称每天至少有4万名儿童死亡。
    • ② (ADJ) 年度的;全年的 Annual quantities or rates relate to a period of one year.
    • ● Annual costs, tuition and fees, £6,600...
    • 每年的花销、学费和各项杂费6,600英镑。
    • ● The electronic and printing unit has annual sales of about $80 million.
    • 电子印刷部门每年销售额约为8,000万美元。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 年刊;年报;年鉴 An annual is a book or magazine that is published once a year.
    • ● I looked for Wyman's picture in my high-school annual...
    • 我在中学年刊中寻找怀曼的照片。
    • ● He tried the various almanacs, annuals and gazettes which were held in the library.
    • 他试着在图书馆里找过各种历书、年鉴和报纸。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 一年生植物 An annual is a plant that grows and dies within one year.
    • ● The simplest way to deal with these hardy annuals is to sow them where they are to flower.
    • 处理这些一年生耐寒植物最简单的办法是将他们种在能开花的地方。
  • anticipate 预料
    • anticipate
    • 英[ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt] 美[ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt]
    • v. 预期；预计；期盼；先于…做
    • 变形
    • 形容词：anticipatory
    • 过去分词：anticipated
    • 现在分词：anticipating
    • 过去式：anticipated
    • 第三人称单数：anticipates
    • 双语例句
    • 1.We eagerly anticipated the day we would leave school.
    • 我们迫切地期盼着毕业离校的那一天。
    • 2.When Scott reached the South Pole he found that Amundsen had anticipated him.
    • 斯科特到达南极时发现阿蒙森已先到过那里。
    • 3.(formal)a fast anticipatory movement by the goalkeeper
    • 守门员的快速预期动作
  • apparent 明显的
    • ① (ADJ) 貌似的；表面上的；似乎真实的 An apparent situation, quality, or feeling seems to exist, although you cannot be certain that it does exist.
    • ● I was a bit depressed by our apparent lack of progress...
    • 我对我们看似缓慢的进展感到有些沮丧。
    • ● There is at last an apparent end to the destructive price war.
    • 这场惨烈的价格战貌似终于结束了。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 明显的；显而易见的 If something is apparent to you, it is clear and obvious to you.
    • ● It has been apparent that in other areas standards have held up well...
    • 显然，这些标准在其他地区执行得很好。
    • ● The presence of a star is already apparent in the early film.
    • 在早期影片中已经显露出了明星相。
    • ③ (PHRASE) 原因不明；不知何故 If you say that something happens for no apparent reason, you cannot understand why it happens.
    • ● The person may become dizzy for no apparent reason.
    • 这类人可能会莫名其妙地感到头晕。
  • append 附加
    • ① (VERB) （尤指在文章的末尾）附加，增补 When you append something to something else, especially a piece of writing, you attach it or add it to the end of it.
    • ● Violet appended a note at the end of the letter...
    • 维奥莱特在信的末尾附加了一条备注。
    • ● It was a relief that his real name hadn't been appended to the manuscript.
    • 令人庆幸的是，手稿未落上他的真实姓名。
  • appreciate 欣赏；感激
    • ① (VERB) 欣赏；鉴赏；赏识 If you appreciate something, for example a piece of music or good food, you like it because you recognize its good qualities.
    • ● Anyone can appreciate our music...
    • 任何人都能欣赏我们的音乐。
    • ● In time you'll appreciate the beauty and subtlety of this language.
    • 总有一天你会体会到这门语言的优美和微妙之处。
    • ② (VERB) 领会；了解；认识 If you appreciate a situation or problem, you understand it and know what it involves.
    • ● She never really appreciated the depth and bitterness of the Irish conflict...
    • 她从来没有真正认识到爱尔兰矛盾的深刻和激烈。
    • ● He appreciates that co-operation with the media is part of his professional duties.
    • 他懂得与媒体合作是自己工作职责的一部分。
    • ③ (VERB) 感谢;感激 If you appreciate something that someone has done for you or is going to do for you, you are grateful for it.
    • ● Peter stood by me when I most needed it. I'll always appreciate that...
    • 当我最需要的时候，彼得在我身边支持我。我将永存感激。
    • ● Thanks, lads. I appreciate it...
    • 谢了，哥们儿。我很感激。
    • ④ (VERB) 升值；增值 If something that you own appreciates over a period of time, its value increases.
    • ● They don't have any confidence that houses will appreciate in value.
    • 他们完全不相信房子会升值。
  • approach 靠近；方法
    • ① (VERB) 靠近;接近;走近 When you approach something, you get closer to it.
    • ● He didn't approach the front door at once...
    • 他没有马上走向前门。
    • ● When I approached, they grew silent...
    • 当我走近时，他们就不说话了。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 路径;途径;道路 An approach to a place is a road, path, or other route that leads to it.
    • ● The path serves as an approach to the boat house.
    • 这条小路通往船屋。
    • ③ (VERB) 与…接洽；找…商量 If you approach someone about something, you speak to them about it for the first time, often making an offer or request.
    • ● When Chappel approached me about the job, my first reaction was of disbelief...
    • 当查普尔为这份工作找我商量时，我的第一反应是不相信。
    • ● He approached me to create and design the restaurant...
    • 他请我建造并设计该饭店。
    • ④ (VERB) 探讨；处理；对待 When you approach a task, problem, or situation in a particular way, you deal with it or think about it in that way.
    • ● The Bank has approached the issue in a practical way...
    • 银行已经实际解决了这个问题。
    • ● Employers are interested in how you approach problems.
    • 雇主们对你如何处理问题感兴趣。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 方法;态度;手段 Your approach to a task, problem, or situation is the way you deal with it or think about it.
    • ● We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.
    • 我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。
    • ● ...the adversarial approach of the British legal system.
    • 英国法律制度采用的辩论式审判模式
    • ⑥ (VERB) 临近；来临 As a future time or event approaches, it gradually gets nearer as time passes.
    • ● As autumn approached, the plants and colours in the garden changed.
    • 秋天临近，花园中的草木和颜色也发生了变化。
    • ● ...the approaching crisis.
    • 步步逼近的危机
    • ⑦ (VERB) 接近（未来时间或事件） As you approach a future time or event, time passes so that you get gradually nearer to it.
    • ● We approach the end of the year with the economy slowing and little sign of cheer.
    • 接近年末时，我们面临经济迟滞、处处萧条的局面。
    • ⑧ (VERB) 近似；接近于 If something approaches a particular level or state, it almost reaches that level or state.
    • ● Oil prices have approached their highest level for almost ten years...
    • 石油价格已接近近10年中的最高水平。
    • ● Mansell will race at average speeds approaching 200mph.
    • 曼塞尔将以接近每小时200英里的平均车速参赛。
  • appropriate 恰当的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 适当的;合适的;恰当的 Something that is appropriate is suitable or acceptable for a particular situation.
    • ● It is appropriate that Irish names dominate the list...
    • 名单上大部分是爱尔兰名字，这没什么不合适的。
    • ● Dress neatly and attractively in an outfit appropriate to the job...
    • 着装要整洁美观，适合于这份工作。
    • ② (VERB) 私占；侵吞；盗用；挪用 If someone appropriates something which does not belong to them, they take it, usually without the right to do so.
    • ● Several other newspapers have appropriated the idea...
    • 另外有几家报社已盗用了这个创意。
    • ● The land was simply appropriated by the rulers.
    • 土地完全被统治者霸占。
    • ③ (VERB) 拨出（专款） If a government or organization appropriates an amount of money for a particular purpose, it reserves it for that purpose.
    • ● Senator Lugar is skeptical that Congress will appropriate more funding for this purpose.
    • 参议员卢格怀疑国会是否会拨出更多资金用于此目的。
  • approximate 近似的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 大约的；大概的 An approximate number, time, or position is close to the correct number, time, or position, but is not exact.
    • ● The approximate cost varies from around £150 to £250...
    • 费用大概介于150至250英镑之间。
    • ● The times are approximate only.
    • 这些只是大致的时间。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 近似的；粗略的 An idea or description that is approximate is not intended to be precise or accurate, but to give some indication of what something is like.
    • ● They did not have even an approximate idea what the Germans really wanted.
    • 他们完全不清楚德国人真正想要什么。
    • ③ (VERB) 近似于 If something approximates to something else, it is similar to it but is not exactly the same.
    • ● Something approximating to a fair outcome will be ensured...
    • 保证会有大致公正的结果。
    • ● By about 6 weeks of age, most babies begin to show something approximating a day/night sleeping pattern.
    • 到6个星期大时，大多数婴儿开始表现出近似于日夜分明的睡觉模式。
  • arbitrary 任意的；专断的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 武断的;任意的;任性的;主观的 If you describe an action, rule, or decision as arbitrary, you think that it is not based on any principle, plan, or system. It often seems unfair because of this.
    • ● Arbitrary arrests and detention without trial were common.
    • 随意逮捕和拘留屡见不鲜。
  • area 面积；地区；领域
    • ① (N-COUNT) 地区;区域 An area is a particular part of a town, a country, a region, or the world.
    • ● ...the large number of community groups in the area...
    • 该地区大量的社团
    • ● 60 years ago half the French population still lived in rural areas.
    • 60年前有一半法国人仍然生活在乡村地区。
    • ② (N-COUNT) （生活、管辖的）范围，区域 Your area is the part of a town, country, or region where you live. An organization's area is the part of a town, country, or region that it is responsible for.
    • ● Local authorities have been responsible for the running of schools in their areas...
    • 地方当局一直负责管理本地区的学校。
    • ● If there is an election in your area, you should go and vote.
    • 如果你所居住的地区进行选举，你应该去参加投票。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) （作特殊用途的）地方，场地，区 A particular area is a piece of land or part of a building that is used for a particular activity.
    • ● ...a picnic area.
    • 野餐区
    • ● ...the main check-in area located in Terminal 1.
    • 位于1号候机厅的主检票区
    • ④ (N-COUNT) （某一表面或物体上的）区；（身体上的）部分 An area is a particular place on a surface or object, for example on your body.
    • ● You will notice that your baby has two soft areas on the top of his head.
    • 你会注意到你的宝宝头顶上有两处柔软的地方。
    • ⑤ (N-VAR) 面积 The area of a surface such as a piece of land is the amount of flat space or ground that it covers, measured in square units.
    • ● The islands cover a total area of 625.6 square kilometers...
    • 这些岛屿总面积为625.6平方公里。
    • ● Although large in area, the flat did not have many rooms.
    • 这套公寓虽然面积很大，但并没有太多房间。
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) 领域；方面；范围 You can use area to refer to a particular subject or topic, or to a particular part of a larger, more general situation or activity.
    • ● ...the politically sensitive area of old age pensions.
    • 有关养老金的政治敏感话题
    • ● ...the internationalization of the economy and all other areas of society...
    • 社会的经济和其他领域的国际化
    • ⑦ (N-COUNT) （足球场上）同penalty area On a football pitch, the area is the same as the penalty area.
  • aspect 方面
    • ① (N-COUNT) 方面;形态;特性 An aspect of something is one of the parts of its character or nature.
    • ● Climate and weather affect every aspect of our lives...
    • 气候和天气影响着我们生活的方方面面。
    • ● He was interested in all aspects of the work here...
    • 他对这里工作的所有方面都感兴趣。
    • ② (N-COUNT) （建筑物或窗的）朝向，方向 The aspect of a building or window is the direction in which it faces.
    • ● The house had a south-west aspect.
    • 这幢房子面向西南。
    • ③ (N-SING) （事物的）外观,样子,特征 If something begins to have a new aspect, it begins to have a new appearance or quality.
    • ● Our journey had taken on a new aspect. The countryside was no longer familiar...
    • 我们所到之地呈现出一派新景象。乡村变得不再熟悉。
    • ● The snowy street, like the church, assumed a dumb, lifeless aspect.
    • 积雪覆盖的街道就像教堂一样，显得沉闷、毫无生气。
    • ④ (N-UNCOUNT) （语法中动词的）体 In grammar, aspect is the way that a verb group shows whether an activity is continuing, is repeated, or is completed. For example, in 'They were laughing', the verb is in the progressive aspect and shows that the action was continuing.
  • assemble 集合；装配
    • ① (V-ERG) （使）集合;（使）聚集;（使）集会 When people assemble or when someone assembles them, they come together in a group, usually for a particular purpose such as a meeting.
    • ● There wasn't even a convenient place for students to assemble between classes...
    • 在课间，学生们连一个方便凑在一起的地方都没有。
    • ● Thousands of people, mainly Zulus, assembled in a stadium in Thokoza...
    • 数以千计的人，主要是祖鲁族人，聚集在托考查的一个体育场里。
    • ② (VERB) 集合;组装;装配 To assemble something means to collect it together or to fit the different parts of it together.
    • ● Greenpeace managed to assemble enough boats to waylay the ship at sea...
    • 绿色和平组织设法聚集起足够数量的小船在海上拦截该船。
    • ● She had been trying to assemble the bomb when it went off in her arms...
    • 在她试图组装炸弹时，炸弹在她怀里爆炸了。
  • assess 估价；评价
    • assess
    • 英[əˈses] 美[əˈses]
    • v. 评估；估价；估算
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：assessed
    • 现在分词：assessing
    • 过去式：assessed
    • 第三人称单数：assesses
    • 双语例句
    • 1.Damage to the building was assessed at £40 000.
    • 该建筑物的损失估定为4万英镑。
    • 2.It's difficult to assess the effects of these changes.
    • 这些变化带来的效果难以评估。
    • 3.to assess a patient's needs
    • 判定病人的需要
  • assign 分派
    • ① (VERB) 分派（工作）；布置（作业） If you assign a piece of work to someone, you give them the work to do.
    • ● When I taught, I would assign a topic to children which they would write about...
    • 我教课时会给孩子们布置一个题目，让他们就这个题目写点东西。
    • ● Later in the year, she'll assign them research papers...
    • 今年晚些时候，她将给他们指定研究论文。
    • ② (VERB) 分配;配给 If you assign something to someone, you say that it is for their use.
    • ● The selling broker is then required to assign a portion of the commission to the buyer broker...
    • 卖方经纪人须随后将部分佣金分给买方经纪人。
    • ● He assigned her all his land in Ireland.
    • 他把自己在爱尔兰的所有土地都转给了她。
    • ③ (VERB) 委派;派往;指派 If someone is assigned to a particular place, group, or person, they are sent there, usually in order to work at that place or for that person.
    • ● I was assigned to Troop A of the 10th Cavalry...
    • 我被派往第10骑兵队的A连。
    • ● Did you choose Russia or were you simply assigned there?...
    • 你是自己选择去的俄罗斯还是就是被派到那里的？
    • ④ (VERB) 赋予，给予（功能或价值） If you assign a particular function or value to someone or something, you say they have it.
    • ● Under Mr. Harel's system, each business must assign a value to each job...
    • 根据哈雷尔先生的体系，每个企业必须赋予每份工作一定的价值。
    • ● Assign the letters of the alphabet their numerical values — A equals 1, B equals 2, etc.
    • 给字母表里的每个字母赋予相应的数值——A等于1，B等于2，等等。
  • assist 援助
    • ① (VERB) 帮助，协助(完成工作) If you assist someone, you help them to do a job or task by doing part of the work for them.
    • ● Julia was assisting him to prepare his speech...
    • 朱莉娅正在帮他准备讲演稿。
    • ● The family decided to assist me with my chores...
    • 全家人决定帮助我做家务。
    • ② (VERB) （提供信息、意见或金钱）帮助，援助 If you assist someone, you give them information, advice, or money.
    • ● The public is urgently requested to assist police in tracing this man...
    • 紧急要求公众帮助警方追踪此人。
    • ● Foreign Office officials assisted with transport and finance problems...
    • 外交部官员帮助解决运输和经费问题。
    • ③ (VERB) 有助于;促进 If something assists in doing a task, it makes the task easier to do.
    • ● ...a chemical that assists in the manufacture of proteins...
    • 有助于生成蛋白质的一种化学物质
    • ● Here are some good sources of information to assist you in making the best selection...
    • 这里是一些有价值的信息来源，可以帮助你作出最佳选择。
  • assume 假设；认为；承担
    • assume
    • 英[əˈsjuːm] 美[əˈsuːm]
    • v. 假设，认为；承担（责任）；获得（权利）；呈现；假装
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：assumed
    • 现在分词：assuming
    • 过去式：assumed
    • 第三人称单数：assumes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.He assumed an air of concern.
    • 他装出关心的样子。
    • 2.In the story the god assumes the form of an eagle.
    • 在这个故事中神以鹰的形象出现。
    • 3.This matter has assumed considerable importance.
    • 这件事看来相当重要。
  • assure 保证
    • assure
    • 英[əˈʃʊə(r)] 美[əˈʃʊr]
    • v. 使确信；查明；人寿保险
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：assured
    • 现在分词：assuring
    • 过去式：assured
    • 第三人称单数：assures
    • 双语例句
    • 1.This may sound trivial, but I assure you it is quite important!
    • 这听上去也许微不足道，但是，相信我，它十分重要！
    • 2.Mr Brownson, I assure you King's an old enemy of mine.
    • 布朗森先生，我向你保证金是我的老冤家。
    • 3.He hastened to assure us that the press would not be informed.
    • 他急忙向我们保证新闻界是不会知道的.
  • attach 贴；附加
    • attach
    • 英[əˈtætʃ] 美[əˈtætʃ]
    • v. 把…固定；附上，附加；缠着；重视；附属，赋予；有关系
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：attached
    • 现在分词：attaching
    • 过去式：attached
    • 第三人称单数：attaches
    • 双语例句
    • 1.This does not attach any blame to you.
    • 这事你一点责任也没有。
    • 2.Attach the coupon to the front of your letter.
    • 把优惠券附在信的正面。
    • 3.I attach a copy of my notes for your information.
    • 我附上笔记一份供你参考。
  • attain 达到；获得
    • attain
    • 英[əˈteɪn] 美[əˈteɪn]
    • v. 获得；达到
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：attained
    • 现在分词：attaining
    • 过去式：attained
    • 第三人称单数：attains
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The cheetah can attain speeds of up to 97 kph.
    • 猎豹的奔跑速度每小时可达97公里。
    • 2.Most of our students attained five ‘A ’ grades in their exams.
    • 我们多数学生的考试成绩是五个优。
    • 3.Jim is halfway to attaining his pilot's licence.
    • 吉姆就快要拿到飞行员执照了。
  • attitude 态度
    • attitude
    • 英[ˈætɪtjuːd] 美[ˈætɪtuːd]
    • n. 态度，看法；姿势；我行我素的作风
    • 变形
    • 复数：attitudes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.Her hands were folded in an attitude of prayer.
    • 她双手合拢成祈祷姿势。
    • 2.a band with attitude
    • 一味只顾自我陶醉的乐队
    • 3.You'd better get rid of that attitude and shape up, young man.
    • 年轻人，你最好改掉那种态度，学学好。
  • attribute 归结于；性质
    • attribute
    • 英[əˈtrɪbjuːt] 美[ əˈtrɪbjuːt]
    • v. 把...归因于；认为是…所为
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：attributed
    • 现在分词：attributing
    • 名词：attribution
    • 过去式：attributed
    • 复数：attributes
    • 第三人称单数：attributes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
    • 耐心是教师最重要的品质之一。
    • 2.[不可数名词]The attribution of this painting to Rembrandt has never been questioned.
    • 这幅画是伦勃朗所作从未有人怀疑。
    • 3.This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare.
    • 人们通常认为这出戏剧是莎士比亚所写。
  • author 作者；创始人
    • author
    • 英[ˈɔːθə(r)] 美[ˈɔːθər]
    • n. 作者；作家；发起人
    • v. 创作，撰写
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：authored
    • 现在分词：authoring
    • 过去式：authored
    • 复数：authors
    • 第三人称单数：authors
    • 双语例句
    • 1.Who is your favourite author?
    • 你最喜欢哪位作家？
    • 2.He is the author of three books on art.
    • 他写了三本艺术专著。
    • 3.best-selling author Joan Collins
    • 畅销书作家琼∙柯林斯
  • authority 当局；权威
    • ① (N-PLURAL) 当局;官方;当权者 The authorities are the people who have the power to make decisions and to make sure that laws are obeyed.
    • ● This provided a pretext for the authorities to cancel the elections...
    • 这给当局取消此次选举提供了借口。
    • ● The prison authorities have been criticised for not moving more quickly to end the protest by inmates.
    • 监狱当局因没有尽快采取行动制止犯人抗议而受到批评。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 行政管理机构 An authority is an official organization or government department that has the power to make decisions.
    • ● ...the Health Education Authority...
    • 卫生教育局
    • ● Any alterations had to meet the approval of the local planning authority.
    • 任何改建都要取得当地规划机构的批准。
    • ③ (N-UNCOUNT) 权力；权限；职权 Authority is the right to command and control other people.
    • ● Local police chiefs should re-emerge as figures of authority and reassurance in their areas...
    • 各地警察局局长应当重树其维护辖区安定的执法者形象。
    • ● The judge had no authority to order a second trial.
    • 法官无权进行二次审判。
    • ④ (N-UNCOUNT) 威信 If someone has authority, they have a quality which makes other people take notice of what they say.
    • ● He had no natural authority and no capacity for imposing his will on others.
    • 他天生缺乏威信，根本没有能力把他的意志强加于人。
    • ⑤ (N-UNCOUNT) （官方的正式）许可 Authority is official permission to do something.
    • ● The prison governor has refused to let him go, saying he must first be given authority from his own superiors.
    • 监狱长拒绝释放他，说他首先必须得到上级官员的许可。
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) （某一方面的）权威人士，专家 Someone who is an authority on a particular subject knows a lot about it.
    • ● He's universally recognized as an authority on Russian affairs.
    • 他是公认的俄罗斯事务专家。
    • ⑦ (PHRASE) 有可靠的消息来源 If you say you have it on good authority that something is true, you mean that you believe it is true because you trust the person who told you about it.
    • ● I have it on good authority that there's no way this light can cause skin cancer.
    • 我有来自权威人士的说法，这种光不可能引起皮肤癌。
  • automate 使自动化
    • ① (VERB) 使自动化 To automate a factory, office, or industrial process means to put in machines which can do the work instead of people.
    • ● He wanted to use computers to automate the process.
    • 他想通过计算机实现流程的自动化。
  • available 可得到的
    • ① (ADJ) 能找到的；可获得的 If something you want or need is available, you can find it or obtain it.
    • ● Since 1978, the amount of money available to buy books has fallen by 17%...
    • 自1978年以来，可用于采购图书的经费已经减少了17％。
    • ● There are three small boats available for hire...
    • 有3艘小船可供出租。
    • ② (ADJ) 有空的;有暇的 Someone who is available is not busy and is therefore free to talk to you or to do a particular task.
    • ● Mr Leach is on holiday and was not available for comment.
    • 利奇先生休假了，不方便作出评论。
  • aware 意识到的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 知道的；明白的 If you are aware of something, you know about it.
    • ● Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health...
    • 吸烟的人都知道吸烟对自身健康的危害。
    • ● He should have been aware of what his junior officers were doing...
    • 他本应该清楚自己下级们的所作所为。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 注意到的；察觉到的；意识到的 If you are aware of something, you realize that it is present or is happening because you hear it, see it, smell it, or feel it.
    • ● She was acutely aware of the noise of the city...
    • 她对城市噪音很敏感。
    • ● Jane was suddenly aware that she was digging her nails into her thigh.
    • 简突然间意识到她正在用指甲抠大腿。
    • ③ (ADJ-GRADED) 警觉的；警惕的 Someone who is aware notices what is happening around them or happening in the place where they live.
    • ● They are politically very aware.
    • 他们政治上非常警觉。
  • behalf 利益
    • ① (PHRASE) 代表（亦使用 in someone's behalf，主要用于美国英语中） If you do something on someone's behalf, you do it for that person as their representative. The form in someone's behalf is also used, mainly in American English.
    • ● She made an emotional public appeal on her son's behalf...
    • 她代表儿子动情地发出了公开呼吁。
    • ● Secret Service officer Robin Thompson spoke on behalf of his colleagues.
    • 特工处官员罗宾·汤普森代表他的同僚发表了讲话。
    • ② (PHRASE) 为（某人）；替（某人） If you feel, for example, embarrassed or angry on someone's behalf, you feel embarrassed or angry for them.
    • ● 'What do you mean?' I asked, offended on Liddie's behalf.
    • “你什么意思啊？”我问，替利迪感到愤愤不平。
  • benefit 利益；津贴；有益
    • benefit
    • 英[ˈbenɪfɪt] 美[ˈbenɪfɪt]
    • n. 好处；优势；福利费；保险金；慈善活动
    • v. 获益
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：benefited；benefitted
    • 现在分词：benefitting；benefiting
    • 过去式：benefitted；benefited
    • 复数：benefits
    • 第三人称单数：benefits
    • 双语例句
    • 1.the benefits of modern medicine
    • 现代医学的裨益
    • 2.It was good to see her finally reaping the benefits (= enjoying the results) of all her hard work.
    • 看到她终于收获辛勤劳动的成果令人欣慰。
    • 3.The insurance plan will provide substantial cash benefits to your family in case of your death.
    • 投保人一旦死亡，该项保险将给其家属支付相当可观的保险金。
  • bias 偏见
    • ① (N-VAR) 偏见；偏心；偏袒 Bias is a tendency to prefer one person or thing to another, and to favour that person or thing.
    • ● Bias against women permeates every level of the judicial system...
    • 各级司法机构普遍存在对女性的偏见。
    • ● There were fierce attacks on the BBC for alleged political bias.
    • 英国广播公司因被指具有政治偏见而遭到猛烈抨击。
    • ② (N-VAR) 偏好；偏爱 Bias is a concern with or interest in one thing more than others.
    • ● The Department has a strong bias towards neuroscience.
    • 这个系特别偏重神经科学。
    • ③ (VERB) 使有偏见；使偏向 To bias someone means to influence them in favour of a particular choice.
    • ● We mustn't allow it to bias our teaching.
    • 我们决不允许它影响我们的教学。
    • ④ (PHRASE) 斜裁 A dress or skirt that is cut on the bias or that is bias-cut has been cut diagonally across the material so that it hangs down in a particular way.
    • ● The fabric, cut on the bias, hangs as light as a cobweb off a woman's body.
    • 这块斜裁料如蛛网一般轻盈地从一女子身上垂下来。
    • ● ...a bias-cut dress.
    • 斜裁裙装
  • bond 纽带；债券
    • ① (N-COUNT) （情感的）纽带，契合，关系 A bond between people is a strong feeling of friendship, love, or shared beliefs and experiences that unites them.
    • ● The experience created a very special bond between us.
    • 这种经历使我们之间产生了一种很特殊的关系。
    • ● ...the bond that linked them.
    • 将他们联结在一起的感情纽带
    • ② (V-RECIP-ERG) 与…紧密联系；（使）相互联结；（使）建立亲密关系 When people bond with each other, they form a relationship based on love or shared beliefs and experiences. You can also say that people bond or that something bonds them.
    • ● Belinda was having difficulty bonding with the baby...
    • 贝琳达难以与孩子建立起亲密的关系。
    • ● They all bonded while writing graffiti together...
    • 他们都是在一起涂鸦时互相熟识的。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) （个人或团体之间的）密切联系 A bond between people or groups is a close connection that they have with each other, for example because they have a special agreement.
    • ● ...the strong bond between church and nation...
    • 教会和国家之间紧密相连的关系
    • ● There are tangible signs that the republic's successfully breaking its bonds with Moscow.
    • 有明显迹象表明该共和国成功地断绝了与莫斯科的密切联系。
    • ④ (N-PLURAL) 桎梏；束缚；约束；羁绊 Bonds are feelings, duties, or customs that force you to behave in a particular way.
    • ● Freed from the bonds of convention and the fear of what others may think, the mind responds with new solutions...
    • 从传统的束缚中解脱出来，不再担心别人会有什么看法，顿时感到柳暗花明。
    • ● We must, somehow, find a way to loosen the bonds of tradition.
    • 我们不管怎样都必须找到摆脱传统束缚的途径。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 黏合；连结 A bond between two things is the way in which they stick to one another or are joined in some way.
    • ● The superglue may not create a bond with some plastics...
    • 强力胶水可能无法粘住某些塑料。
    • ● The molecule contains four carbon atoms arranged in a ring with a triple bond between two of them.
    • 这个分子包含四个呈环状排列的碳原子，每两个碳原子之间形成一个三价键。
    • ⑥ (V-RECIP-ERG) 与…黏合（或连接）；（使）黏合（或连接）在一起 When one thing bonds with another, it sticks to it or becomes joined to it in some way. You can also say that two things bond together, or that something bonds them together .
    • ● Diamond may be strong in itself, but it does not bond well with other materials...
    • 钻石本身可能很坚固，但却不易与其他物质很好地黏合。
    • ● In graphite sheets, carbon atoms bond together in rings...
    • 石墨层中的碳原子相互连接形成碳环。
    • ⑦ (N-COUNT) （政府或公司发行的）公债，债券 When a government or company issues a bond, it borrows money from investors. The certificate which is issued to investors who lend money is also called a bond.
    • ● Most of it will be financed by government bonds.
    • 大部分资金将通过发行政府债券来筹措。
    • ● ...the recent sharp decline in bond prices.
    • 最近债券价格的暴跌
  • brief 简短的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 简短的；短暂的 Something that is brief lasts for only a short time.
    • ● She once made a brief appearance on television...
    • 她曾经在电视上短暂露面。
    • ● This time their visit is brief.
    • 他们这次的访问时间很短。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) （讲话或文章）简短的，简洁的 A brief speech or piece of writing does not contain too many words or details.
    • ● In a brief statement, he concentrated entirely on international affairs...
    • 他作了一个简短的声明，集中阐述了在国际事务方面的立场。
    • ● Write a very brief description of a typical problem.
    • 就一个典型问题作简要的描述。
    • ③ (ADJ-GRADED) 简明扼要的 If you are brief, you say what you want to say in as few words as possible.
    • ● Now please be brief — my time is valuable...
    • 请长话短说——我的时间宝贵。
    • ● I hope to be brief and to the point.
    • 我希望简明扼要，抓住重点。
    • ④ (ADJ-GRADED) （时间）短的，短暂的 You can describe a period of time as brief if you want to emphasize that it is very short.
    • ● For a few brief minutes we forgot the anxiety and anguish.
    • 短短几分钟我们就忘记了焦虑与苦恼。
    • ⑤ (N-PLURAL) 短内裤 Men's or women's underpants can be referred to as briefs .
    • ● A bra and a pair of briefs lay on the floor.
    • 地板上有一个胸罩和一条短内裤。
    • ⑥ (VERB) （尤指就某项工作或某一重大事件）向…简要介绍情况 If someone briefs you, especially about a piece of work or a serious matter, they give you information that you need before you do it or consider it.
    • ● A Defense Department spokesman briefed reporters...
    • 一位国防部发言人向记者们简要介绍了情况。
    • ● The Prime Minister has been briefed by her parliamentary aides.
    • 首相已听取了她议会助手的简要汇报。
    • ⑦ (N-COUNT) 正式委托；指示 If someone gives you a brief, they officially give you responsibility for dealing with a particular thing.
    • ● ...customs officials with a brief to stop foreign porn coming into Britain.
    • 受命阻止国外淫秽出版物流入英国的海关官员
    • ⑧ (PHRASE) 简短地 If you refer to something in brief, you are referring to a shortened version of it with few details.
    • ● ...and now sport in brief.
    • 现在播报体育简讯
    • ⑨ (PHRASE) 简言之；总之 You can say in brief to indicate that you are about to say something in as few words as possible or to give a summary of what you have just said.
    • ● In brief, take no risks.
    • 总之，不能冒险。
  • bulk 体积；大批
    • ① (N-SING) （大）体积；（大）量 You can refer to something's bulk when you want to emphasize that it is very large.
    • ● The truck pulled out of the lot, its bulk unnerving against the lawn.
    • 卡车从空地上开出来，庞大的车身小心翼翼地避让着草坪。
    • ● ...the shadowy bulk of an ancient barn.
    • 一座古老谷仓的巨大阴影
    • ② (N-SING) 庞大的身躯；巨大的体重；肥硕的体形 You can refer to a large person's body or to their weight or size as their bulk .
    • ● Bannol lowered his bulk carefully into the chair...
    • 班诺尔小心翼翼地将肥硕的身躯落座到椅子上。
    • ● Despite his bulk he moved lightly on his feet.
    • 尽管他身形庞大，移动起来还是很灵巧。
    • ③ (QUANT) 主体；大部分 The bulk of something is most of it.
    • ● The bulk of the text is essentially a review of these original documents...
    • 文章的主要部分基本是对这些原始文件的回顾。
    • ● The vast bulk of imports and exports are carried by sea.
    • 大部分的进出口货物都是通过海路运输的。
    • ④ (N-UNCOUNT) 大宗，大批（买卖） If you buy or sell something in bulk, you buy or sell it in large quantities.
    • ● Buying in bulk is more economical than shopping for small quantities.
    • 批量采购要比零买实惠很多。
    • ● ...bulk purchasing.
    • 大宗采购
  • capable 能够的；有能力的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 有…能力的;能够…的 If a person or thing is capable of doing something, they have the ability to do it.
    • ● He appeared hardly capable of conducting a coherent conversation...
    • 他好像连话都说不清楚。
    • ● The kitchen is capable of catering for several hundred people...
    • 厨房能同时容纳数百人进餐。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 熟练的;胜任的;有能力的 Someone who is capable has the skill or qualities necessary to do a particular thing well, or is able to do most things well.
    • ● She's a very capable speaker...
    • 她能说会道。
    • ● Her husband was such a fine, capable man.
    • 她丈夫又体贴又能干。
  • capacity 容量
    • ① (N-VAR) 能力;才能 Your capacity for something is your ability to do it, or the amount of it that you are able to do.
    • ● Our capacity for giving care, love and attention is limited...
    • 我们能够给予的关怀、关爱和关注是有限的。
    • ● Her mental capacity and temperament are as remarkable as his.
    • 她的才智和气质和他一样出众。
    • ② (N-UNCOUNT) (工厂、企业、地区的)生产量,生产（或运输）能力 The capacity of something such as a factory, industry, or region is the quantity of things that it can produce or deliver with the equipment or resources that are available.
    • ● ...the amount of spare capacity in the economy...
    • 经济中的剩余生产能力
    • ● Bread factories are working at full capacity...
    • 面包厂正在全力生产。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) （设备的）容量，功率，马力 The capacity of a piece of equipment is its size or power, often measured in particular units.
    • ● ...an aircraft with a bomb-carrying capacity of 454 kg.
    • 载弹量为454千克的飞机
    • ● ...a feature which gave the vehicles a much greater fuel capacity than other trucks.
    • 使这些车辆的储油量远远超过其他卡车的一个特点
    • ④ (N-VAR) （容器的）容积，容量 The capacity of a container is its volume, or the amount of liquid it can hold, measured in units such as litres or gallons.
    • ● ...the fuel tanks, which had a capacity of 140 litres...
    • 容量为140升的油箱
    • ● Grease 6 ramekin dishes of 150 ml (5-6 fl oz) capacity.
    • 将6个容量为150毫升(5至6液盎司)的烤盘涂上油。
    • ⑤ (N-SING) (建筑、地方、车辆的)可容纳人数,载客量 The capacity of a building, place, or vehicle is the number of people or things that it can hold. If a place is filled to capacity, it is as full as it can possibly be.
    • ● Each stadium had a seating capacity of about 50,000...
    • 每个体育场均可容纳5万人左右。
    • ● Toronto hospital maternity wards were filled to capacity.
    • 多伦多医院的产房都已住满了。
    • ⑥ (ADJ) 座无虚席的;满场的;挤满的 A capacity crowd or audience completely fills a theatre, sports stadium, or other place.
    • ● A capacity crowd of 76,000 people was at Wembley football stadium for the event.
    • 温布利球场座无虚席，76,000人前来观看这场比赛。
    • ⑦ (N-COUNT) 身份;职责;职位 If you do something in a particular capacity, you do it as part of a particular job or duty, or because you are representing a particular organization or person.
    • ● Ms Halliwell visited the Philippines in her capacity as a Special Representative of Unicef...
    • 哈利韦尔女士以联合国儿童基金会特别代表的身份访问了菲律宾。
    • ● This article is written in a personal capacity...
    • 本文是以个人名义所写。
  • category 种类；范畴
    • ① (N-COUNT) 种类;类别 If people or things are divided into categories, they are divided into groups in such a way that the members of each group are similar to each other in some way.
    • ● This book clearly falls into the category of fictionalised autobiography...
    • 这本书很显然属于自传体小说。
    • ● The tables were organised into six different categories...
    • 餐桌被编为6个不同的类别。
  • cease 停止
    • ① (VERB) 停止;终了;消失 If something ceases, it stops happening or existing.
    • ● At one o'clock the rain had ceased.
    • 一点时，雨已停了。
    • ② (VERB) 停止;终止 If you cease to do something, you stop doing it.
    • ● He never ceases to amaze me...
    • 他总能给我惊喜。
    • ● The secrecy about the President's condition had ceased to matter...
    • 总统的健康状况已经没有保密的必要。
    • ③ (VERB) 停止;终止 If you cease something, you stop it happening or working.
    • ● The Tundra Times, a weekly newspaper in Alaska, ceased publication this week.
    • 阿拉斯加的周报《苔原时报》本周停刊了。
  • challenge 挑战
    • challenge
    • 英[ˈtʃælɪndʒ] 美[ˈtʃælɪndʒ]
    • n. 挑战；比赛邀请；质疑
    • v. 对…怀疑；挑战，考验；盘问
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：challenged
    • 现在分词：challenging
    • 过去式：challenged
    • 复数：challenges
    • 第三人称单数：challenges
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The story was completely untrue and was successfully challenged in court.
    • 此案情纯属捏造，已在法庭上被揭穿。
    • 2.She does not like anyone challenging her authority.
    • 她不喜欢任何人挑战她的权威。
    • 3.This discovery challenges traditional beliefs.
    • 这项发现是对传统信念的冲击。
  • channel 海峡；频道
    • ① (N-COUNT; N-IN-NAMES) 电视台;电视频道 A channel is a television station.
    • ● ...the only serious current affairs programme on either channel.
    • 两个频道唯一的严肃时事节目
    • ● ...the proliferating number of television channels in America.
    • 美国激增的电视频道
    • ② (N-COUNT) 频道;波段 A channel is a band of radio waves on which radio messages can be sent and received.
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 渠道;途径;门路 If you do something through a particular channel, or particular channels, that is the system or organization that you use to achieve your aims or to communicate.
    • ● The government will surely use the diplomatic channels available...
    • 政府肯定会利用各种现有的外交渠道。
    • ● The Americans recognise that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity...
    • 美国人认识到可以通过联合国这个渠道开展更多的外交活动。
    • ④ (VERB) 将(资金或资源)专门用于 If you channel money or resources into something, you arrange for them to be used for that thing, rather than for a wider range of things.
    • ● Jacques Delors wants a system set up to channel funds to the poor countries...
    • 雅克·德洛尔希望建立一套体系，将资金专门用于援助贫穷的国家。
    • ● Revenues from 'green taxes' could then be channelled back into energy efficiency.
    • 从“绿色税收”得来的收入便可回过头来用于提高能效。
    • ⑤ (VERB) 将(精力或情感)专注于;集中 If you channel your energies or emotions into something, you concentrate on or do that one thing, rather than a range of things.
    • ● Stephen is channelling his energies into a novel called Blue.
    • 斯蒂芬正集中精力写一部名为《蓝色》的小说。
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) 水道;沟渠 A channel is a passage along which water flows.
    • ● Keep the drainage channel clear.
    • 保持下水道畅通。
    • ⑦ (N-COUNT) 航道 A channel is a route used by boats.
    • ⑧ (N-PROPER) 英吉利海峡 The Channel or the English Channel is the narrow area of water between England and France.
  • chapter 章
    • ① (N-COUNT) (书的)章，回，篇 A chapter is one of the parts that a book is divided into. Each chapter has a number, and sometimes a title.
    • ● Chromium supplements were used successfully in the treatment of diabetes (see Chapter 4)...
    • 铬补充剂被成功运用于治疗糖尿病(见第4章)。
    • ● I took the title of this chapter from one of my favorite books.
    • 我这章的标题来自我最喜欢的一本书。
    • ② (N-COUNT) (人生或历史上的)阶段，时期，篇章 A chapter in someone's life or in history is a period of time during which a major event or series of related events takes place.
    • ● This had been a particularly difficult chapter in Lebanon's recent history.
    • 这在黎巴嫩的近代史上是个特别困难的时期。
    • ● ...one of the most dramatic chapters of recent British politics.
    • 英国政治近来最富戏剧性的阶段之一
    • ③ (N-COUNT-COLL) 大教堂全体教士(或全体相关神职人员) A chapter is a group of Christian clergy who work in or who are connected with a cathedral.
    • ● The Archbishop began his address, thanking the Dean and Chapter of Westminster for inviting him to the Abbey.
    • 大主教在开始演讲之前，首先感谢威斯敏斯特大教堂的主教和全体教士邀请他来到这里。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) (社团或俱乐部的)分会，分部 A chapter is a branch of a society or club.
    • ● To find out more about cancer warning signs call your local chapter of the American Cancer Society.
    • 想要了解更多有关癌症的征兆，请给美国癌症协会本地分会打电话。
    • ⑤ (PHRASE) 详细内容;具体细节 If you say that someone gives you chapter and verse on a particular subject, you are emphasizing that they tell you every detail about it.
    • ● In the course of the evening he gave me chapter and verse on the mosses of the Islay peat bogs.
    • 整个晚上，他向我详细讲述艾莱岛泥炭沼泽地上的各种青苔。
  • chart 图表
    • ① (N-COUNT) 图表;图片;曲线图 A chart is a diagram, picture, or graph which is intended to make information easier to understand.
    • ● Male unemployment was 14.2%, compared with 5.8% for women (see chart on next page)...
    • 相比女性的5.8%，男性失业率为14.2%(见下页图表)。
    • ● The chart below shows our top 10 choices.
    • 下图是我们优先考虑的10个选择。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 海图;星位图 A chart is a map of the sea or stars.
    • ● ...charts of Greek waters.
    • 希腊海域图
    • ③ (VERB) 绘制…的地图(或海图、星位图) If you chart an area of land, sea, or sky, or a feature in that area, you make a map of the area or show the feature in it.
    • ● Portuguese explorers had charted the west coast of Africa as far as Sierra Leone...
    • 葡萄牙探险家已经绘制出了远至塞拉里昂的非洲西海岸地图。
    • ● Ptolemy charted more than 1000 stars in 48 constella-tions...
    • 托勒密绘制了48个星座1,000多颗恒星的星位图。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) (唱片销售量的)排行榜 The charts are the official lists that show which CDs have sold the most copies each week.
    • ● This album confirmed The Orb's status as national stars, going straight to Number One in the charts...
    • 这张专辑确立了The Orb作为全国明星的地位，销量直升至排行榜首位。
    • ● They topped both the US singles and album charts at the same time.
    • 他们同时荣登美国单曲榜和专辑榜榜首。
    • ⑤ (VERB) 记录，跟踪(进展) If you chart the development or progress of something, you observe it and record or show it. You can also say that a report or graph charts the development or progress of something.
    • ● One GP has charted a dramatic rise in local childhood asthma since the M25 was built nearby...
    • 一位全科医生跟踪记录发现，自从附近修建了25号高速公路以来，当地哮喘病患儿数量急剧增加。
    • ● This magnificent show charts his meteoric rise from 'small town' country singer to top international Rock idol...
    • 这场盛大的演出展示了他是如何从一个“小镇”乡村歌手一跃成为国际顶级摇滚偶像的。
    • ⑥ (VERB) 规定，制订(行动计划) If a person or plan charts a course of action, they describe what should be done in order to achieve something or to make progress in the future.
    • ● We've charted a possible way forward...
    • 我们已经制订了下一步可能的计划。
    • ● NATO had charted a new course for stability and cooperation in Europe...
    • 北约制订了保持欧洲稳定与合作的新计划。
  • chemical 化学的；化学药品
    • ① (ADJ) 化学的;化学反应的;用化学方法生成的 Chemical means involving or resulting from a reaction between two or more substances, or relating to the substances that something consists of.
    • ● ...chemical reactions that cause ozone destruction.
    • 导致臭氧受到破坏的化学反应
    • ● ...the chemical composition of the ocean.
    • 海洋的化学成分
    • ② (N-COUNT) 化学品;化合物;化学制品 Chemicals are substances that are used in a chemical process or made by a chemical process.
    • ● The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of chemicals in agriculture.
    • 整个食物链因农业生产过程过多使用化学品而受到影响。
    • ● ...a chemicals company.
    • 化工公司
  • circumstance 情况
    • ① (N-COUNT) 情况;情形;形势 The circumstances of a particular situation are the conditions which affect what happens.
    • ● Recent opinion polls show that 60 percent favor abortion under certain circumstances...
    • 最近的民意调查显示，60%的人赞成在某些情况下可以堕胎。
    • ● The strategy was too dangerous in the explosive circumstances of the times...
    • 在当时那种一触即发的形势下，采取那样的策略太危险了。
    • ② (N-PLURAL) （事件发生的）情形，详情，原委 The circumstances of an event are the way it happened or the causes of it.
    • ● I'm making inquiries about the circumstances of Mary Dean's murder...
    • 我在调查玛丽·迪安谋杀案的详情。
    • ● Hundreds of people had died there in terrible circumstances during and after the revolution.
    • 在革命期间和其后的恶劣形势下，那里有成百上千的人死去。
    • ③ (N-PLURAL) 生活状况;境况;(尤指)经济状况 Your circumstances are the conditions of your life, especially the amount of money that you have.
    • ● ...help and support for the single mother, whatever her circumstances...
    • 不论单身母亲的经济状况如何均为其提供的帮助与扶持
    • ● I wouldn't have expected to find you in such comfortable circumstances.
    • 我怎么也没有想到你生活这么优裕。
    • ④ (N-UNCOUNT) 命运;机缘;客观环境 Events and situations which cannot be controlled are sometimes referred to as circumstance .
    • ● There are those, you know, who, by circumstance, end up homeless...
    • 您知道，会有那么一些人，因为命运捉弄而落得无家可归。
    • ● You might say that we've been victims of circumstance.
    • 你可以说我们一直不走运吧。
    • ⑤ (PHRASE) 在任何情况下;无论如何 You can emphasize that something must not or will not happen by saying that it must not or will not happen under any circumstances .
    • ● Racism is wholly unacceptable under any circumstances...
    • 无论在何种情况下，种族主义都是千万要不得的。
    • ● She made it clear that under no circumstances would she cancel the trip.
    • 她明确表示，无论如何她都不会取消旅行。
    • ⑥ (PHRASE) 在那种情况下;情况既然如此 You can use in the circumstances or under the circumstances before or after a statement to indicate that you have considered the conditions affecting the situation before making the statement.
    • ● Under the circumstances, a crash was unavoidable...
    • 在那种情况下，撞车是难以避免的。
    • ● In the circumstances, Paisley's plans looked highly appropriate.
    • 佩斯利所拟定的计划在当时的情况下看来非常恰当。
  • cite 引用
    • ① (VERB) （尤指作为例证）引用，援引，提及 If you cite something, you quote it or mention it, especially as an example or proof of what you are saying.
    • ● She cites a favourite poem by George Herbert...
    • 她引用了自己最喜爱的一首乔治·赫伯特的诗。
    • ● He cites just one example...
    • 他只引用了一个例子。
    • ② (VERB) (在案件中)指名,引证 To cite a person means to officially name them in a legal case. To cite a reason or cause means to state it as the official reason for your case.
    • ● They cited Alex's refusal to return to the marital home...
    • 他们引证了亚历克斯拒绝回到婚后的家中一事。
    • ● Three admirals and a top Navy civilian will be cited for failing to act on reports of sexual assaults.
    • 3位海军上将和1位海军高级文员将被指名，原因是他们在接到性侵犯的举报后没有采取任何行动。
    • ③ (VERB) 传唤;传讯 If someone is cited, they are officially ordered to appear before a court.
    • ● The judge ruled a mistrial and cited the prosecutors for outrageous misconduct.
    • 法官裁定为无效审判，并以严重渎职为名传讯了检察官。
  • civil 公民的；国内的
    • ① (ADJ) 公民的;国民的;国内的 You use civil to describe events that happen within a country and that involve the different groups of people in it.
    • ● ...civil unrest.
    • 国内骚乱
    • ② (ADJ) 民用的;平民的;非军事的 You use civil to describe people or things in a country that are not connected with its armed forces.
    • ● ...the US civil aviation industry.
    • 美国民用航空业
    • ③ (ADJ) 政府的；国家的;世俗的;非宗教的 You use civil to describe things that are connected with the state rather than with a religion.
    • ● They were married on August 9 in a civil ceremony in Venice.
    • 他们于8月9号在威尼斯举行了世俗婚礼。
    • ● ...Jewish civil and religious law.
    • 犹太民法和宗教法
    • ④ (ADJ) （权利）公民的，公民应有的 You use civil to describe the rights that people have within a society.
    • ● ...a United Nations covenant on civil and political rights.
    • 联合国公民和政治权利公约
    • ⑤ (ADJ-GRADED) 彬彬有礼的;斯文的;客气的 Someone who is civil is polite in a formal way, but not particularly friendly.
    • ● As visitors, the least we can do is be civil to the people in their own land.
    • 作为来访者，我们最起码能做到的就是对当地人要彬彬有礼。
  • clarify 阐明
    • ① (VERB) 阐明;阐释;说明 To clarify something means to make it easier to understand, usually by explaining it in more detail.
    • ● Thank you for writing and allowing me to clarify the present position...
    • 谢谢你的来信，并允许我阐明目前的立场。
    • ● A bank spokesman was unable to clarify the situation.
    • 一位银行发言人未能把情况解释清楚。
  • classic 名著；经典的
    • classic
    • 英[ˈklæsɪk] 美[ˈklæsɪk]
    • adj. 典型的，经典的；典雅的，古朴的；老式的；第一流的；不足为奇的
    • n. 经典作品；典范；古典文化
    • 变形
    • 复数：classics
    • 双语例句
    • 1.I made the classic mistake of clapping in a pause in the music!
    • 我在乐曲演奏暂停的间歇鼓起掌来，真是大错特错！
    • 2.a classic grey suit
    • 一套典雅的灰色服装
    • 3.classic design
    • 古朴典雅的设计
  • clause 条款；从句
    • ① (N-COUNT) (法律文书的)条款 A clause is a section of a legal document.
    • ● He has a clause in his contract which entitles him to a percentage of the profits.
    • 他的合同中有一项条款，使他有权分得一定比例的利润。
    • ● ...a compromise document sprinkled with escape clauses.
    • 不时出现些免责条款的折中文件
    • ② (N-COUNT) (语法)分句，从句，子句 In grammar, a clause is a group of words containing a verb. Sentences contain one or more clauses. There are finite clauses and non-finite clauses.
  • code 代码；法典
    • ① (N-COUNT) 行为准则;规则;法典;法规 A code is a set of rules about how people should behave or about how something must be done.
    • ● ...Article 159 of the Turkish Penal Code.
    • 《土耳其刑法法典》第159条
    • ● ...local building codes.
    • 地方建筑法规
    • ② (N-COUNT) 密码;暗码;代码 A code is a system of replacing the words in a message with other words or symbols, so that nobody can understand it unless they know the system.
    • ● They used elaborate secret codes, as when the names of trees stood for letters...
    • 他们使用了复杂的暗号，比如用树的名称代表字母。
    • ● If you can't remember your number, write it in code in a diary.
    • 如果记不住自己的号码，可以用代码记在日记簿里。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) (邮政)编码;(电话)区号 A code is a group of numbers or letters which is used to identify something, such as a postal address or part of a telephone system.
    • ● Callers dialing the wrong area code will not get through.
    • 打电话的人如果拨错区号，就无法接通。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 信号;标记 A code is any system of signs or symbols that has a meaning.
    • ● It will need different microchips to reconvert the digital code back into normal TV signals.
    • 把数字信号重新转换回通常的电视信号需要另外的微芯片。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) (遗传)密码 The genetic code of a person, animal or plant is the information contained in DNA which determines the structure and function of cells, and the inherited characteristics of all living things.
    • ● Scientists provided the key to understanding the genetic code that determines every bodily feature.
    • 科学家们找到了破解决定各种身体特征的遗传密码的密钥。
    • ⑥ (VERB) 把…编码(或编号) To code something means to give it a code or to mark it with its code.
    • ● He devised a way of coding every statement uniquely...
    • 他设计了一种把每句话进行独特编码的方法。
    • ● The machines were coded so we could tell them apart.
    • 机器都编了号，便于我们区分。
    • ⑦ (N-UNCOUNT) 编码 Computer code is a system or language for expressing information and instructions in a form which can be understood by a computer.
  • coherent 连贯的
    • coherent
    • 英[kəʊˈhɪərənt] 美[koʊˈhɪrənt]
    • adj. 有条理的；清楚易懂的；有表达能力的
    • 变形
    • 副词：coherently
    • 双语例句
    • 1.a coherent policy for the transport system
    • 运输系统方面的一个前后一致的政策
    • 2.She only became coherent again two hours after the attack.
    • 她发病两小时之后才恢复了清楚地说话的能力。
    • 3.a coherent narrative/account/explanation
    • 条理清楚的叙述 / 描述 / 阐述
  • coincide 相符
    • ① (V-RECIP) 巧合;同时发生 If one event coincides with another, they happen at the same time.
    • ● The exhibition coincides with the 50th anniversary of his death...
    • 展览恰好在他逝世50周年之际举行。
    • ● Although his mental illness had coincided with his war service it had not been caused by it...
    • 虽然他的精神病刚好在他参战期间发作，但并不是由此引起的。
    • ② (V-RECIP) (想法、利益等)一致，相符 If the ideas or interests of two or more people coincide, they are the same.
    • ● The kids' views on life don't always coincide, but they're not afraid of voicing their opinions...
    • 孩子们的人生观并不总是一致，但他们敢于表达自己的观点。
    • ● ...a case in which public and private interests coincide...
    • 一个公众利益和私人利益一致的例子
  • collapse 倒塌
    • ① (VERB) 倒塌;塌下 If a building or other structure collapses, it falls down very suddenly.
    • ● A section of the Bay Bridge had collapsed...
    • 海湾大桥有一段垮塌了。
    • ● The roof collapsed in a roar of rock and rubble...
    • 屋顶轰隆一声塌了下来，碎石瓦砾落了一地。
    • ② (VERB) (体系或机构)崩溃，瓦解，突然失败 If something, for example a system or institution, collapses, it fails or comes to an end completely and suddenly.
    • ● His business empire collapsed under a massive burden of debt...
    • 他的商业帝国无力承担沉重的债务负担而垮掉了。
    • ● This system has collapsed in most countries where it ruled...
    • 这一体系在其占统治地位的大多数国家都失败了。
    • ③ (VERB) (因生病或虚弱)突然倒下，昏倒 If you collapse, you suddenly faint or fall down because you are very ill or weak.
    • ● He collapsed following a vigorous exercise session at his home...
    • 在家剧烈运动了一阵后他突然昏倒了。
    • ● It's commonplace to see people collapsing from hunger in the streets.
    • 在街上看见有人饿晕是很平常的事。
    • ④ (VERB) (因精疲力竭而)突然坐下(或倒下) If you collapse onto something, you sit or lie down suddenly because you are very tired.
    • ● She arrived home exhausted and barely capable of showering before collapsing on her bed.
    • 她精疲力竭地回到家，勉强冲了个澡就倒在了床上。
    • ⑤ (VERB) 萎陷;内陷;瘪掉 If something with air inside collapses, it falls inwards and becomes smaller or flatter.
    • ● He plunged 300ft to the ground when his parachute collapsed...
    • 降落伞突然瘪了，他从300英尺的高空跌落到地面。
    • ● He was rushed to hospital last week after suffering a collapsed lung.
    • 上星期，他因出现肺萎陷而被火速送进医院。
  • colleague 同事
    • colleague
    • 英[ˈkɒliːɡ] 美[ˈkɑːliːɡ]
    • n. 同事；同行
    • 变形
    • 复数：colleagues
    • 双语例句
    • 1.a colleague of mine from the office
    • 我办公室的一位同事
    • 2.We were friends and colleagues for more than 20 years.
    • 20多年来我们既是朋友又是同事。
    • 3.the Prime Minister and his Cabinet colleagues
    • 首相及其内阁同僚
  • commence 开始
    • ① (V-ERG) 开始 When something commences or you commence it, it begins.
    • ● The academic year commences at the beginning of October...
    • 学年于10月初开始。
    • ● They commenced a systematic search...
    • 他们开始进行彻底搜查。
  • comment 评论
    • ① (VERB) 发表意见;作出评论 If you comment on something, you give your opinion about it or you give an explanation for it.
    • ● So far, Mr Cook has not commented on these reports...
    • 到目前为止，库克先生仍未就这些报道发表评论。
    • ● Stratford police refuse to comment on whether anyone has been arrested...
    • 斯特拉福德警方拒绝对是否已有人被捕一事发表任何评论。
    • ② (N-VAR) 评论;意见 A comment is something that you say which expresses your opinion of something or which gives an explanation of it.
    • ● He made his comments at a news conference in Amsterdam...
    • 他在阿姆斯特丹的记者招待会上发表了意见。
    • ● I was wondering whether you had any comments about that?...
    • 请问您对此有何见解？
    • ③ (N-SING) (通常是不好的事的)体现，写照 If an event or situation is a comment on something, it reveals something about that thing, usually something bad.
    • ● He argues that family problems are typically a comment on some unresolved issues in the family.
    • 他认为各种家庭问题通常都反映出家庭内部存在一些有待解决的矛盾。
    • ④ (CONVENTION) 无可奉告(通常用于回答记者的提问) People say 'no comment' as a way of refusing to answer a question, usually when it is asked by a journalist.
    • ● No comment. I don't know anything.
    • 无可奉告。我什么都不知道。
  • commission 委任；委员会
    • ① (VERB) 正式委托;委托(做) If you commission something or commission someone to do something, you formally arrange for someone to do a piece of work for you.
    • ● The Ministry of Agriculture commissioned a study into low-input farming...
    • 农业部委托对低投入耕作进行研究。
    • ● You can commission them to paint something especially for you.
    • 你可以委托他们专门为你画点什么。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 受托之事;(接受报酬的)任务 A commission is a piece of work that someone is asked to do and is paid for.
    • ● Just a few days ago, I finished a commission.
    • 就在几天前，我完成了一项委托创作任务。
    • ③ (N-VAR) 佣金;回扣 Commission is a sum of money paid to a salesperson for every sale that he or she makes. If a salesperson is paid on commission, the amount they receive depends on the amount they sell.
    • ● The salesmen work on commission only...
    • 销售人员只根据销售量提取佣金。
    • ● He also got a commission for bringing in new clients.
    • 他还因为带来了很多新客户拿到一笔佣金。
    • ④ (N-UNCOUNT) (银行或公司收取的)服务费，手续费 If a bank or other company charges commission, they charge a fee for providing a service, for example for exchanging money or issuing an insurance policy.
    • ● Travel agents charge 1 per cent commission on sterling cheques...
    • 旅行社对英镑支票收取1%的服务费。
    • ● Sellers pay a fixed commission fee.
    • 卖方支付固定的服务费。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT-COLL) 委员会;调查团 A commission is a group of people who have been appointed to find out about something or to control something.
    • ● The authorities have been asked to set up a commission to investigate the murders.
    • 当局被敦促成立一个委员会负责调查这些谋杀案。
    • ● ...the Press Complaints Commission.
    • 媒体投诉委员会
    • ⑥ (N-UNCOUNT) 犯(罪) The commission of a crime is the act of committing a crime.
    • ● If a person uses a gun in the commission of a crime, then he should be given an additional penalty.
    • 如果使用枪支进行犯罪，就应该受到额外的惩罚。
    • ⑦ (N-COUNT) (军队的)任职令 If a member of the armed forces receives a commission, he or she becomes an officer.
    • ● He accepted a commission as a naval officer.
    • 他接受任命成为一名海军军官。
    • ⑧ (VERB) 委任;任命…为军官 If a member of the armed forces is commissioned, he or she is made an officer.
    • ● He was commissioned as second lieutenant in the Air Force...
    • 他被任命为空军少尉。
    • ● Only commissioned officers qualify for the Military Cross.
    • 只有持委任状的军官才有资格获得十字勋章。
    • ⑨ (PHRASE) (船、设备等)坏了的，不能使用的 If something, for example a ship or a piece of equipment, is out of commission, it is broken and cannot be used until it is repaired.
    • ● The operator expects the ship to be out of commission until the end of September.
    • 技工预计这艘船到9月底才能修好。
  • commit 犯
    • ① (VERB) 犯(罪);做(坏事) If someone commits a crime or a sin, they do something illegal or bad.
    • ● I have never committed any crime...
    • 我从来没犯过罪。
    • ● This is a man who has committed murder.
    • 这是一个杀人犯。
    • ② (VERB) 自杀 If someone commits suicide, they deliberately kill themselves.
    • ● There are unconfirmed reports he tried to commit suicide.
    • 有未经证实的报道说他曾企图自杀。
    • ③ (VERB) 拨出，调配(资金、资源等) If you commit money or resources to something, you decide to use them for a particular purpose.
    • ● They called on Western nations to commit more money to the poorest nations...
    • 他们呼吁西方国家向极端贫困国家投入更多的钱。
    • ● The government had committed billions of pounds for a programme to reduce acid rain...
    • 政府已经给一个旨在减少酸雨的方案拨了几十亿英镑。
    • ④ (VERB) 承诺，保证(做);忠于(某人) If you commit yourself to something, you say that you will definitely do it. If you commit yourself to someone, you decide that you want to have a long-term relationship with them.
    • ● I would advise people to think very carefully about committing themselves to working Sundays...
    • 我建议大家慎重考虑一下答应周日工作的问题。
    • ● I'd like a friendship that might lead to something deeper, but I wouldn't want to commit myself too soon...
    • 我希望拥有一份能进一步发展的友谊，但又不想太快作出承诺。
    • ⑤ (VERB) 明确表态 If you do not want to commit yourself on something, you do not want to say what you really think about it or what you are going to do.
    • ● It isn't their diplomatic style to commit themselves on such a delicate issue...
    • 对这样一个微妙的问题明确表态并非他们的外交风格。
    • ● She didn't want to commit herself one way or the other.
    • 不管怎样，她都不想明确表态。
    • ⑥ (VERB) 把…正式送进(医院、监狱等) If someone is committed to a hospital, prison, or other institution, they are officially sent there for a period of time.
    • ● Arthur's drinking caused him to be committed to a psychiatric hospital.
    • 阿瑟由于酗酒被送进一家精神病医院。
    • ⑦ (VERB) (英国)把…提交高等刑事法庭 In the British legal system, if someone is committed for trial, they are sent by magistrates to stand trial in a crown court.
    • ● He is expected to be committed for trial at Liverpool Crown Court.
    • 预计他会被移交利物浦高等刑事法庭。
    • ⑧ (VERB) 把…写下来;把…记住 If you commit something to paper or to writing, you record it by writing it down. If you commit something to memory, you learn it so that you will remember it.
    • ● She had not committed anything to paper about it...
    • 关于这件事她未曾写下只言片语。
    • ● I'll repeat that so you can commit it to memory.
    • 我会重复一下，好让你们记住。
  • commodity 日用品
    • ① (N-COUNT) 商品 A commodity is something that is sold for money.
    • ● The government increased prices on several basic commodities like bread and meat.
    • 政府提高了面包、肉类等几种基本商品的价格。
  • communicate 交流
    • ① (V-RECIP) 沟通;联系;交流 If you communicate with someone, you share or exchange information with them, for example by speaking, writing, or using equipment. You can also say that two people communicate .
    • ● My natural mother has never communicated with me...
    • 我的亲生母亲从未和我联系过。
    • ● Officials of the CIA depend heavily on electronic mail to communicate with each other...
    • 中情局官员之间的联系在很大程度上依赖电子邮件。
    • ② (VERB) 传达;传递 If you communicate information, a feeling, or an idea to someone, you let them know about it.
    • ● They successfully communicate their knowledge to others...
    • 他们成功地把知识传授给他人。
    • ● The results will be communicated to parents...
    • 结果会通知父母。
    • ③ (V-RECIP) 沟通，交流(情感、想法等) If one person communicates with another, they successfully make each other aware of their feelings and ideas. You can also say that two people communicate .
    • ● He was never good at communicating with the players...
    • 他不善于和队员们进行沟通。
    • ● Family therapy showed us how to communicate with each other.
    • 家庭疗法指导我们彼此之间的沟通交流。
  • community 社区；界
    • ① (N-SING-COLL) (同住一地的人所构成的)社区 The community is all the people who live in a particular area or place.
    • ● He's well liked by people in the community...
    • 社区的人都非常喜欢他。
    • ● 'The community are getting impatient,' said a representative of the Residents' Association...
    • “社区居民开始不耐烦了，”居民协会的一位代表说。
    • ② (N-COUNT-COLL) 群体;团体 A particular community is a group of people who are similar in some way.
    • ● The police haven't really done anything for the black community in particular.
    • 警方并未真正特意为黑人群体做什么。
    • ● ...the business community.
    • 商界
    • ③ (N-UNCOUNT) (不同人士、团体之间的)友谊，伙伴关系 Community is friendship between different people or groups, and a sense of having something in common.
    • ● A supportive house for eight to ten older people, each with his or her own room, provides privacy and a sense of community...
    • 一幢扶助性住宅可供8至10位老人居住，每个人都有自己单独的房间，在这里，他们既能独处，又有社区归属感。
    • ● Two of our greatest strengths are diversity and community.
    • 我们最大的两个优势是多样性和团体精神。
  • compatible 兼容的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) (系统、想法和信仰)兼容的，可以并存的 If things, for example systems, ideas, and beliefs, are compatible, they work well together or can exist together successfully.
    • ● Free enterprise, he argued, was compatible with Russian values and traditions...
    • 他认为自由企业制并不违背俄罗斯的价值观和传统。
    • ● Marriage and the life I live just don't seem compatible.
    • 婚姻和我的生活好像就是没法兼容。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 能和谐相处的;合得来的 If you say that you are compatible with someone, you mean that you have a good relationship with them because you have similar opinions and interests.
    • ● Mildred and I are very compatible. She's interested in the things that interest me...
    • 我和米尔德丽德很合得来，我感兴趣的东西她也感兴趣。
    • ● In a large city you're almost certain to find a physician with whom you are compatible and feel comfortable.
    • 在大城市，几乎肯定能找到一个和你意气相投、让你觉得舒心的心灵抚慰者。
    • ③ (ADJ) (尤指与 IBM公司制造的计算机或计算机设备)兼容的 If one make of computer or computer equipment is compatible with another make, especially IBM, they can be used together and can use the same software.
  • compensate 补偿
    • compensate
    • 英[ˈkɒmpenseɪt] 美[ˈkɑːmpenseɪt]
    • v. 补偿，赔偿；弥补；抵消
    • 变形
    • 形容词：compensatory
    • 过去分词：compensated
    • 现在分词：compensating
    • 过去式：compensated
    • 第三人称单数：compensates
    • 双语例句
    • 1.Her lawyers say she should be compensated for the suffering she had been caused.
    • 她的律师说她应该为所遭受的痛苦得到赔偿。
    • 2.He received a compensatory payment of $20 000.
    • 他获得了2万元的赔偿金。
    • 3.Nothing can compensate for the loss of a loved one.
    • 失去心爱的人是无法补偿的。
  • compile 编纂
    • ① (VERB) 汇编;编制;编纂 When you compile something such as a report, book, or programme, you produce it by collecting and putting together many pieces of information.
    • ● Councils were required to compile a register of all adults living in their areas...
    • 各地政务委员会被要求编制一份该地区成年居民的名册。
    • ● The book took 10 years to compile...
    • 编这本书花了10年时间。
  • complement 补充
    • ① (VERB) 使(优点)突出;衬托出 If one thing complements another, it goes well with the other thing and makes its good qualities more noticeable.
    • ● Nutmeg, parsley and cider all complement the flavour of these beans well.
    • 肉豆蔻、西芹和苹果酒都能很好地突出这些豆子的味道。
    • ② (VERB) 补足;补充;与…相辅相成 If people or things complement each other, they are different or do something different, which makes them a good combination.
    • ● There will be a written examination to complement the practical test...
    • 会有笔试作为实践考试的补充。
    • ● We complement one another perfectly.
    • 我们相互取长补短，堪称完美。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 衬托物;补足物 Something that is a complement to something else complements it.
    • ● The green wallpaper is the perfect complement to the old pine of the dresser...
    • 绿色的墙纸完美地衬托出衣橱那年代久远的松木。
    • ● Political knowledge is a necessary complement to science in approaching solutions to these problems.
    • 在寻找解决这些问题的方法时，需要有政治知识作为对科学知识的补充。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 装备定额;编制名额 The complement of things or people that something has is the number of things or people that it normally has, which enable it to function properly.
    • ● Each ship had a complement of around a dozen officers and 250 men...
    • 每艘船的编制人数约为军官12位，船员250名。
    • ● Not one house on the Close still had its full complement of windows.
    • 克洛斯岛上没有一所房子的窗户仍旧是齐全的。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 补语 In grammar, the complement of a link verb is an adjective group or noun group which comes after the verb and describes or identifies the subject. For example, in the sentence 'They felt very tired', 'very tired' is the complement. In 'They were students', 'students' is the complement.
  • complex 复杂的
    • complex
    • 英[ˈkɒmpleks] 美[kəmˈpleks , ˈkɑːmpleks]
    • adj. 复杂的；复合的
    • n. 综合建筑群；相关联的一组事物；复合体；情结；忧虑
    • 变形
    • 比较级：more complex
    • 最高级：most complex
    • 复数：complexes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.complex machinery
    • 结构复杂的机器
    • 2.the complex structure of the human brain
    • 错综复杂的人脑构造
    • 3.a complex argument/problem/subject
    • 复杂难懂的论证 / 问题 / 科目
  • component 组成部分
    • ① (N-COUNT) 组成部分;成分 The components of something are the parts that it is made of.
    • ● Enriched uranium is a key component of a nuclear weapon...
    • 浓缩铀是核武器的关键组成部分。
    • ● The management plan has four main components...
    • 管理计划有4个主要部分。
    • ② (ADJ) 组成的;构成的 The component parts of something are the parts that make it up.
    • ● Gorbachev failed to keep the component parts of the Soviet Union together...
    • 戈尔巴乔夫没能把苏联各成员国团结在一起。
    • ● Polish workers will now be making component parts for Boeing 757s.
    • 现在波音757飞机的组成部件将由波兰工人制造。
  • compound 化合物；复合词
    • ① (N-COUNT) (作特殊用途的)大院，有围墙的场地 A compound is an enclosed area of land that is used for a particular purpose.
    • ● Police fired on them as they fled into the embassy compound.
    • 当他们逃进使馆大院时，警察向他们开了枪。
    • ● ...a military compound.
    • 军营
    • ② (N-COUNT) (化学中的)化合物 In chemistry, a compound is a substance that consists of two or more elements.
    • ● Organic compounds contain carbon in their molecules.
    • 有机化合物的分子中含碳。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 混合物;组合物 If something is a compound of different things, it consists of those things.
    • ● Honey is basically a compound of water, two types of sugar, vitamins and enzymes.
    • 蜂蜜基本上是水、两种糖、几种维生素和酶的混合物。
    • ④ (ADJ) 复合的;组合的;混合的 Compound is used to indicate that something consists of two or more parts or things.
    • ● ...a tall shrub with shiny compound leaves.
    • 长有油光闪亮的复叶的高株灌木
    • ● ...the compound microscope.
    • 复式显微镜
    • ⑤ (ADJ) (单词)复合的 In grammar, a compound noun, adjective, or verb is one that is made up of two or more words, for example 'fire engine', 'bottle-green', and 'force-feed'.
    • ⑥ (ADJ) (句子)复合的 In grammar, a compound sentence is one that is made up of two or more main clauses.
    • ⑦ (VERB) 使恶化；使复杂化;加重 To compound a problem, difficulty, or mistake means to make it worse by adding to it.
    • ● Additional bloodshed and loss of life will only compound the tragedy...
    • 额外的流血和牺牲只会加重这场悲剧。
    • ● The problem is compounded by the medical system here.
    • 这儿的医疗体制使问题进一步恶化。
  • comprehensive 综合的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 综合性的;全面的 Something that is comprehensive includes everything that is needed or relevant.
    • ● The Rough Guide to Nepal is a comprehensive guide to the region.
    • 《尼泊尔概况》是一本全面介绍该地区的旅游指南。
    • ② (N-COUNT; N-IN-NAMES) (英国的公立性)综合中学 In Britain, a comprehensive is a state school in which children of all abilities are taught together.
    • ● ...Birmingham's inner-city comprehensives...
    • 伯明翰旧城区的综合中学
    • ● She taught French at Cheam Comprehensive in South London.
    • 她在伦敦南部的奇姆综合中学教法语。
  • comprise 构成
    • comprise
    • 英[kəmˈpraɪz] 美[kəmˈpraɪz]
    • v. 包括；构成，组成
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：comprised
    • 现在分词：comprising
    • 过去式：comprised
    • 第三人称单数：comprises
    • 双语例句
    • 1.Older people comprise a large proportion of those living in poverty.
    • 在那些生活贫困的人中，老年人占有很大的比例。
    • 2.The committee is comprised of representatives from both the public and private sectors.
    • 委员会由政府和私人部门的双方代表组成。
    • 3.The collection comprises 327 paintings.
    • 这部画册收有327幅画。
  • compute 计算
    • compute
    • 英[kəmˈpjuːt] 美[kəmˈpjuːt]
    • v. 计算，估算
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：computed
    • 现在分词：computing
    • 过去式：computed
    • 第三人称单数：computes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The losses were computed at £5 million.
    • 损失估算为500万英镑。
    • 2.I tried to compute the cash value of the ponies and horse boxes.
    • 我试着算了算马驹和运马拖车的现金价值。
    • 3.Some of them have highly demand on the storage and the compute capability.
    • 对传感器网络中的节点存储能力和计算能力要求过高.
  • conceive 构思；怀孕
    • conceive
    • 英[kənˈsiːv] 美[kənˈsiːv]
    • v. 想象，构想；认为；怀孕
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：conceived
    • 现在分词：conceiving
    • 过去式：conceived
    • 第三人称单数：conceives
    • 双语例句
    • 1.God is often conceived of as male.
    • 上帝常常被想象为男性。
    • 2.I cannot conceive (= I do not believe) (that) he would wish to harm us.
    • 我无法想象他会存心伤害我们。
    • 3.I cannot conceive what it must be like.
    • 我想象不出它会是什么样子。
  • concentrate 浓缩；集中
    • ① (VERB) 全神贯注;集中（心思） If you concentrate on something, or concentrate your mind on it, you give all your attention to it.
    • ● It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself...
    • 是否能专心学习并取得一定成就要靠他自己。
    • ● Water companies should concentrate on reducing waste instead of building new reservoirs...
    • 自来水公司应该集中精力减少水浪费，而不是修建新水库。
    • ② (VERB) 使集中;使汇集 If something is concentrated in an area, it is all there rather than being spread around.
    • ● Italy's industrial districts are concentrated in its north-central and north-eastern regions...
    • 意大利的工业区集中在该国中北部和东北部地区。
    • ● Most development has been concentrated in and around cities.
    • 土地开发主要集中在城市及周边地区。
    • ③ (N-MASS) 浓缩液;浓缩物 Concentrate is a liquid or substance from which water has been removed in order to make it stronger, or to make it easier to store.
    • ● ...orange juice made from concentrate.
    • 用浓缩橙汁冲兑的橙汁
  • concept 概念
    • ① (N-COUNT) 概念;观念 A concept is an idea or abstract principle.
    • ● She added that the concept of arranged marriages is misunderstood in the west.
    • 她补充说，西方人对包办婚姻的概念有些误解。
    • ● ...basic legal concepts.
    • 基本的法律概念
  • conclude 下结论
    • ① (VERB) 推断出;推论出;断定 If you conclude that something is true, you decide that it is true using the facts you know as a basis.
    • ● Larry had concluded that he had no choice but to accept Paul's words as the truth...
    • 拉里断定自己别无选择，只能当保罗的话是真的。
    • ● So what can we conclude from this debate?...
    • 那么从这场辩论中我们能得出什么结论？
    • ② (VERB) 结束(讲话);总结 When you conclude, you say the last thing that you are going to say.
    • ● 'It's a waste of time,' he concluded...
    • “这是浪费时间。”他总结道。
    • ● I would like to conclude by saying that I do enjoy your magazine.
    • 最后，我想说我的确很喜欢你们的杂志。
    • ③ (V-ERG) 结束;终止 When something concludes, or when you conclude it, you end it.
    • ● The evening concluded with dinner and speeches...
    • 这个夜晚在宴会和讲话中结束。
    • ● The Group of Seven major industrial countries concluded its annual summit meeting today.
    • 由主要工业国家组成的七国集团今天结束了其年度峰会。
    • ④ (V-RECIP) 达成(协议等);缔结(条约) If one person or group concludes an agreement, such as a treaty or business deal, with another, they arrange it. You can also say that two people or groups conclude an agreement.
    • ● Mexico and the Philippines have both concluded agreements with their commercial bank creditors...
    • 墨西哥和菲律宾均已与商业银行债权人达成了协议。
    • ● If the clubs cannot conclude a deal, an independent tribunal will decide.
    • 如果俱乐部之间无法达成协议，将由一个独立的仲裁委员会来裁定。
  • concurrent 同时的
    • ① (ADJ) 同时发生的 Concurrent events or situations happen at the same time.
    • ● Galerie St. Etienne is holding three concurrent exhibitions...
    • 圣艾蒂安美术馆同时举办3场展览。
    • ● He will actually be serving three concurrent five-year sentences...
    • 实际上，他将服3个5年徒刑，合并执行。
  • conduct 行为；指挥
    • ① (VERB) 进行;组织;实施 When you conduct an activity or task, you organize it and carry it out.
    • ● I decided to conduct an experiment...
    • 我决定进行一次实验。
    • ● He said they were conducting a campaign against democrats across the country...
    • 他说他们正在全国开展反对民主党人的运动。
    • ② (N-SING) (任务或活动的)组织方式，实施办法 The conduct of a task or activity is the way in which it is organized and carried out.
    • ● Also up for discussion will be the conduct of free and fair elections...
    • 同样提出来进行讨论的还有如何进行自由公正的选举。
    • ● The Conservative Party did not in the main disagree with Bevin's conduct of foreign policy.
    • 保守党大体上不反对贝文的外交施政方式。
    • ③ (VERB) 表现;举止 If you conduct yourself in a particular way, you behave in that way.
    • ● The way he conducts himself reflects on the party and will increase criticisms against him...
    • 他个人的行事方式给该党招来非议，也会招致更多对他个人的批评。
    • ● Most people believe they conduct their private and public lives in accordance with Christian morality.
    • 大多数人认为他们是依照基督教的道德体系来处理自己的私生活和公共事务的。
    • ④ (N-UNCOUNT) 行为;举止 Someone's conduct is the way they behave in particular situations.
    • ● For Europeans, the law is a statement of basic principles of civilised conduct...
    • 对于欧洲人来说，法律是对基本文明行为准则的表述。
    • ● He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his conduct.
    • 别人通过他的行为举止对他进行评判，这一点他很难理解。
    • ⑤ (VERB) 指挥(管弦乐队或合唱团) When someone conducts an orchestra or choir, they stand in front of it and direct its performance.
    • ● Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera in Europe...
    • 丹尼斯最近开始在欧洲担任歌剧指挥，事业发展得很成功。
    • ● Solti will continue to conduct here and abroad...
    • 索尔蒂将继续在国内外担任指挥。
    • ⑥ (VERB) 传导(热或电) If something conducts heat or electricity, it allows heat or electricity to pass through it or along it.
    • ● Water conducts heat faster than air.
    • 水的导热速度比空气快。
    • ⑦ (VERB) 陪伴;引导;带领 If you conduct someone to a place, you go there with them.
    • ● He asked if he might conduct us to the ball which was to bring the proceedings to an end.
    • 他问是否可以带我们去舞会现场，整个仪式将在那儿结束。
  • confer 授予；协商
    • confer
    • 英[kənˈfɜː(r)] 美[kənˈfɜːr]
    • v. 授予，赋予；商议
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：conferred
    • 现在分词：conferring
    • 过去式：conferred
    • 第三人称单数：confers
    • 双语例句
    • 1.An honorary degree was conferred on him by Oxford University in 2001.
    • 牛津大学于 2001 年授予他荣誉学位。
    • 2.He wanted to confer with his colleagues before reaching a decision.
    • 他想与他的同事先商议一下再作出决定。
    • 3.His doctors conferred by telephone and agreed that he must get away from his family for a time.
    • 诊治他的几位医生在电话里讨论了一番，一致认为他必须离开家人一段时间。
  • confine 限制
    • ① (VERB) 限制，限定（防止扩散蔓延） To confine something to a particular place or group means to prevent it from spreading beyond that place or group.
    • ● Health officials have successfully confined the epidemic to the Tabatinga area...
    • 卫生官员成功地将疫情控制在塔巴廷加地区。
    • ● The US will soon be taking steps to confine the conflict.
    • 美国很快就会采取措施限制冲突。
    • ② (VERB) 限制(自己或自己的活动);使受局限 If you confine yourself or your activities to something, you do only that thing and are involved with nothing else.
    • ● He did not confine himself to the one language...
    • 他没把自己局限于这一门语言。
    • ● Yoko had largely confined her activities to the world of big business...
    • 洋子主要是做大生意。
    • ③ (VERB) 监禁;关押；禁闭 If someone is confined to a mental institution, prison, or other place, they are sent there and are not allowed to leave for a period of time.
    • ● The woman will be confined to a mental institution...
    • 这个女人将被关进精神病院。
    • ● He announced that the army and police had been confined to barracks.
    • 他通告说军队和警察已经被禁闭在营房中不得外出。
    • ④ (N-PLURAL) 边界;界限;范围 Something that is within the confines of an area or place is within the boundaries enclosing it.
    • ● The movie is set entirely within the confines of the abandoned factory.
    • 电影的拍摄完全是在这个废弃的工厂厂区内进行。
    • ● ...the wild grass and weeds that grew in the confines of the grandstand.
    • 大看台上丛生的野草
    • ⑤ (N-PLURAL) 限制;局限 The confines of a situation, system, or activity are the limits or restrictions it involves.
    • ● ...away from the confines of the British class system...
    • 超越英国社会等级制度的限制
    • ● I can't stand the confines of this marriage.
    • 我受不了这段婚姻的限制。
  • confirm 证实
    • ① (VERB) 证实，证明(情况属实) If something confirms what you believe, suspect, or fear, it shows that it is definitely true.
    • ● X-rays have confirmed that he has not broken any bones...
    • X光片证实他没有骨折。
    • ● These new statistics confirm our worst fears about the depth of the recession...
    • 这些新的统计数据证实经济衰退已经严重到我们最为担忧的境地。
    • ② (VERB) （某人）证实，肯定，确认 If you confirm something that has been stated or suggested, you say that it is true because you know about it.
    • ● The spokesman confirmed that the area was now in rebel hands...
    • 这位发言人证实该地区现已落入叛乱分子手中。
    • ● He confirmed what had long been feared...
    • 他证实了人们长期以来的担心。
    • ③ (VERB) (通常指通过信件或电话)确定，确认(安排或预约) If you confirm an arrangement or appointment, you say that it is definite, usually in a letter or on the telephone.
    • ● You make the reservation, and I'll confirm it in writing.
    • 你来预订，我会去函确认。
    • ④ (VERB) 为…施坚振礼（或坚信礼）(从而正式成为基督教会的成员) If someone is confirmed, they are formally accepted as a member of a Christian church during a ceremony in which they say they believe what the church teaches.
    • ● He was confirmed as a member of the Church of England.
    • 他领受了坚振礼，成为英国国教会的一员。
    • ⑤ (VERB) 使坚定，使确信(自己的决定、信仰或观点) If something confirms you in your decision, belief, or opinion, it makes you think that you are definitely right.
    • ● It has confirmed me in my decision not to become a nun.
    • 这使我更加坚定了不做修女的决心。
    • ⑥ (VERB) 加强，巩固(地位、角色或权力) If someone confirms their position, role, or power, they do something to make their power, position, or role stronger or more definite.
    • ● Williams has confirmed his position as the world's number one snooker player.
    • 威廉姆斯巩固了自己世界头号斯诺克选手的地位。
    • ⑦ (VERB) 巩固，确保(某人的名声、角色或地位) If something confirms you as something, it shows that you definitely deserve a name, role, or position.
    • ● His new role could confirm him as one of our leading actors.
    • 他的新角色会确保他跻身我们的一流演员之列。
  • conflict 冲突
    • ① (N-UNCOUNT) 争执;争论;分歧 Conflict is serious disagreement and argument about something important. If two people or groups are in conflict, they have had a serious disagreement or argument and have not yet reached agreement.
    • ● Try to keep any conflict between you and your ex-partner to a minimum...
    • 尽量将自己与前配偶之间的摩擦减到最小。
    • ● Employees already are in conflict with management over job cuts...
    • 雇员已经就裁员一事与管理层发生了争执。
    • ② (N-UNCOUNT) 矛盾心理；内心冲突 Conflict is a state of mind in which you find it impossible to make a decision.
    • ● ...the anguish of his own inner conflict.
    • 内心矛盾给他带来的极大痛苦
    • ③ (N-VAR) (军事)冲突;战斗 Conflict is fighting between countries or groups of people.
    • ● ...talks aimed at ending four decades of conflict...
    • 旨在结束持续了40年的冲突的会谈
    • ● The National Security Council has met to discuss ways of preventing a military conflict.
    • 国家安全委员会开会讨论防止发生军事冲突的办法。
    • ④ (N-VAR) (信仰、观念或利益之间的)严重分歧，冲突 A conflict is a serious difference between two or more beliefs, ideas, or interests. If two beliefs, ideas, or interests are in conflict, they are very different.
    • ● There is a conflict between what they are doing and what you want...
    • 他们所做的与你想要的之间存在冲突。
    • ● Do you feel any conflict of loyalties?...
    • 有没有觉得两面效忠存在冲突？
    • ⑤ (V-RECIP) (想法、信仰或陈述)冲突，抵触，相互矛盾 If ideas, beliefs, or accounts conflict, they are very different from each other and it seems impossible for them to exist together or to each be true.
    • ● Personal ethics and professional ethics sometimes conflict...
    • 个人道德和职业道德有时会相互抵触。
    • ● He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with my own...
    • 他所持的观点通常与我的相左，而且很难改变。
  • conform 遵守；符合
    • conform
    • 英[kənˈfɔːm] 美[kənˈfɔːrm]
    • v. 遵守，符合；一致；顺应（大多数人或社会）
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：conformed
    • 现在分词：conforming
    • 过去式：conformed
    • 第三人称单数：conforms
    • 双语例句
    • 1.There is considerable pressure on teenagers to conform.
    • 年轻人被大力要求守规矩。
    • 2.He refused to conform to the local customs.
    • 他拒绝遵从当地的风俗习惯。
    • 3.The building does not conform with safety regulations.
    • 这座建筑物不符合安全条例。
  • consent 同意
    • ① (N-UNCOUNT) 许可;允许 If you give your consent to something, you give someone permission to do it.
    • ● At approximately 11:30 p.m., Pollard finally gave his consent to the search...
    • 大概晚上11点半的时候，波拉德最终同意进行搜查。
    • ● Can my child be medically examined without my consent?
    • 能不经我的同意就对我的孩子进行体检吗？
    • ② (VERB) 同意;允许 If you consent to something, you agree to do it or to allow it to be done.
    • ● He finally consented to go...
    • 他最终同意去了。
    • ● He asked Ginny if she would consent to a small celebration after the christening...
    • 他问金尼是否同意在洗礼之后小小地庆祝一下。
    • ③ (PHRASE) 经一致同意;经双方同意 If something happens by common consent or by mutual consent, it happens as the result of an agreement between the people or groups involved.
    • ● By common consent their talk avoided the reason for their being there at all...
    • 双方达成共识，他们的谈话对他们去那儿的原因完全避而不谈。
    • ● He left the company by mutual consent last September.
    • 去年9月，经双方同意，他离开了公司。
    • ④ (PHRASE) 经普遍同意 You can use by general consent or by common consent to indicate that most people agree that something is true.
    • ● By common consent this election constituted a historic step on the road to democracy.
    • 普遍认为这次选举是迈上民主之路的历史性一步。
  • consequent 必然的
    • ① (ADJ) 因之而起的;作为结果的 Consequent means happening as a direct result of an event or situation.
    • ● The warming of the Earth and the consequent climatic changes affect us all...
    • 地球变暖以及随之而来的气候变化影响着我们所有人。
    • ● The changes in social work consequent upon reorganization have been considerable.
    • 重组引起社会福利工作发生了重大变化。
  • considerable 相当大的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 相当多的;相当大的 Considerable means great in amount or degree.
    • ● To be without Pearce would be a considerable blow...
    • 失去皮尔斯将是一个巨大的打击。
    • ● Doing it properly makes considerable demands on our time...
    • 把这事做好要耗费我们相当多的时间。
  • consist 组成
    • conform
    • 英[kənˈfɔːm] 美[kənˈfɔːrm]
    • v. 遵守，符合；一致；顺应（大多数人或社会）
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：conformed
    • 现在分词：conforming
    • 过去式：conformed
    • 第三人称单数：conforms
    • 双语例句
    • 1.There is considerable pressure on teenagers to conform.
    • 年轻人被大力要求守规矩。
    • 2.He refused to conform to the local customs.
    • 他拒绝遵从当地的风俗习惯。
    • 3.The building does not conform with safety regulations.
    • 这座建筑物不符合安全条例。
  • constant 不断的
    • constant
    • 英[ˈkɒnstənt] 美[ˈkɑːnstənt]
    • adj. 持续不断的；重复的；恒定的
    • n. 常量
    • 变形
    • 复数：constants
    • 双语例句
    • 1.constant interruptions
    • 无休止的干扰
    • 2.a constant stream of visitors all day
    • 整天络绎不绝的游客
    • 3.Babies need constant attention.
    • 婴儿一刻也离不开人。
  • constitute 构成
    • constitute
    • 英[ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt] 美[ˈkɑːnstɪtuːt]
    • v. 组成，构成；被视为；设立
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：constituted
    • 现在分词：constituting
    • 过去式：constituted
    • 第三人称单数：constitutes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.Does such an activity constitute a criminal offence?
    • 难道这样的活动也算刑事犯罪吗？
    • 2.The increase in racial tension constitutes a threat to our society.
    • 种族间紧张状态的升级是对我们社会的一种威胁。
    • 3.Female workers constitute the majority of the labour force.
    • 女性雇员占劳动力的多数。
  • constrain 限制；强制
    • ① (VERB) 约束;限制;强迫 To constrain someone or something means to limit their development or force them to behave in a particular way.
    • ● Women are too often constrained by family commitments and by low expectations...
    • 女性往往受到家庭责任和低期望值的束缚。
    • ● How can we produce top-class engineers when universities are constrained to offer salaries that can only attract mediocre staff?...
    • 大学的财力有限，提供的薪酬仅能吸引水平一般的教师，在这种情况下，我们如何能培养出一流的工程师？
    • ② (PHRASE) 觉得被迫(做某事) If you feel constrained to do something, you feel that you must do it, even though you would prefer not to.
    • ● For some reason he felt constrained to lower his voice.
    • 不知怎么的，他觉得自己必须得压低声音。
  • construct 建造
    • ① (VERB) 建筑;建造;修建 If you construct something such as a building, road, or machine, you build it or make it.
    • ● The French constructed a series of fortresses from Dunkirk on the Channel coast to Douai...
    • 法国人在从敦克尔刻到杜埃的英吉利海峡沿岸修筑了一系列要塞。
    • ● The boxes should be constructed from rough-sawn timber...
    • 这些箱子应该用粗锯木料来做。
    • ② (VERB) 构想，构筑，构思(思想、作品、体系等) If you construct something such as an idea, a piece of writing, or a system, you create it by putting different parts together.
    • ● You will find it difficult to construct a spending plan without first recording your spending...
    • 你会发现不先把自己的开销记录下来就很难制订支出计划。
    • ● He eventually constructed a business empire which ran to Thailand and Singapore...
    • 他最终构筑起了一个延伸至泰国和新加坡的商业帝国。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 复杂的构想(或思想);观念 A construct is a complex idea.
    • ● ...the underlying constructs (beliefs, philosophy, etc.) which influence action and behaviour...
    • 影响行动和行为的根本思想(信仰、处世哲学等)
    • ● It was a re-enactment of the same mental construct under which slavery was justified.
    • 这是为奴隶制辩护的同一思想观念的再现。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 建筑物;建造物;创造物 A construct is something that is built, made, or created.
    • ● As the flimsy constructs soared, the men paid out twine until the kites reached three or four thousand feet...
    • 随着这轻薄的东西向上飞升，这些人慢慢放出细绳，直到风筝飞到三四千英尺高。
    • ● The country was an artificial construct held together by force and intimidation for more than 70 years.
    • 这个国家是靠武力和恐吓维系达七十余年的人治政权。
  • consult 咨询；查阅；请教
    • consult
    • 英[kənˈsʌlt] 美[kənˈsʌlt]
    • v. 咨询；商量；查阅
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：consulted
    • 现在分词：consulting
    • 过去式：consulted
    • 第三人称单数：consults
    • 双语例句
    • 1.I need to consult with my colleagues on the proposals.
    • 我需要和我的同事商讨这些建议。
    • 2.He consulted the manual.
    • 他查阅了使用说明书。
    • 3.I expect to be consulted about major issues.
    • 我认为重大问题必须找我商量。
  • consume 消费；消耗
    • ① (VERB) 吃;喝;饮用 If you consume something, you eat or drink it.
    • ● Many people experienced a drop in their cholesterol levels when they consumed oat bran.
    • 很多人食用燕麦麸后胆固醇水平下降了。
    • ● ...serving chocolate ice-creams for the children to consume in the kitchen.
    • 端上巧克力冰激凌让孩子们在厨房里吃
    • ② (VERB) 消耗，耗费(燃料、能源或时间) To consume an amount of fuel, energy, or time means to use it up.
    • ● Some of the most efficient refrigerators consume 70 percent less electricity than traditional models.
    • 一些极为节能的冰箱比传统型号耗电减少70%。
    • ● ...plans which will consume hours of time and deplete your cash reserves.
    • 要花费若干小时并消耗你留存备用的钱的计划
    • ③ (VERB) (火)烧毁，吞没，吞噬 If a fire consumes a building, it completely destroys it.
    • ● ...the fire which consumed the dwelling.
    • 吞噬了居所的火灾
    • ④ (VERB) (使)沉溺，(使)沉迷，(使)充满(感情或思想) If a feeling or idea consumes you, it affects you very strongly indeed.
    • ● The memories consumed him.
    • 他沉浸在回忆中。
  • contact 接触；联系；联系人
    • ① (N-UNCOUNT) (尤指经常性的)联系，联络 Contact involves meeting or communicating with someone, especially regularly.
    • ● Opposition leaders are denying any contact with the government in Kabul...
    • 反对派领袖否认与喀布尔政府有任何联系。
    • ● He forbade contacts between directors and executives outside his presence.
    • 他禁止董事与管理层绕开他私下进行任何联系。
    • ② (PHRASE) 保持联系;有联系 If you are in contact with someone, you regularly meet them or communicate with them.
    • ● He was in direct contact with the kidnappers...
    • 他与绑架者有直接联系。
    • ● We do keep in contact.
    • 我们确实保持着联系。
    • ③ (VERB) 联系;联络 If you contact someone, you telephone them, write to them, or go to see them in order to tell or ask them something.
    • ● Contact the Tourist Information Bureau for further details...
    • 详情请洽旅游信息处。
    • ● When she first contacted me Frances was upset.
    • 弗朗西丝第一次与我联系时很心烦意乱。
    • ④ (ADJ) (信息、电话号码等)供联系的，供联络的 Your contact details or number are information such as a telephone number where you can be contacted.
    • ● You must leave your full name and contact details when you phone.
    • 打电话时须留下全名与联络信息。
    • ⑤ (N-UNCOUNT) 接触;遇见 If you come into contact with someone or something, you meet that person or thing in the course of your work or other activities.
    • ● Doctors I came into contact with voiced their concern...
    • 我接触到的医生都表示了他们的担心。
    • ● The college has brought me into contact with western ideas.
    • 上大学使我接触了西方的思想。
    • ⑥ (PHR-RECIP) 与…联络;和…取得联系 If you make contact with someone, you find out where they are and talk or write to them.
    • ● Then, after she had become famous, he tried to make contact with her.
    • 后来，她出名之后，他曾试图与她联系。
    • ⑦ (PHR-RECIP) 与…失去联系;与…断了联系 If you lose contact with someone who you have been friendly with, you no longer see them, speak to them, or write to them.
    • ● Though they all live nearby, I lost contact with them really quickly...
    • 虽然他们都住在附近，但我很快与他们失去了联系。
    • ● Mother and son lost contact when Nicholas was in his early twenties.
    • 尼古拉斯20岁出头的时候母子就失去了联系。
    • ⑧ (N-UNCOUNT) 触碰;接触 When people or things are in contact, they are touching each other.
    • ● They compared how these organisms behaved when left in contact with different materials...
    • 他们比较了与不同材料接触时这些生物体的反应。
    • ● The cry occurs when air is brought into contact with the baby's larynx...
    • 婴儿的喉咙接触到空气时，就会哭出来。
    • ⑨ (N-UNCOUNT) (无线电)联络，通信 Radio contact is communication by means of radio.
    • ● He failed to make radio contact.
    • 他未能进行无线电联络。
    • ● ...a technical problem reported by the pilot moments before he lost contact with the control tower.
    • 飞行员与控制塔失去联络前不久报告的技术故障
    • ⑩ (N-COUNT) 熟人;有用的社会关系 A contact is someone you know in an organization or profession who helps you or gives you information.
    • ● Their contact in the United States Embassy was called Phil.
    • 他们在美国大使馆的熟人叫菲尔。
  • contemporary 当代的；同代人
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 当代的;现代的 Contemporary things are modern and relate to the present time.
    • ● She writes a lot of contemporary music for people like Whitney Houston...
    • 她给像惠特尼·休斯敦这样的人写了很多当代音乐作品。
    • ● Perhaps he should have a more updated look, a more contemporary style...
    • 也许他应该有一个更新的形象，更具时代性的风格。
    • ② (ADJ) 同时发生的;同时期的;同时代的 Contemporary people or things were alive or happened at the same time as something else you are talking about.
    • ● ...drawing upon official records and the reports of contemporary witnesses.
    • 利用官方的记录与当时的见证者的报告
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 同时期的人;同时代的人 Someone's contemporary is a person who is or was alive at the same time as them.
    • ● Like most of my contemporaries, I grew up in a vastly different world.
    • 和大多数同辈人一样，我生长在一个截然不同的世界。
    • ● ...a glossary of musical terms found in Shakespeare and his contemporaries.
    • 莎士比亚及其同时代人音乐术语汇编
  • context 上下文；背景
    • ① (N-VAR) (想法、事件等的)背景，环境 The context of an idea or event is the general situation that relates to it, and which helps it to be understood.
    • ● We are doing this work in the context of reforms in the economic, social and cultural spheres.
    • 我们是在对经济、社会、文化诸领域进行改革的背景下从事这项工作的。
    • ● ...the historical context in which Chaucer wrote...
    • 乔叟写作的历史背景
    • ② (N-VAR) 上下文;语境 The context of a word, sentence, or text consists of the words, sentences, or text before and after it which help to make its meaning clear.
    • ● Without a context, I would have assumed it was written by a man.
    • 如果没有上下文，我会以为这是出自一名男子笔下。
    • ③ (PHRASE) 在上下文中;置于背景之下 If something is seen in context or if it is put into context, it is considered together with all the factors that relate to it.
    • ● Taxation is not popular in principle, merely acceptable in context...
    • 征税基本上是不受欢迎的，在一定情境中才勉强为人接受。
    • ● It is important that we put Jesus into the context of history.
    • 我们将耶稣置于历史环境中来看是很重要的。
    • ④ (PHRASE) 脱离上下文;断章取义地 If a statement or remark is quoted out of context, the circumstances in which it was said are not correctly reported, so that it seems to mean something different from the meaning that was intended.
    • ● Thomas says that he has been taken out of context on the issue...
    • 托马斯说，在这个问题上他的话被断章取义了。
    • ● Quotes can be manipulated and used out of context.
    • 引语可能会被篡改，使用时断章取义。
  • contract 合同；收缩
    • ① (N-COUNT) 合同;契约 A contract is a legal agreement, usually between two companies or between an employer and employee, which involves doing work for a stated sum of money.
    • ● The company won a prestigious contract for work on Europe's tallest building...
    • 这家公司赢得了一份极为重要的合同，参与建设欧洲最高的大厦。
    • ● He was given a seven-year contract with an annual salary of $150,000.
    • 他签下了一份为期7年的合同，年薪为15万美元。
    • ② (VERB) 签合同，订立契约(做某事) If you contract with someone to do something, you legally agree to do it for them or for them to do it for you.
    • ● You can contract with us to deliver your cargo...
    • 你可以跟我们签订送货合同。
    • ● The Boston Museum of Fine Arts has already contracted to lease part of its collection to a museum in Japan.
    • 波士顿美术博物馆已经签订合同，将其部分藏品租借给日本一家博物馆。
    • ③ (V-ERG) (使)收缩;(使)缩小;(使)缩短 When something contracts or when something contracts it, it becomes smaller or shorter.
    • ● Blood is only expelled from the heart when it contracts...
    • 血液在心脏收缩的时候从心脏流出。
    • ● New research shows that an excess of meat and salt can contract muscles.
    • 新的研究表明，过量食用肉类和盐可能会导致肌肉收缩。
    • ④ (VERB) (经济、市场等)紧缩，缩小 When something such as an economy or market contracts, it becomes smaller.
    • ● The manufacturing economy contracted in October for the sixth consecutive month.
    • 10月，制造业经济已经连续第6个月出现萎缩状况。
    • ⑤ (VERB) 感染，患(病) If you contract a serious illness, you become ill with it.
    • ● He contracted AIDS from a blood transfusion...
    • 他因为输血而感染了艾滋病。
    • ● Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer contracted by women.
    • 卵巢癌是女性常患的第六大癌症。
    • ⑥ (VERB) 订立(婚约);签订(盟约等) If you contract a marriage, alliance, or other relationship with someone, you arrange to have that relationship with them.
    • ● She contracted a formal marriage to a British ex-serviceman.
    • 她和一个英国退役军人正式订婚了。
    • ⑦ (N-COUNT) 买凶杀人的协议 If there is a contract on a person or on their life, someone has made an arrangement to have them killed.
    • ● The convictions resulted in the local crime bosses putting a contract on him...
    • 这些判罪导致当地犯罪团伙的老大们要雇凶杀他。
    • ● The police advised her to get out of town because there was a contract on her life.
    • 警察建议她离开这个城市，因为有人雇杀手杀她。
    • ⑧ (PHRASE) 签订工作合同的 If you are under contract to someone, you have signed a contract agreeing to work for them, and for no-one else, during a fixed period of time.
    • ● The director wanted Olivia de Havilland, then under contract to Warner Brothers.
    • 导演想要当时签约于华纳兄弟娱乐公司旗下的奥利维娅·德哈维兰出演。
  • contradict 矛盾
    • ① (VERB) 反驳;否认;驳斥 If you contradict someone, you say that what they have just said is wrong, or suggest that it is wrong by saying something different.
    • ● She dared not contradict him...
    • 她不敢反驳他。
    • ● His comments appeared to contradict remarks made earlier in the day by the chairman...
    • 他的意见似乎和当天早些时候主席所说的相矛盾。
    • ② (VERB) 与…矛盾;同… 抵触 If one statement or piece of evidence contradicts another, the first one makes the second one appear to be wrong.
    • ● Her version contradicted the Govern-ment's claim that they were shot after being challenged...
    • 政府声称他们是在受到盘问后被开枪射杀的，而她的说法却与此相矛盾。
    • ● The result seems to contradict a major U.S. study reported last November.
    • 这一结果似乎和去年11月美国研究人员发表的一项重要成果相矛盾。
    • ③ (VERB) 违背;与…背道而驰 If one policy or situation contradicts another, there is a conflict between them, and they cannot both exist or be successful.
    • ● Mr Grant feels that the cutbacks contradict the Government's commitment to better educational standards.
    • 格兰特先生感觉这些缩减措施和政府提高教育水平的承诺背道而驰。
  • contrary 相反的
    • ① (ADJ) 相反的;相对的 Ideas, attitudes, or reactions that are contrary to each other are completely different from each other.
    • ● This view is contrary to the aims of critical social research for a number of reasons...
    • 之所以说此观点违背了批判性社会研究的宗旨，有几点理由。
    • ● Several of those present, including Weinberger, had contrary information.
    • 几个在场的人，包括温博格，所掌握的信息截然不同。
    • ② (PREP-PHRASE) 与…相反 If you say that something is true contrary to other people's beliefs or opinions, you are emphasizing that it is true and that they are wrong.
    • ● Contrary to popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite...
    • 与通常的看法相反，适度的运动事实上会降低食欲。
    • ● Contrary to what you might think, neither man was offended.
    • 你也许以为那两个人生气了，但实际上正相反，两个人都没有生气。
    • ③ (PHRASE) 相反地 You use on the contrary when you have just said or implied that something is not true and are going to say that the opposite is true.
    • ● It is not an idea around which the Community can unite. On the contrary, I see it as one that will divide us.
    • 这种想法并不能让欧共体团结一致。相反地，我认为它会导致我们的分裂。
    • ④ (PHRASE) 恰恰相反;正相反 You can use on the contrary when you are disagreeing strongly with something that has just been said or implied, or are making a strong negative reply.
    • ● 'People just don't do things like that.' — 'On the contrary, they do them all the time.'
    • “人们根本不会做那样的事情。”——“恰恰相反，他们一直在那样做。”
    • ⑤ (PHRASE) 完全相反;完全不同;根本不是 You can use quite the contrary to emphasize a previous negative statement, or when you are making a strong negative reply.
    • ● I'm not a feminist, quite the contrary...
    • 我不是一个女权主义者，根本不是。
    • ● 'Are there any signs that he may quit soon?' — 'Quite the contrary.'
    • “有没有迹象表明他可能很快就会辞职？”——“完全没有。”
    • ⑥ (PHRASE) 相反地 When a particular idea is being considered, evidence or statements to the contrary suggest that this idea is not true or that the opposite is true.
    • ● That does not automatically mean, however, that the money supply has been curbed, and there is considerable evidence to the contrary...
    • 然而，那并不一定意味着货币供应量受到了限制，有大量证据表明事实正好相反。
    • ● Despite repeated assurances to the contrary, Pakistan has not ended its nuclear programme.
    • 尽管巴基斯坦再三保证停止其核项目，但事实却并非如此。
  • contrast 对比
    • ① (N-VAR) 差异;差别;悬殊 A contrast is a great difference between two or more things which is clear when you compare them.
    • ● ...the contrast between town and country...
    • 城乡差别
    • ● The two visitors provided a startling contrast in appearance...
    • 这两位访客的外表截然不同。
    • ② (PHRASE) 相比之下;与…相反 You say by contrast or in contrast, or in contrast to something, to show that you are mentioning a very different situation from the one you have just mentioned.
    • ● The private sector, by contrast, has plenty of money to spend...
    • 相比之下，私营部门就有很多钱可供开销。
    • ● In contrast, the lives of girls in well-to-do families were often very sheltered...
    • 相反，生活在富裕家庭的女孩子通常都备受呵护。
    • ③ (PHRASE) 与…截然不同;与…对比鲜明 If one thing is in contrast to another, it is very different from it.
    • ● His public statements have always been in marked contrast to those of his son...
    • 他和他儿子在公开场合的言论总是截然不同。
    • ● That is in stark contrast to the situation during the 1970 oil crisis.
    • 那和1970年石油危机时的情形完全不同。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 截然不同的事物;差异明显的事物 If one thing is a contrast to another, it is very different from it.
    • ● The boy's room is a complete contrast to the guest room.
    • 这个男孩的房间和客房截然不同。
    • ● ...a country of great contrasts.
    • 一个截然不同的国家
    • ⑤ (VERB) 对比;对照 If you contrast one thing with another, you point out or consider the differences between those things.
    • ● She contrasted the situation then with the present crisis...
    • 她将当时的情况和目前的危机进行对比。
    • ● Contrast that approach with what goes on in most organizations...
    • 将那个方法和大多数机构现行的做法进行对比。
    • ⑥ (V-RECIP) 截然不同;有明显差异;对比鲜明 If one thing contrasts with another, it is very different from it.
    • ● Johnson's easy charm contrasted sharply with the prickliness of his boss...
    • 约翰逊的亲和力和他老板易怒的性格形成了鲜明的对比。
    • ● Paint the wall in a contrasting colour.
    • 把这面墙刷成对比鲜明的颜色。
    • ⑦ (N-UNCOUNT) (照片、电视图像、画作等的)颜色反差，明暗对比 Contrast is the degree of difference between the darker and lighter parts of a photograph, television picture, or painting.
    • ● ...a television with brighter colours, better contrast, and digital sound.
    • 颜色更为鲜艳、图像对比度更高、具备数字音响效果的电视
  • contribute 贡献；捐献；投稿
    • ① (VERB) (为…)做贡献 If you contribute to something, you say or do things to help to make it successful.
    • ● The three sons also contribute to the family business...
    • 这3个儿子也为家族事业做出了贡献。
    • ● I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world...
    • 我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献。
    • ② (VERB) 捐献;捐助;援助 To contribute money or resources to something means to give money or resources to help pay for something or to help achieve a particular purpose.
    • ● The US is contributing $4 billion in loans, credits and grants...
    • 美国将提供40亿美元的信贷和赠款。
    • ● They say they would like to contribute more to charity, but money is tight this year...
    • 他们说他们很想捐献更多的钱支持慈善事业，但是今年的钱非常紧张。
    • ③ (VERB) 促成;促使；是导致…的原因之一 If something contributes to an event or situation, it is one of the causes of it.
    • ● The report says design faults in both the vessels contributed to the tragedy...
    • 报告说两艘船存在的设计缺陷也促成了这场悲剧的发生。
    • ● Stress, both human and mechanical, may also be a contributing factor.
    • 来自人的和机械方面的压力可能也是一个因素。
    • ④ (VERB) (为报刊、书籍等)撰稿 If you contribute to a magazine, newspaper, or book, you write things that are published in it.
    • ● I was asked to contribute to a newspaper article making predictions for the new year...
    • 我受邀为报纸撰写一篇文章，对新的一年进行预测。
    • ● Frank Deford is a contributing editor for Vanity Fair magazine.
    • 弗兰克·德福特是杂志《名利场》的特约编辑。
  • controversy 争议
    • ① (N-VAR) 争论;争议;辩论 Controversy is a lot of discussion and argument about something, often involving strong feelings of anger or disapproval.
    • ● The proposed cuts have caused considerable controversy.
    • 削减开支的提议引起了诸多争议。
    • ● ...a fierce political controversy over human rights abuses.
    • 关于侵犯人权问题的激烈的政治辩论
  • convene 召集
    • convene
    • 英[kənˈviːn] 美[kənˈviːn]
    • v. 召集，集合；开会
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：convened
    • 现在分词：convening
    • 过去式：convened
    • 第三人称单数：convenes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.to convene a meeting
    • 召开会议
    • 2.A Board of Inquiry was convened immediately after the accident.
    • 事故后调查委员会立即召开了会议。
    • 3.The committee will convene at 11.30 next Thursday.
    • 委员会将在下星期四上午11:30开会。
  • converse 相反
    • converse
    • 英[kən'vɜːs] 美[kənˈvɜːrs]
    • v. 交谈，谈话
    • adj. 相反的
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：conversed
    • 现在分词：conversing
    • 过去式：conversed
    • 复数：converses
    • 第三人称单数：converses
    • 双语例句
    • 1.Building new roads increases traffic and the converse is equally true: reducing the number and size of roads means less traffic.
    • 修筑新的道路可增加交通流量，反过来也是同样的道理：减少道路的数量和规模就意味着减少交通流量。
    • 2.the converse effect
    • 相反的效果
    • 3.Building new roads increases traffic and the converse is equally true: reducing the number and size of roads means less traffic.
    • 修筑新的道路可增加交通流量，反过来也是同样的道理：减少道路的数量和规模就意味着减少交通流量。
  • convert 转化
    • ① (V-ERG) (使)改变;更改;(使)转变 If one thing is converted or converts into another, it is changed into a different form.
    • ● The signal will be converted into digital code.
    • 信号会被转变为数字代码。
    • ● ...naturally occurring substances which the body can convert into vitamins.
    • 自然产生的能被身体转化成维生素的物质
    • ② (VERB) 改造，改建(房屋等) If someone converts a room or building, they alter it in order to use it for a different purpose.
    • ● By converting the loft, they were able to have two extra bedrooms.
    • 把阁楼改造一下，他们就可以多出两间卧室。
    • ● ...the entrepreneur who wants to convert County Hall into an hotel...
    • 想把市政厅改建成旅馆的企业家
    • ③ (VERB) 改造，改装(车辆或设备) If you convert a vehicle or piece of equipment, you change it so that it can use a different fuel.
    • ● Save money by converting your car to unleaded...
    • 将车改装一下，使用无铅汽油，这样可以省钱。
    • ● The programme to convert every gas burner in Britain took 10 years.
    • 完成对英国所有煤气灶的改造花了10年时间。
    • ④ (VERB) 换算;折算 If you convert a quantity from one system of measurement to another, you calculate what the quantity is in the second system.
    • ● Converting metric measurements to U.S. equivalents is easy.
    • 将公制计量换算成美制计量非常简单。
    • ⑤ (V-ERG) (使)改变宗教（或政治）信仰;(使)皈依;(使)归附 If someone converts you, they persuade you to change your religious or political beliefs. You can also say that someone converts to a different religion.
    • ● If you try to convert him, you could find he just walks away...
    • 如果你试图改变他的信仰，他就会走开。
    • ● He was a major influence in converting Godwin to political radicalism...
    • 戈德温变成政治激进主义者主要是受他的影响。
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) 皈依者;归附者;改变信仰者 A convert is someone who has changed their religious or political beliefs.
    • ● She, too, was a convert to Roman Catholicism.
    • 她也皈依了天主教。
    • ● ...a Muslim convert now known as Yusuf Islam.
    • 现以优素福·伊斯兰这个名字为大家熟知的伊斯兰教皈依者
    • ⑦ (VERB) 使…迷上;使…热衷于 If someone converts you to something, they make you very enthusiastic about it.
    • ● He quickly converted me to the joys of cross-country skiing.
    • 他很快就使我迷上了越野滑雪。
    • ⑧ (N-COUNT) 刚迷上…的人;最近开始热衷于…的人 If you describe someone as a convert to something, you mean that they have recently become very enthusiastic about it.
    • ● ...recent converts to vegetarianism.
    • 最近开始热衷于素食主义的人
  • convince 使信服
    • ① (VERB) 使确信;使信服;使相信 If someone or something convinces you of something, they make you believe that it is true or that it exists.
    • ● Although I soon convinced him of my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity...
    • 虽然我很快便让他相信我是清白的，但是我想他仍然非常怀疑我是否神志正常。
    • ● The waste disposal industry is finding it difficult to convince the public that its operations are safe.
    • 废物处理行业发现很难让公众相信其操作是安全的。
    • ② (VERB) 说服;劝服 If someone or something convinces you to do something, they persuade you to do it.
    • ● That weekend in Plattsburgh, he convinced her to go ahead and marry Bud.
    • 在普拉茨堡的那个周末，他说服她嫁给巴德。
  • cooperate 合作
    • ① (V-RECIP) 合作;协作 If you co-operate with someone, you work with them or help them for a particular purpose. You can also say that two people co-operate .
    • ● The UN had been co-operating with the State Department on a plan to find countries willing to take the refugees...
    • 联合国一直都在与美国国务院合作推进一项计划，寻找愿意接纳难民的国家。
    • ● The couple spoke about how they would co-operate in the raising of their child...
    • 这对夫妇讲述了他们将如何共同抚养孩子。
    • ② (VERB) 合作;配合 If you co-operate, you do what someone has asked or told you to do.
    • ● He agreed to co-operate with the police investigation...
    • 他同意配合警方的调查。
    • ● The plan failed because the soldiers refused to co-operate.
    • 因为士兵们不肯合作，这项计划宣告失败。
  • coordinate 协调
    • ① (VERB) 协调;调和 If you co-ordinate an activity, you organize the various people and things involved in it.
    • ● Government officials visited the earthquake zone on Thursday morning to co-ordinate the relief effort.
    • 星期四上午，政府官员视察地震灾区，以协调救援工作。
    • ● ...the setting up of an advisory committee to co-ordinate police work.
    • 建立咨询委员会以协调警务工作
    • ② (V-RECIP-ERG) (使)和谐;(使)协调 If you co-ordinate clothes or furnishings that are used together, or if they co-ordinate, they are similar in some way and look nice together.
    • ● She'll show you how to co-ordinate pattern and colours...
    • 她会教你如何搭配款式和颜色。
    • ● Tie it with fabric bows that co-ordinate with other furnishings...
    • 系上与其他装饰相配的布质蝴蝶结。
    • ③ (N-PLURAL) 套装;配套的装饰 Co-ordinates are pieces of clothing or soft furnishings which are similar and which are intended to be worn or used together.
    • ● ...new lingerie co-ordinates.
    • 新的内衣套装
    • ④ (VERB) 使(身体各部分)协调 If you co-ordinate the different parts of your body, you make them work together efficiently to perform particular movements.
    • ● They spend several weeks each year undergoing intensive treatment which enables them to coordinate their limbs better.
    • 他们每年都花费几周的时间接受强化治疗，以使四肢能够更好地协调。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 坐标 The co-ordinates of a point on a map or graph are the two sets of numbers or letters that you need in order to find that point.
    • ● Can you give me your co-ordinates?
    • 您能告诉我您的坐标吗？
    • ● ...the latitude and longitude co-ordinates of any location in the world.
    • 世界各地的经纬坐标
  • core 核心
    • ① (N-COUNT) 果心;核儿 The core of a fruit is the central part of it. It contains seeds or pips.
    • ● Someone threw an apple core...
    • 有人扔了一个苹果核。
    • ● Peel the pears and remove the cores.
    • 将梨削皮去核。
    • ② (VERB) 去掉…的果心;给（水果）去核 If you core a fruit, you remove its core.
    • ● ...machines for peeling and coring apples.
    • 苹果削皮去核机
    • ③ (N-COUNT) (物体、建筑物或城市的)中心部分 The core of an object, building, or city is the central part of it.
    • ● ...the earth's core...
    • 地核
    • ● The core of the city is a series of ancient squares.
    • 市中心是一座接一座古老的广场。
    • ④ (N-SING) (问题的)核心，要点 The core of something such as a problem or an issue is the part of it that has to be understood or accepted before the whole thing can be understood or dealt with.
    • ● ...the ability to get straight to the core of a problem...
    • 直击问题要害的能力
    • ● The notion that blacks comprise a problem is at the core of racist reasoning.
    • 黑人总爱惹事这一观念是种族主义论断的核心。
    • ⑤ (N-SING) 精髓;骨干 A core team or a core group is a group of people who do the main part of a job or piece of work. Other people may also help, but only for limited periods of time.
    • ● We already have our core team in place...
    • 我们的骨干团队已经就位了。
    • ● A core of about six staff would continue with the project.
    • 由大约6名职员组成的骨干队伍将继续该项目。
    • ⑥ (N-SING) 基础（课);核心（科目） In a school or college, core subjects are a group of subjects that have to be studied.
    • ● The core subjects are English, mathematics and science...
    • 基础课是英文、数学和科学。
    • ● I'm not opposed to a core curriculum in principle, but I think requiring a foreign language is unrealistic.
    • 原则上我不反对设置基础课程，但我认为要求掌握一门外语是不现实的。
    • ⑦ (N-SING) 主要业务;主要活动 The core businesses or the core activities of a company or organization are their most important ones.
    • ● The core activities of local authorities were reorganised...
    • 地方政府的主要事务进行了调整。
    • ● The group plans to concentrate on six core businesses...
    • 该集团打算主营6种业务。
    • ⑧ (PHRASE) 彻底的;十足的 You can use to the core to describe someone who is a very strong supporter of someone or something and will never change their views. For example, you can say that someone is Republican to the core .
    • ● The villagers are royalist to the core.
    • 那些村民是十足的保皇主义者。
    • ⑨ (PHRASE) 十分地;极为 If someone is shaken to the core or shocked to the core, they are extremely shaken or shocked.
    • ● Leonard was shaken to the core; he'd never seen or read anything like it.
    • 伦纳德极为震惊;他从未看过或读过这样的东西。
  • corporate 公司的
    • ① (ADJ) 公司的 Corporate means relating to business corporations or to a particular business corporation.
    • ● ...top US corporate executives.
    • 美国顶级公司经理人
    • ● ...the UK corporate sector.
    • 英国企业界
  • correspond 通信；对应
    • ① (V-RECIP) 相类似;相关;相对应 If one thing corresponds to another, there is a close similarity or connection between them. You can also say that two things correspond .
    • ● Racegoers will be given a number which will correspond to a horse running in a race...
    • 观看赛马比赛的观众将获得一个与某一匹赛马相对应的号码。
    • ● A 22 per cent increase in car travel corresponds with a 19 per cent drop in cycle mileage per person...
    • 乘车出行者的比率上升了22%，与之相对应，人均骑自行车的行驶里程下降了19%。
    • ② (V-RECIP) (与…)通信 If you correspond with someone, you write letters to them. You can also say that two people correspond .
    • ● She still corresponds with American friends she met in Majorca nine years ago...
    • 她仍与9年前在马略卡岛结识的美国朋友们通信。
    • ● We corresponded regularly.
    • 我们定期通信。
  • couple 夫妇；两个
    • ① (QUANT) 两个;几个 If you refer to a couple of people or things, you mean two or approximately two of them, although the exact number is not important or you are not sure of it.
    • ● Across the street from me there are a couple of police officers standing guard...
    • 我对面的街上有几名警官在站岗。
    • ● I think the trouble will clear up in a couple of days.
    • 我想问题几天内就会解决。
    • ② (N-COUNT-COLL) 夫妻;情人 A couple is two people who are married, living together, or having a sexual relationship.
    • ● The couple have no children.
    • 这对夫妻没有孩子。
    • ● ...after burglars ransacked an elderly couple's home.
    • 窃贼洗劫了一对老夫妇的家之后
    • ③ (N-COUNT-COLL) (在某种场合在一起或有某种关系的)一对人，两个人 A couple is two people that you see together on a particular occasion or that have some association.
    • ● ...as the four couples began the opening dance...
    • 4对舞伴开始跳开场舞的时候
    • ● They were an odd couple.
    • 他们是奇怪的一对。
    • ④ (VERB) 加上;结合 If you say that one thing produces a particular effect when it is coupled with another, you mean that the two things combine to produce that effect.
    • ● ...a problem that is coupled with lower demand for the machines themselves...
    • 这个问题外加上对机器本身需求量的下降
    • ● Overuse of those drugs, coupled with poor diet, leads to physical degeneration...
    • 过量使用那些药物再加上饮食缺乏营养，导致健康状况恶化。
    • ⑤ (VERB) (把设备等)连接，结合 If one piece of equipment is coupled to another, it is joined to it so that the two pieces of equipment work together.
    • ● Its engine is coupled to a semiautomatic gearbox...
    • 它的发动机与一个半自动变速箱相连接。
    • ● The various systems are coupled together in complex arrays.
    • 多个系统在复杂的数组中连接起来。
  • create 创造；产生
    • create
    • 英[kriˈeɪt] 美[kriˈeɪt]
    • v. 创造；创建；引起；产生；授予
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：created
    • 现在分词：creating
    • 过去式：created
    • 第三人称单数：creates
    • 双语例句
    • 1.He was created a baronet in 1715.
    • 他于1715年被封为准男爵。
    • 2.The government has created eight new peers.
    • 政府新封了八个贵族。
    • 3.They've painted it red to create a feeling of warmth.
    • 他们把它刷成红色以造成一种温暖的感觉。
  • credit 信用；学分；功劳
    • ① (N-UNCOUNT) 赊购;赊欠 If you are allowed credit, you are allowed to pay for goods or services several weeks or months after you have received them.
    • ● The group can't get credit to buy farming machinery...
    • 这些人无法赊购到农用机械。
    • ● You can ask a dealer for a discount whether you pay cash or buy on credit.
    • 无论是付现还是赊购，都可以要求经销商打折。
    • ② (N-UNCOUNT) 结余;存款 If someone or their bank account is in credit, their bank account has money in it.
    • ● The idea that I could be charged when I'm in credit makes me very angry...
    • 想到账户里有余额时还要收费，我就非常气愤。
    • ● I made sure the account stayed in credit...
    • 我确保账户里有余额。
    • ③ (VERB) (给账户)存(钱);把…记入贷方 When a sum of money is credited to an account, the bank adds that sum of money to the total in the account.
    • ● She noticed that only $80,000 had been credited to her account...
    • 她注意到自己的账户里只存进了80,000美元。
    • ● Midland decided to change the way it credited payments to accounts...
    • 米兰银行决定改变付款贷记的方式。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 存款金额;贷记 A credit is a sum of money which is added to an account.
    • ● The statement of total debits and credits is known as a balance.
    • 总借记和总贷记的结算即账户余额。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) (给某人的)一笔钱 A credit is an amount of money that is given to someone.
    • ● Senator Bill Bradley outlined his own tax cut, giving families $350 in tax credits per child...
    • 比尔·布拉德利参议员概述了自己的减税计划，提出每个孩子可为家庭减免350美元的课税。
    • ● Japan has provided about $2.5 billion in credits to Russia and about $50 million in direct aid.
    • 日本向俄罗斯提供了约25亿美元的借款和价值约5,000万美元的直接援助。
    • ⑥ (N-UNCOUNT) 赞扬;称赞;认可 If you get the credit for something good, people praise you because you are responsible for it, or are thought to be responsible for it.
    • ● We don't mind who gets the credit so long as we don't get the blame...
    • 谁受到表扬无所谓，只要我们不挨批就好。
    • ● It would be wrong for us to take all the credit...
    • 如果我们把所有功劳都揽到自己身上，那就不对了。
    • ⑦ (VERB) 认为是…的功劳;把…归于 If people credit someone with an achievement or if it is credited to them, people say or believe that they were responsible for it.
    • ● The staff are crediting him with having saved Hythe's life...
    • 职员们称赞他救了海丝的命。
    • ● The 74-year-old mayor is credited with helping make Los Angeles the financial capital of the West Coast...
    • 洛杉矶成为西海岸的金融中心，那位74岁的市长功不可没。
    • ⑧ (VERB) 认为…有(某种品质) If you credit someone with a quality, you believe or say that they have it.
    • ● I wonder why you can't credit him with the same generosity of spirit...
    • 我想知道你为什么不认为他具有同样崇高的思想境界。
    • ● They are crediting science with power it doesn't possess.
    • 他们过分夸大了科学的力量。
    • ⑨ (N-SING) 为…赢得好感的人(或事物) If you say that someone is a credit to someone or something, you mean that their qualities or achievements will make people have a good opinion of the person or thing mentioned.
    • ● He is one of the greatest British players of recent times and is a credit to his profession.
    • 他是近代英国最伟大的运动员之一，是这一体育运动的骄傲。
    • ⑩ (VERB) 相信;信任 If you cannot credit something, you cannot believe that it is true.
    • ● Roosevelt either did not learn of the scandal or refused to credit what he heard...
    • 罗斯福要么是不知道那桩丑闻，要么是不相信他所听到的。
    • ● It seems hard to credit that such things went on among senior Directors.
    • 高级主管中竟发生了这样的事，真是令人难以置信。
    • ⑪ (N-COUNT) 演职员表;摄制人员名单 The list of people who helped to make a film, a CD, or a television programme is called the credits .
    • ● The star Marlon Brando wants his name removed from the credits.
    • 影星马龙·白兰度要求把他的名字从演职员表中删掉。
    • ● ...a moviegoer who remains in his seat until the credits are over.
    • 直到演职员表播完才离座的影迷
    • ⑫ (N-COUNT) (某些大学获得学位所必需的)学分，学习单元 A credit is a successfully completed part of a higher education course. At some universities and colleges you need a certain number of credits to be awarded a degree.
    • ⑬ (PHRASE) 使值得赞扬(或仰慕) If you say that something does someone credit, you mean that they should be praised or admired because of it.
    • ● You're a nice girl, Lettie, and your kind heart does you credit.
    • 你是个好女孩儿，莱蒂，你的善良值得称赞。
    • ⑭ (PHRASE) （某人的成绩或优点）值得表扬，应予肯定 If you say 'credit where credit's due', you are admitting that you ought to praise someone for something that they have done or for a good quality that they possess.
    • ● His gift was an extremely kind gesture. Credit where credit's due.
    • 他的礼物是很友好的表示，这值得称赞。
    • ⑮ (PHRASE) 相信…具有(某种优良品质);称赞;认可 To give someone credit for a good quality means to believe that they have it.
    • ● Bratbakk had more ability than the media gave him credit for.
    • 布拉特巴克比媒体称赞的要有才华。
    • ⑯ (PHRASE) (常用于提出缺点之后)就优点而言 You say on the credit side in order to introduce one or more good things about a situation or person, usually when you have already mentioned the bad things about them.
    • ● On the credit side, he's always been wonderful with his mother.
    • 就优点而言，他对母亲一直很孝顺。
    • ⑰ (PHRASE) 值得赞扬 If something is to someone's credit, they deserve praise for it.
    • ● She had managed to pull herself together and, to her credit, continued to look upon life as a positive experience...
    • 她已经努力振作起来，而且值得称赞的是，她仍然积极乐观地看待生活。
    • ● Although the offences were horrific it was to her credit that she had owned up.
    • 她的犯罪手段很残忍，但她的供认不讳还是可以认可的。
    • ⑱ (PHRASE) (成就)归于…；在…名下 If you already have one or more achievements to your credit, you have achieved them.
    • ● I have twenty novels and countless magazine stories to my credit.
    • 我著有20部小说，还在杂志上发表了无数篇文章。
  • criteria 标准
    • ① (N-COUNT) (判定的)标准，准则 A criterion is a factor on which you judge or decide something.
    • ● The most important criterion for entry is that applicants must design and make their own work...
    • 最重要的参赛标准是申请者必须设计并制作自己的作品。
    • ● British defence policy had to meet three criteria if it was to succeed.
    • 要想奏效，英国的国防政策必须具备3个条件。
  • crucial 决定性的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 至关重要的;关键性的 If you describe something as crucial, you mean it is extremely important.
    • ● He had administrators under him but took the crucial decisions himself...
    • 他手下有管理人员，但重要的决策仍由他自己来做。
    • ● ...the most crucial election campaign for years...
    • 几年来最重要的竞选活动
  • culture 文化
    • ① (N-UNCOUNT) 文化，文明(如艺术、哲学) Culture consists of activities such as the arts and philosophy, which are considered to be important for the development of civilization and of people's minds.
    • ● There is just not enough fun and frivolity in culture today.
    • 当今的文化恰恰是不够轻松有趣。
    • ● ...aspects of popular culture.
    • 大众文化的方方面面
    • ② (N-COUNT) 文化(尤指拥有特定信仰、生活方式或艺术形式的社会或文明） A culture is a particular society or civilization, especially considered in relation to its beliefs, way of life, or art.
    • ● ...people from different cultures...
    • 来自不同文化背景的人们
    • ● I was brought up in a culture that said you must put back into the society what you have taken out.
    • 我成长于其中的那个社会文化认为，取之社会必须回报社会。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 文化(某组织或群体的一致习惯和行为方式) The culture of a particular organization or group consists of the habits of the people in it and the way they generally behave.
    • ● But social workers say that this has created a culture of dependency, particularly in urban areas...
    • 然而社会工作者认为这使得人们普遍产生了依赖，尤其是在城市地区。
    • ● The institutions have realised they need to change their culture to improve efficiency and service.
    • 这些机构已经意识到需要改变他们的内部文化以提高效率、改进服务。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 培养物;培养菌;培养细胞 In science, a culture is a group of bacteria or cells which are grown, usually in a laboratory as part of an experiment.
    • ● ...a culture of human cells.
    • 人类细胞的培养物
    • ● ...a number of tissue culture experiments.
    • 多次组织细胞培养实验
    • ⑤ (VERB) 培养(细菌);培植(细胞) In science, to culture a group of bacteria or cells means to grow them, usually in a laboratory as part of an experiment.
    • ● To confirm the diagnosis, the hospital laboratory must culture a colony of bacteria.
    • 为进一步确诊，医院实验室必须培养一个细菌菌落。
    • ● ...cultured human blood cells.
    • 培养的人体血细胞
  • currency 货币
    • ① (N-VAR) 通货;货币 The money used in a particular country is referred to as its currency .
    • ● Tourism is the country's top earner of foreign currency...
    • 旅游业是该国外汇创收最多的行业。
    • ● More people favour a single European currency than oppose it.
    • 赞成单一欧洲货币的人占多数。
    • ② (N-UNCOUNT) 通用;流行;流传 If a custom, idea, or word has currency, it is used and accepted by a lot of people at a particular time.
    • ● His theory of the social contract had wide currency in America...
    • 他的社会契约论在美国广为认可。
    • ● 'Loop' is one of those computer words that has gained currency in society.
    • 有一些计算机术语成了社会上的通用词汇,“循环”就是其中一个。
  • cycle 骑自行车；循环
    • ① (VERB) 骑(自行车) If you cycle, you ride a bicycle.
    • ● He cycled to Ingwold...
    • 他骑车去英格伍德。
    • ● Britain could save £4.6 billion a year in road transport costs if more people cycled...
    • 如更多的人骑自行车，英国一年能在道路交通上节省46亿英镑的开销。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 自行车 A cycle is a bicycle.
    • ● ...an eight-mile cycle ride.
    • 骑自行车8英里
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 摩托车 A cycle is a motorcycle.
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 循环；周期 A cycle is a series of events or processes that is repeated again and again, always in the same order.
    • ● ...the life cycle of the plant...
    • 植物的生命周期
    • ● The figures marked the final low point of the present economic cycle...
    • 这些数据显示了目前经济周期的最低点。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) (运转的)一周，一圈;一个工作循环 A cycle is a single complete series of movements in an electrical, electronic, or mechanical process.
    • ● ...10 cycles per second.
    • 每秒10转
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) 组歌;组诗 A cycle is a series of songs or poems that are intended to be performed or read one after the other.
    • ● ...Wagner's Ring cycle.
    • 瓦格纳的《指环》组歌
  • data 数据
    • data
    • 英[ˈdeɪtə] 美[ˈdeɪtə]
    • n. 数据；资料
    • 双语例句
    • 1.This data was collected from 69 countries.
    • 这资料是从69个国家收集来的。
    • 2.the analysis/interpretation of the data
    • 数据分析 / 解读
    • 3.raw data (= that has not been analysed)
    • 原始资料
  • debate 辩论
    • ① (N-VAR) （各自发表不同观点的）辩论，争论，讨论 A debate is a discussion about a subject on which people have different views.
    • ● An intense debate is going on within the Israeli government...
    • 以色列政府内部正在进行激烈的辩论。
    • ● There has been a lot of debate among scholars about this.
    • 学者之间对此一直争论纷纷。
    • ② (N-COUNT) (议会或其他机构就某问题在投票前进行的)辩论 A debate is a formal discussion, for example in a parliament or institution, in which people express different opinions about a particular subject and then vote on it.
    • ● There are expected to be some heated debates in parliament over the next few days.
    • 预计接下来的几天里议会将会进行一些激烈的辩论。
    • ③ (V-RECIP) （与…）辩论，争论，讨论 If people debate a topic, they discuss it fairly formally, putting forward different views. You can also say that one person debates a topic with another person.
    • ● The United Nations Security Council will debate the issue today...
    • 联合国安理会今天将就这个问题展开讨论。
    • ● The causes of anorexia are much debated...
    • 关于厌食的起因存在颇多争论。
    • ④ (VERB) 考虑;盘算;权衡 If you debate whether to do something or what to do, you think or talk about possible courses of action before deciding exactly what you are going to do.
    • ● Taggart debated whether to have yet another double vodka...
    • 塔格特思忖着是否再要一杯双份伏特加。
    • ● At the moment we are debating what furniture to buy for the house...
    • 我们眼下正盘算着为房子购置什么样的家具。
    • ⑤ (PHRASE) 存在争论的;有待讨论的;未确定的 If you say that a matter is open to debate, you mean that people have different opinions about it, or it has not yet been firmly decided.
    • ● Which of them has more musical talent is open to debate.
    • 他们之中谁更有音乐天赋还未有定论。
  • decade 十年
    • decade
    • 英[ˈdekeɪd] 美[ˈdekeɪd]
    • n. 十年
    • 变形
    • 复数：decades
    • 双语例句
    • 1....the last decade of the nineteenth century.
    • 19 世纪的最后 10 年
    • 2.The historical article sketched the major events of the decade.
    • 这篇有关历史的文章概述了这十年中的重大事件.
    • 3.Gone are the support suspenders and gaudy steel rings that strangled the tower for much of the last decade.
    • 过去十几年间斜塔四周起支撑作用的吊杆和绕在塔身上的华而不实的钢圈现已荡然无存.
  • decline 下倾；下降；谢绝
    • ① (VERB) 下降;减少;衰退;衰落 If something declines, it becomes less in quantity, importance, or strength.
    • ● The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000...
    • 员工人数从 21.7万减少到了11.4万。
    • ● Hourly output by workers declined 1.3% in the first quarter...
    • 第一季度工人每小时的产量下降了 1.3%。
    • ② (VERB) 婉拒;谢绝 If you decline something or decline to do something, you politely refuse to accept it or do it.
    • ● He declined their invitation...
    • 他谢绝了他们的邀请。
    • ● The band declined to comment on the story...
    • 乐队拒绝对这一报道作任何评论。
    • ③ (N-VAR) 下降;减少;衰退;衰落 If there is a decline in something, it becomes less in quantity, importance, or quality.
    • ● There wasn't such a big decline in enrollments after all...
    • 注册人数终究还是没有出现如此大幅度的下降。
    • ● ...Rome's decline in the fifth century...
    • 公元5世纪时罗马的衰落
    • ④ (PHRASE) 逐渐势微;正在衰退 If something is in decline or on the decline, it is gradually decreasing in importance, quality, or power.
    • ● Thankfully the smoking of cigarettes is on the decline...
    • 令人欣慰的是，吸烟量在逐渐下降。
    • ● He is still one of the world's most popular golfers, but his game is in decline.
    • 他仍是世界上最受欢迎的高尔夫球选手之一，但他的球技日不如前。
    • ⑤ (PHRASE) 走下坡路;开始衰退 If something goes or falls into decline, it begins to gradually decrease in importance, quality, or power.
    • ● Libraries are an investment for the future and they should not be allowed to fall into decline.
    • 图书馆是对未来的一项投资，不应任其日趋萎缩。
  • deduce 演绎
    • ① (VERB) 推论;推断;演绎 If you deduce something or deduce that something is true, you reach that conclusion because of other things that you know to be true.
    • ● Alison had cleverly deduced that I was the author of the letter.
    • 艾莉森已经聪明地推断出那封信就是我写的。
    • ● The date of the document can be deduced from references to the Civil War...
    • 这份文件的日期可以从其中多次提到内战之处进行推断。
  • define 下定义；明确
    • ① (VERB) 阐明;规定;限定;使明确 If you define something, you show, describe, or state clearly what it is and what its limits are, or what it is like.
    • ● We were unable to define what exactly was wrong with him...
    • 我们说不清楚他到底哪里不对劲。
    • ● He was asked to define his concept of cool.
    • 他被要求说明自己关于“酷”的定义。
    • ② (VERB) 给…下定义;解释 If you define a word or expression, you explain its meaning, for example in a dictionary.
    • ● When people are asked 'What is intelligence?' they tend to reply: 'I don't know how to define it, but I can certainly recognize it when I see it.'...
    • 当被问及“智力是什么”的时候，人们往往会回答说：“我不知道该如何定义它，但我见到了肯定就能认得出。”
    • ● Collins English Dictionary defines a workaholic as 'a person obsessively addicted to work'.
    • 《柯林斯英语词典》给“工作狂”一词下的定义是“一个过分沉溺于工作中的人”。
  • definite 明确的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 明确的;确定的 If something such as a decision or an arrangement is definite, it is firm and clear, and unlikely to be changed.
    • ● It's too soon to give a definite answer...
    • 要给出一个明确的答复，现在还为时过早。
    • ● Her Royal Highness has definite views about most things...
    • 女王陛下对大多数事情都有明确的观点。
    • ② (ADJ) (证据或信息)确凿的，确切的 Definite evidence or information is true, rather than being someone's opinion or guess.
    • ● We didn't have any definite proof...
    • 我们没有任何确实的证据。
    • ● If you have any definite news of my husband, please let me know...
    • 如果有我丈夫的确切消息，请一定告诉我。
    • ③ (ADJ-GRADED) 清楚的;明显的;无疑的 You use definite to emphasize the strength of your opinion or belief.
    • ● There has already been a definite improvement...
    • 已经有了显著的改进。
    • ● That's a very definite possibility.
    • 那是很有可能的。
    • ④ (ADJ-GRADED) 肯定的;有把握的 Someone who is definite behaves or talks in a firm, confident way.
    • ● Mary is very definite about this.
    • 玛丽对此非常肯定。
    • ⑤ (ADJ-GRADED) 清晰的;分明的 A definite shape or colour is clear and noticeable.
    • ● Studying his face in the bathroom mirror he wished he had more definite features.
    • 看着浴室镜子中的脸，他真希望自己的五官能够更分明一些。
  • demonstrate 表明；演示；示威
    • demonstrate
    • 英[ˈdemənstreɪt] 美[ˈdemənstreɪt]
    • v. 证明；说明；(游行)示威；演示
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：demonstrated
    • 现在分词：demonstrating
    • 过去式：demonstrated
    • 第三人称单数：demonstrates
    • 双语例句
    • 1.These results demonstrate convincingly that our campaign is working.
    • 这些结果有力地证明，我们的运动正在发挥作用。
    • 2.Let me demonstrate to you some of the difficulties we are facing.
    • 我来向你说明一下我们面临的一些困难。
    • 3.His sudden departure had demonstrated how unreliable he was.
    • 他突然离去，这说明他是多么不可靠。
  • denote 表示
    • ① (VERB) 预示;是…的征兆;表示;是…的标志 If one thing denotes another, it is a sign or indication of it.
    • ● Red eyes denote strain and fatigue...
    • 眼睛充血表明压力过大、身心疲惫。
    • ● There was a message waiting, denoting that someone had been here ahead of her.
    • 有了一条留言，这表示有人已先于她到了这儿。
    • ② (VERB) （符号等）代表，是…的标记 What a symbol denotes is what it represents.
    • ● In figure 24 'D' denotes quantity demanded and 'S' denotes quantity supplied.
    • 在图 24 中，D 代表需求量而 S 代表供应量。
    • ③ (VERB) 意思是;指代 What a word or name denotes is what it means or refers to.
    • ● In the Middle Ages the term 'drab' denoted a very simple type of woollen cloth which was used by peasants to make their clothes.
    • 中世纪时，drab（“本色布”）一词指的是一种农民用来制衣的非常普通的羊毛织物。
  • deny 否认
    • deny
    • 英[dɪˈnaɪ] 美[dɪˈnaɪ]
    • v. 否认；拒绝承认；戒绝(尤因道德或宗教原因)；拒绝给予
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：denied
    • 现在分词：denying
    • 过去式：denied
    • 第三人称单数：denies
    • 双语例句
    • 1.to deny a claim/a charge/an accusation
    • 否认某种说法 / 指控 / 指责
    • 2.The spokesman refused either to confirm or deny the reports.
    • 发言人对那些报道不置可否。
    • 3.There's no denying (the fact) that quicker action could have saved them.
    • 无可否认，如果行动快一点，本来是救得了他们的。
  • depress 使沮丧
    • ① (VERB) 使抑郁;使沮丧;使消沉 If someone or something depresses you, they make you feel sad and disappointed.
    • ● I must admit the state of the country depresses me...
    • 我必须承认国家的现状让我倍感沮丧。
    • ● I know he is too optimistic but I don't want to depress him.
    • 我知道他太过乐观了，但我不想令他灰心丧气。
    • ② (VERB) 降低;减少 If something depresses prices, wages, or figures, it causes them to become less.
    • ● The stronger U.S. dollar depressed sales.
    • 美元走强导致销售额下降。
  • derive 起源
    • ① (VERB) 获得;取得;得到 If you derive something such as pleasure or benefit from a person or from something, you get it from them.
    • ● Mr Ying is one of those happy people who derive pleasure from helping others.
    • 英先生属于那种助人为乐的快活人。
    • ② (V-ERG) （使）起源于;（使）来自 If you say that something such as a word or feeling derives or is derived from something else, you mean that it comes from that thing.
    • ● Anna's strength is derived from her parents and her sisters...
    • 安娜的坚强源自于她的父母和姐姐们。
    • ● The word Easter derives from Eostre, the pagan goddess of spring.
    • Easter (复活节)一词由Eostre(多神教的春天女神)衍生而来。
  • design 设计；图案
    • ① (VERB) 设计(服装、建筑、机械等) When someone designs a garment, building, machine, or other object, they plan it and make a detailed drawing of it from which it can be built or made.
    • ● They wanted to design a machine that was both attractive and practical.
    • 他们想设计一种既美观又实用的机械。
    • ● ...men wearing specially designed boots.
    • 脚踏特制皮靴的男子
    • ② (VERB) 设计(调查问卷);规划;制订 When someone designs a survey, policy, or system, they plan and prepare it, and decide on all the details of it.
    • ● We may be able to design a course to suit your particular needs...
    • 我们或许可以专门设计一门课程以满足你的特殊需求。
    • ● Computer security systems will be designed by independent technicians...
    • 计算机安全系统将由独立的技师来设计。
    • ③ (N-UNCOUNT) 设计过程;设计艺术 Design is the process and art of planning and making detailed drawings of something.
    • ● He was a born mechanic with a flair for design...
    • 他生来就是个有设计天赋的机械师。
    • ● Most mobile robots are still in the design stage...
    • 大多数移动机器人仍处在设计阶段。
    • ④ (N-UNCOUNT) 设计（样式） The design of something is the way in which it has been planned and made.
    • ● These machines are constantly updated by improving the design of the computers.
    • 通过改善计算机的设计，这些机器不断得到更新。
    • ● ...a new design of clock...
    • 新款时钟
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 设计图;图样;图纸 A design is a drawing which someone produces to show how they would like something to be built or made.
    • ● They drew up the design for the house in a week.
    • 他们在一周内就画出了房子的图样。
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) 图案;花纹 A design is a pattern of lines, flowers, or shapes which is used to decorate something.
    • ● Their range of tableware is decorated with a blackberry design...
    • 他们的整套餐具上都饰有黑莓图案。
    • ● Many pictures have been based on simple geometric designs.
    • 许多画都是基于简单的几何图案。
    • ⑦ (N-COUNT) 计划;打算;意图;企图 A design is a general plan or intention that someone has in their mind when they are doing something.
    • ● Is there some design in having him in the middle?...
    • 让他呆在中间是不是有什么目的？
    • ● The intelligence service conceived a grand design to assassinate the War Minister.
    • 情报机构策划了一项暗杀陆军部长的重大计划。
    • ⑧ (V-PASSIVE) 预定;指定 If something is designed for a particular purpose, it is intended for that purpose.
    • ● This project is designed to help landless people...
    • 这一项目旨在帮助那些没有土地的人。
    • ● It's not designed for anyone under age eighteen.
    • 它不是为18岁以下者设计的。
    • ⑨ (PHRASE) 有意地;故意地;蓄意地 If something happens or is done by design, someone does it deliberately, rather than by accident.
    • ● The pair met often — at first by chance but later by design.
    • 这两个人经常见面——开始是偶然的，后来就是有意的了。
    • ⑩ (PHRASE) 图谋得到;打…的主意 If someone has designs on something, they want it and are planning to get it, often in a dishonest way.
    • ● His colonel had designs on his wife...
    • 他的上校在打他妻子的主意。
    • ● Greece has always stressed that it had no designs on the territory.
  • despite 尽管
    • ① (PREP) 尽管;虽然 You use despite to introduce a fact which makes the other part of the sentence surprising.
    • ● Despite a thorough investigation, no trace of Dr Southwell has been found...
    • 尽管进行了彻底的调查，还是没有发现索思韦尔博士的任何踪迹。
    • ● The National Health Service has visibly deteriorated, despite increased spending...
    • 尽管支出在增加，但国民医疗保健服务的质量却明显下降了。
    • ② (PREP) 不由自主;情不自禁 If you do something despite yourself you do it although you did not really intend or expect to.
    • ● Despite myself, Harry's remarks had caused me to stop and reflect.
    • 哈里的话让我不由自主地停下来细想。
  • detect 检测
    • ① (VERB) 发现;查出;测出 To detect something means to find it or discover that it is present somewhere by using equipment or making an investigation.
    • ● ...a sensitive piece of equipment used to detect radiation...
    • 一件用于探测辐射的灵敏设备
    • ● Most skin cancers can be cured if detected and treated early...
    • 如果早发现早治疗，大多数皮肤癌是可以治愈的。
    • ② (VERB) 觉察;发觉 If you detect something, you notice it or sense it, even though it is not very obvious.
    • ● Arnold could detect a certain sadness in the old man's face.
    • 阿诺德能觉察到老人脸上的一丝悲伤。
  • deviate 偏离
    • ① (VERB) 偏离;背离 To deviate from something means to start doing something different or not planned, especially in a way that causes problems for others.
    • ● They stopped you as soon as you deviated from the script...
    • 一旦你偏离了剧本的内容，他们就会喊停。
    • ● He planned his schedule far in advance, and he didn't deviate from it...
    • 他提前很早就制订出了自己的进度表，然后从未偏离过它。
  • device 装置
    • ① (N-COUNT) 装置;设备;器具;仪器 A device is an object that has been invented for a particular purpose, for example for recording or measuring something.
    • ● ...an electronic device that protects your vehicle 24 hours a day.
    • 24小时保护车辆的电子装置
    • ● ...a device that could measure minute quantities of matter...
    • 能够测量微量物质的设备
    • ② (N-COUNT) 手段;策略;方法;技巧 A device is a method of achieving something.
    • ● They claim that military spending is used as a device for managing the economy.
    • 他们声称军费开支是用来作为调控经济的手段的。
    • ● ...the literary device of the metaphor.
    • 隐喻的文学手法
    • ③ (PHRASE) 听任…自便;让…自行发展;不去管 If you leave someone to their own devices, you leave them alone to do as they wish.
    • ● Left to his own devices, Osborn is a fluent — and often original — guitarist.
    • 任其自由发挥时，奥斯本是一个弹奏流畅、常常富有创意的吉他手。
  • devote 奉献；为…献身
    • ① (VERB) 献（身）；奉献，投入(时间、精力等) If you devote yourself, your time, or your energy to something, you spend all or most of your time or energy on it.
    • ● He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific investigation...
    • 他决定将自己的余生献给科学研究事业。
    • ● Considerable resources have been devoted to proving him a liar...
    • 为了证明他是个骗子已投入了相当多的人力和财力。
    • ② (VERB) 将(文章或讲话的某一部分)专用（于） If you devote a particular proportion of a piece of writing or a speech to a particular subject, you deal with the subject in that amount of space or time.
    • ● He devoted a major section of his massive report to an analysis of US aircraft design...
    • 在他的长篇报告中，他用了很大的篇幅来分析美国飞机的设计。
    • ● Page upon page is devoted to the chain of events leading to the Prime Minister's resignation.
    • 一页又一页的篇幅都用来描述导致首相辞职的一连串事件。
  • differentiate 区分
    • differentiate
    • 英[ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt] 美[ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt]
    • v. 区分，辨别；使有差别
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：differentiated
    • 现在分词：differentiating
    • 名词：differentiation
    • 过去式：differentiated
    • 第三人称单数：differentiates
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The male's yellow beak differentiates it from the female.
    • 雄鸟黄色的喙是与雌鸟相区别的主要特征。
    • 2.It's difficult to differentiate between the two varieties.
    • 这两个品种很难辨别。
    • 3.I can't differentiate one variety from another.
    • 我无法将这几个品种区别开来。
  • dimension 尺寸；维
    • ① (N-COUNT) 方面;部分 A particular dimension of something is a particular aspect of it.
    • ● There is a political dimension to the accusations...
    • 这些指控含有政治方面的因素。
    • ● This adds a new dimension to our work.
    • 这给我们的工作增添了新的内容。
    • ② (N-PLURAL) (情况或问题的)范围，规模，程度 If you talk about the dimensions of a situation or problem, you are talking about its extent and size.
    • ● He considers the dimensions of the problem...
    • 他考虑了问题的严重程度。
    • ● The dimensions of the market collapse were certainly not anticipated.
    • 股市崩盘的严重程度的确是没有预料到的。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) （长、宽、高等的）量度;尺寸;大小;面积 A dimension is a measurement such as length, width, or height. If you talk about the dimensions of an object or place, you are referring to its size and proportions.
    • ● Drilling will continue on the site to assess the dimensions of the new oilfield...
    • 该处的钻探工作将继续下去，以便估测新油田的面积。
    • ● I don't think it would spoil the dimensions of the room.
    • 我不认为它会破坏房间的大小。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) (数学和科学中的)维（度） In mathematics and science, dimension is used in describing spatial concepts such as points, lines, and solids.
  • diminish 减少
    • ① (V-ERG) （使）减小;（使）减弱;（使）降低 When something diminishes, or when something diminishes it, it becomes reduced in size, importance, or intensity.
    • ● The threat of nuclear war has diminished...
    • 核战争的威胁已经减小了。
    • ● Federalism is intended to diminish the power of the central state...
    • 联邦制旨在削弱中央政府的权力。
    • ② (VERB) 贬低;轻视 If you diminish someone or something, you talk about them or treat them in a way that makes them appear less important than they really are.
    • ● He never put her down or diminished her...
    • 他从未奚落或贬低过她。
    • ● He could no longer cope; he relied on me, and felt diminished by it.
    • 他再也无法承受，他依赖我，却因此觉得是受了轻贱。
  • discrete 分离的
    • ① (ADJ) 分离的;互不连接的;不相关的 Discrete ideas or things are separate and distinct from each other.
    • ● ...instruction manuals that break down jobs into scores of discrete steps.
    • 把工作分解成许多独立步骤的指导手册
  • discriminate 区别；歧视
    • ① (VERB) 区分;辨别 If you can discriminate between two things, you can recognize that they are different.
    • ● He is incapable of discriminating between a good idea and a terrible one...
    • 他分不清主意的好坏。
    • ● The device can discriminate between the cancerous and the normal cells.
    • 这台仪器可以辨别癌细胞和正常的细胞。
    • ② (VERB) 区别对待;歧视;偏袒 To discriminate against a group of people or in favour of a group of people means to unfairly treat them worse or better than other groups.
    • ● They believe the law discriminates against women.
    • 他们认为该项法律歧视女性。
    • ● ...legislation which would discriminate in favour of racial minorities...
    • 偏袒少数种族的立法
  • displace 移置
    • ① (VERB) 取代;代替;置换 If one thing displaces another, it forces the other thing out of its place, position, or role, and then occupies that place, position, or role itself.
    • ● These factories have displaced tourism as the country's largest source of foreign exchange...
    • 这些工厂已取代旅游业成为该国最大的外汇来源。
    • ● Coal is to be displaced by natural gas and nuclear power.
    • 煤炭将让位于天然气和核能。
    • ② (VERB) 迫使…离开家园;迫使…迁徙;迫使…背井离乡 If a person or group of people is displaced, they are forced to moved away from the area where they live.
    • ● In Europe alone thirty million people were displaced...
    • 仅在欧洲就有3,000万人被迫背井离乡。
    • ● Most of the civilians displaced by the war will be unable to return to their homes.
    • 许多因战乱而流离失所的百姓将无法重返家园。
  • display 展览；显示
    • ① (VERB) 展示;展览;陈列 If you display something that you want people to see, you put it in a particular place, so that people can see it easily.
    • ● Among the protesters and war veterans proudly displaying their medals was Aubrey Rose...
    • 在抗议者和骄傲地展示勋章的退伍老兵中，就有奥布里·罗斯。
    • ● The cabinets display seventeenth-century blue-and-white porcelain.
    • 展柜中陈列着17世纪的青花瓷。
    • ② (VERB) 展现;展示 If you display something, you show it to people.
    • ● She displayed her wound to the twelve gentlemen of the jury...
    • 她给陪审团的 12 位男士看了她的伤口。
    • ● The chart can then display the links connecting these groups.
    • 这张图就会显示出这些群体之间的关联。
    • ③ (VERB) 显示，显露，表现(特性或情感) If you display a characteristic, quality, or emotion, you behave in a way which shows that you have it.
    • ● It was unlike Gordon to display his feelings...
    • 戈登不太可能表露他的情感。
    • ● He has displayed remarkable courage in his efforts to reform the party.
    • 在政党改革中，他表现出了非凡的勇气。
    • ④ (VERB) (计算机)显示 When a computer displays information, it shows it on a screen.
    • ● They started out by looking at the computer screens which display the images...
    • 他们开始在显示那些图像的电脑屏幕上寻找。
    • ● Using the option to display only text speeds things up a lot.
    • 选用纯文本显示可以使速度大幅提升。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 展示;展览;陈列 A display is an arrangement of things that have been put in a particular place, so that people can see them easily.
    • ● ...a display of your work...
    • 你的成果展示
    • ● She was leaning against a display case of prints of Paris.
    • 她正倚靠在一个展示巴黎照片的陈列柜上。
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) 表演 A display is a public performance or other event which is intended to entertain people.
    • ● ...the firework display.
    • 烟火表演
    • ● ...gymnastic displays.
    • 体操表演
    • ⑦ (N-COUNT) (计算机屏幕上的)显示，显像;显示器 The display on a computer screen is the information that is shown there. The screen itself can also be referred to as the display .
    • ● A hard copy of the screen display can also be obtained from a printer.
    • 屏幕上显示的内容也可以通过打印机打印一份。
    • ● ...obscure error messages appearing on the display.
    • 显示器上出现的令人费解的错误信息
  • dispose 处理
    • dispose
    • 英[dɪˈspəʊz] 美[dɪˈspoʊz]
    • v. 排列，安排；使倾向于
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：disposed
    • 现在分词：disposing
    • 过去式：disposed
    • 第三人称单数：disposes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.a drug that disposes the patient towards sleep
    • 使病人想睡觉的药
    • 2.the difficulties of disposing of nuclear waste
    • 处理核废料的困难
    • 3.to dispose of stolen property
    • 销赃
  • distinct 清晰的；独特的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 有区别的;不同的;个别的 If something is distinct from something else of the same type, it is different or separate from it.
    • ● Engineering and technology are disciplines distinct from one another and from science...
    • 工程学和工艺学互不相同，也有别于自然学科。
    • ● This book is divided into two distinct parts.
    • 这本书分为内容不同的两部分。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 清楚的;清晰的;明显的 If something is distinct, you can hear, see, or taste it clearly.
    • ● ...to impart a distinct flavor with a minimum of cooking fat.
    • 用最少量的食用油来调出一种独特的口味
    • ③ (ADJ-GRADED) 确定无疑的;确切的;清楚的 If an idea, thought, or intention is distinct, it is clear and definite.
    • ● Now that Tony was no longer present, there was a distinct change in her attitude...
    • 由于托尼不在场了，她的态度有了明显的转变。
    • ● I have distinct memories of him in his last years.
    • 我清楚地记得他最后几年的情况。
    • ④ (ADJ-GRADED) 显著的;明显的 You can use distinct to emphasize that something is great enough in amount or degree to be noticeable or important.
    • ● Being 6ft 3in tall has some distinct disadvantages!
    • 身高6英尺3英寸有些明显的不便之处！
    • ● Another Cup marathon between the two sides is now a distinct possibility.
    • 双方很可能再进行一场马拉松式的优胜杯比赛。
    • ⑤ (PREP-PHRASE) 截然不同于;完全不同于;有区别于 If you say that you are talking about one thing as distinct from another, you are indicating exactly which thing you mean.
    • ● There's a lot of evidence that oily fish, as distinct from fatty meat, has a beneficial effect.
    • 有许多证据表明油性鱼，与高脂肪肉不同，对人体有益。
  • distort 歪曲
    • distort
    • 英[dɪˈstɔːt] 美[dɪˈstɔːrt]
    • v. 歪曲，曲解；（使）变形，失真
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：distorted
    • 现在分词：distorting
    • 名词：distortion
    • 过去式：distorted
    • 第三人称单数：distorts
    • 双语例句
    • 1.a distortion of the facts
    • 对事实的歪曲
    • 2.a fairground mirror that distorts your shape
    • 露天游乐场的哈哈镜
    • 3.The loudspeaker seemed to distort his voice.
    • 他的声音从喇叭里传出来好像失真了。
  • distribute 分布
    • distribute
    • 英[dɪˈstrɪbjuːt] 美[dɪˈstrɪbjuːt]
    • v. 分发；配销；分配；分散；撒，播
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：distributed
    • 现在分词：distributing
    • 过去式：distributed
    • 第三人称单数：distributes
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The organization distributed food to the earthquake victims.
    • 这个机构向地震灾民分发了食品。
    • 2.The newspaper is distributed free.
    • 这份报纸免费发送。
    • 3.The money was distributed among schools in the area.
    • 这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。
  • diverse 多样的
    • diverse
    • 英[daɪˈvɜːs] 美[daɪˈvɜːrs]
    • adj. 形形色色的；不同的
    • 双语例句
    • 1.people from diverse cultures
    • 不同文化背景的人
    • 2.My interests are very diverse.
    • 我的兴趣非常广泛。
    • 3....shops selling a diverse range of gifts...
    • 出售各种礼品的商店
  • document 文件
    • ① (N-COUNT) 文件;公文;文献;证件 A document is one or more official pieces of paper with writing on them.
    • ● The foreign ministers of the two countries signed the documents today.
    • 两国的外交大臣今天签署了文件。
    • ● ...a policy document for the Labour Party conference...
    • 为工党大会准备的政策文件
    • ② (N-COUNT) (计算机)文件，文档 A document is a piece of text or graphics, for example a letter, that is stored as a file on a computer and that you can access in order to read it or change it.
    • ● When you are finished typing, remember to save your document.
    • 完成录入后，记得将文档存盘。
    • ③ (VERB) 记录，记载(详情) If you document something, you make a detailed record of it in writing or on film or tape.
    • ● He wrote a book documenting his prison experiences...
    • 他写书详细记录了他的狱中经历。
    • ● The effects of smoking have been well documented.
    • 有关吸烟的影响记录翔实。
  • domain 领域；域
    • ① (N-COUNT) (尤指某人有控制力、影响力或权利的)领域，范围，范畴 A domain is a particular field of thought, activity, or interest, especially one over which someone has control, influence, or rights.
    • ● ...the great experimenters in the domain of art...
    • 艺术领域伟大的实验者们
    • ● This information should be in the public domain.
    • 这一消息应该为公众所知。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 领土;势力范围 Someone's domain is the area they own or have control over.
    • ● ...the mighty king's domain.
    • 势力强大的国王的领土
    • ③ (N-COUNT) (因特网上的)域 On the Internet, a domain is a set of addresses that shows, for example, the category or geographical area that an Internet address belongs to.
  • domestic 国内的；家庭的
    • domestic
    • 英[dəˈmestɪk] 美[dəˈmestɪk]
    • adj. 国内的；家用的；喜爱家庭生活的；驯养的
    • n. 家佣，家政工
    • 变形
    • 副词：domestically
    • 复数：domestics
    • 双语例句
    • 1.domestically produced goods
    • 本国产品
    • 2.The police were called to sort out a domestic.
    • 已叫警察来解决家庭纠纷。
    • 3.I'm not a very domestic sort of person.
    • 我不是那种很喜欢待在家里的人。
  • dominate 支配
    • ① (VERB) 在…中占首要地位，在…中最具影响力 To dominate a situation means to be the most powerful or important person or thing in it.
    • ● The book is expected to dominate the best-seller lists...
    • 这本书预计会占据畅销书排行榜的榜首。
    • ● ...countries where life is dominated by war...
    • 战事频繁的国家
    • ② (VERB) 控制;统治;支配 If one country or person dominates another, they have power over them.
    • ● He denied that his country wants to dominate Europe...
    • 他否认他的国家想要控制欧洲。
    • ● Women are no longer dominated by the men in their relationships...
    • 在两性关系中女性不再受制于男性。
    • ③ (VERB) 俯视;高耸于 If a building, mountain, or other object dominates an area, it is so large or impressive that you cannot avoid seeing it.
    • ● It's one of the biggest buildings in this area, and it really dominates this whole place.
    • 这是该地区最大的建筑物之一，雄踞在整个地区之上。
    • ● ...its skyline dominated by the central mosque.
    • 中央的清真寺高耸天际
  • draft 草稿；通风；起草
    • draft
    • 英[drɑːft] 美[dræft]
    • n. 草稿；征兵；汇票；运动员选拔
    • v. 起草；征召…入伍；选拔进职业队；选派
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：drafted
    • 现在分词：drafting
    • 过去式：drafted
    • 复数：drafts
    • 第三人称单数：drafts
    • 双语例句
    • 1.I've made a rough draft of the letter.
    • 我已经写好这封信的草稿。
    • 2.This is only the first draft of my speech.
    • 这只是我演讲的初稿。
    • 3.the final draft (= the final version)
    • 定稿
  • drama 戏剧
    • ① (N-COUNT) 戏;剧 A drama is a serious play for the theatre, television, or radio.
    • ● He acted in radio dramas.
    • 他在广播剧中扮演角色。
    • ② (N-UNCOUNT) 戏剧;戏剧艺术;戏剧事业 You use drama to refer to plays in general or to work that is connected with plays and the theatre, such as acting or producing.
    • ● He knew nothing of Greek drama...
    • 他对希腊戏剧一无所知。
    • ● She met him when she was at drama school.
    • 她在戏剧学校上学时认识了他。
    • ③ (N-VAR) 戏剧性事件;戏剧性情节 You can refer to a real situation which is exciting or distressing as drama .
    • ● There was none of the drama and relief of a hostage release...
    • 丝毫没有释放人质时的那种激动和如释重负的感觉。
    • ● For all its drama, the event was not unexpected.
    • 虽然这件事带有戏剧性，但并不意外。
  • duration 持续时间
    • duration
    • 英[djuˈreɪʃn] 美[duˈreɪʃn]
    • n. 持续时间；期间
    • 变形
    • 复数：durations
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The school was used as a hospital for the duration of the war.
    • 战争期间这所学校被用作医院。
    • 2.a contract of three years' duration
    • 三年期的合同
    • 3.His wounds knocked him out of combat for the duration.
    • 他的伤病使他在整个期间都无法参赛。
  • dynamic 有活力的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) (人)精力充沛的,有干劲的,富有创新思想的 If you describe someone as dynamic, you approve of them because they are full of energy or full of new and exciting ideas.
    • ● He seemed a dynamic and energetic leader...
    • 他似乎是一个富有干劲、精力充沛的领导。
    • ● Marcus was handsome, dynamic and ambitious.
    • 马库斯仪表堂堂,精力充沛且雄心勃勃。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 活跃的;充满活力的 If you describe something as dynamic, you approve of it because it is very active and energetic.
    • ● South Asia continues to be the most dynamic economic region in the world.
    • 南亚仍然是世界上经济最活跃的地区。
    • ● ...90 minutes of dynamic Indian folk dance.
    • 90 分钟活力四射的印第安民间舞蹈
    • ③ (ADJ) 动态的;发展变化的 A dynamic process is one that constantly changes and progresses.
    • ● ...a dynamic, evolving worldwide epidemic...
    • 不断发生变异、在世界范围内传播的流行病
    • ● Political debate is dynamic.
    • 政治辩论是不断发展变化的。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) (引起改变或进步的)动力，活力 The dynamic of a system or process is the force that causes it to change or progress.
    • ● The dynamic of the market demands constant change and adjustment...
    • 市场要有活力，需要不断地改变和调整。
    • ● Politics has its own dynamic.
    • 政治有其自身的驱动力。
    • ⑤ (N-PLURAL) 相互作用;动态 The dynamics of a situation or group of people are the opposing forces within it that cause it to change.
    • ● ...the dynamics of the social system...
    • 社会体制的动态
    • ● The interchange of ideas aids an understanding of family dynamics.
    • 思想的交流有助于理解家庭动态。
    • ⑥ (N-UNCOUNT) 驱动力 Dynamics are forces which produce power or movement.
    • ● Scientists observe the same dynamics in fluids.
    • 科学家们在液体中观察到了同样的驱动力。
    • ⑦ (N-UNCOUNT) 力学;动力学 Dynamics is the scientific study of motion, energy, and forces.
    • ● His idea was to apply geometry to dynamics.
    • 他的想法就是将几何学应用在力学上。
  • economy 经济；节约
    • economy
    • 英[ɪˈkɒnəmi] 美[ɪˈkɑːnəmi]
    • n. 经济；经济制度；节约
    • 变形
    • 复数：economies
    • 双语例句
    • 1.an economy fare (= the cheapest)
    • 经济舱票价
    • 2.We need to make substantial economies.
    • 我们需要厉行节约。
    • 3.It's a false economy to buy cheap clothes (= it seems cheaper but it is not really since they do not last very long) .
    • 买便宜衣服实际上划不来。
  • edit 编辑
    • edit
    • 英[ˈedɪt] 美[ˈedɪt]
    • v. 剪辑；编辑；主编
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：edited
    • 现在分词：editing
    • 过去式：edited
    • 第三人称单数：edits
    • 双语例句
    • 1.They're showing the edited highlights of last month's game.
    • 他们正在放映上月比赛的精彩片段剪辑。
    • 2.She used to edit a women's magazine.
    • 她曾主编过妇女杂志。
    • 3.I had time to do a quick edit of my essay before handing it in.
    • 我呈交论文之前有点时间，很快地校订了一遍。
  • element 元素
    • ① (N-COUNT) 成分;组成部分 The different elements of something are the different parts it contains.
    • ● The exchange of prisoners of war was one of the key elements of the UN's peace plan.
    • 交换战俘是联合国和平计划的一个重要部分。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 要素；基本部分 A particular element of a situation, activity, or process is an important quality or feature that it has or needs.
    • ● Fitness has now become an important element in our lives.
    • 现在健康已经成为我们生活中的一个要素。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) （社会或组织内部具有相同目标、信仰或习惯的）一群人，一组人，分子 When you talk about elements within a society or organization, you are referring to groups of people who have similar aims, beliefs, or habits.
    • ● ...criminal elements within the security forces.
    • 安保部队中的犯罪分子
    • ● ...the hooligan element.
    • 流氓团伙
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 些许;一些 If something has an element of a particular quality or emotion, it has a certain amount of this quality or emotion.
    • ● These reports clearly contain elements of propaganda.
    • 这些报告明显带有一些宣传的意味。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) （化学中的）元素 An element is a substance such as gold, oxygen, or carbon that consists of only one type of atom.
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) （电炉、热水器等的）电热元件，电热丝 The element in an electric fire or water heater is the metal part which changes the electric current into heat.
    • ● With its unique heating element it makes perfect coffee.
    • 其独特的电热元件使它能够煮出非常美味的咖啡。
    • ⑦ (N-PLURAL) 天气；（尤指）风雨 You can refer to the weather, especially wind and rain, as the elements .
    • ● The area where most refugees are waiting is exposed to the elements.
    • 大多数难民等待救济的地方都不能挡风遮雨。
    • ⑧ (PHRASE) 自在;适得其所;如鱼得水 If you say that someone is in their element, you mean that they are in a situation they enjoy.
    • ● My stepmother was in her element, organizing everything...
    • 我的继母得心应手地料理着一切。
    • ● Maybe it's because they're so out of their element that they feel the need to talk.
    • 可能是因为他们感到非常不自在，所以觉得有必要说说话。
  • eliminate 消除
    • eliminate
    • 英[ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt] 美[ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt]
    • v. 排除，清除；淘汰；消灭
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：eliminated
    • 现在分词：eliminating
    • 名词：elimination
    • 过去式：eliminated
    • 第三人称单数：eliminates
    • 双语例句
    • 1.the elimination of toxins from the body
    • 排除体内毒素
    • 2.There were three eliminations in the first round of the competition.
    • 比赛第一轮淘汰了三个队。
    • 3.Credit cards eliminate the need to carry a lot of cash.
    • 有了信用卡就用不着携带很多现金。
  • emerge 出现
    • ① (VERB) 出现;露出 To emerge means to come out from an enclosed or dark space such as a room or a vehicle, or from a position where you could not be seen.
    • ● Richard was waiting outside the door as she emerged...
    • 她出现的时候，理查德正在门外等着。
    • ● The postman emerged from his van soaked to the skin.
    • 邮递员从他的厢式货车中出来，浑身湿透了。
    • ② (VERB) （从困境或不好的经历中）摆脱出来，熬出来 If you emerge from a difficult or bad experience, you come to the end of it.
    • ● There is growing evidence that the economy is at last emerging from recession.
    • 有越来越多的证据表明经济终于开始摆脱萧条。
    • ● ...their plans to emerge from bankruptcy by February of next year.
    • 他们计划于明年2月之前摆脱破产困境
    • ③ (VERB) （事实或结果）显露，显现，暴露 If a fact or result emerges from a period of thought, discussion, or investigation, it becomes known as a result of it.
    • ● ...the growing corruption that has emerged in the past few years...
    • 过去几年暴露出来的越来越多的腐败现象
    • ● It soon emerged that neither the July nor August mortgage repayment had been collected...
    • 很快就发现，原来7月和8月的抵押还款都没有偿还。
    • ④ (VERB) 显露;露头;显现 If someone or something emerges as a particular thing, they become recognized as that thing.
    • ● Mr Shevardnadze emerged as a major figure in the reform movement...
    • 谢瓦尔德纳泽先生逐渐成为改革运动的重要人物。
    • ● Vietnam has emerged as the world's third-biggest rice exporter...
    • 越南已跃居世界第三大稻米出口国。
    • ⑤ (VERB) （机构、行业等）形成，兴起，出现 When something such as an organization or an industry emerges, it comes into existence.
    • ● ...the new republic that emerged in October 1917.
    • 1917年10月成立的新共和国
    • ● ...a loose alliance of developed and emerging countries.
    • 发达国家和新兴国家之间的松散联盟
  • emphasis 强调
    • emphasis
    • 英[ˈemfəsɪs] 美[ˈemfəsɪs]
    • n. 强调，重要性；重读
    • 变形
    • 复数：emphases
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The emphasis is very much on learning the spoken language.
    • 重点主要放在学习口语上。
    • 2.The course has a vocational emphasis.
    • 这门课程着重职业培训。
    • 3.We provide all types of information, with an emphasis on legal advice.
    • 我们提供各种信息服务，尤其是法律咨询。
  • empirical 经验的
    • ① (ADJ) 经验主义的;以经验为依据的 Empirical evidence or study relies on practical experience rather than theories.
    • ● There is no empirical evidence to support his thesis.
    • 他的论文缺乏实验证据的支持。
  • enable 使能够
    • ① (VERB) 使能够;使有机会 If someone or something enables you to do a particular thing, they give you the opportunity to do it.
    • ● The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early.
    • 新的检测手段应该能够使医生们尽早查出这种疾病。
    • ● ...a new charter for training to enable young people to make the most of their potential.
    • 能够使年轻人充分发挥潜能的新培训规章
    • ② (VERB) 使成为可能；使可行 To enable something to happen means to make it possible for it to happen.
    • ● The hot sun enables the grapes to reach optimum ripeness...
    • 炙热的阳光使葡萄能够达到最佳成熟状态。
    • ● A series of holes in the side panels enables the position of the shelves to be adjusted...
    • 通过侧板上的一系列小孔可以对隔板位置进行调整。
    • ③ (VERB) 准许;许可;授权 To enable someone to do something means to give them permission or the right to do it.
    • ● The republic's legislation enables young people to do a form of alternative service.
    • 共和国的法律允许年轻人服某种形式的替代役。
  • encounter 遇到
    • ① (VERB) 遇到，遭遇（问题、困难） If you encounter problems or difficulties, you experience them.
    • ● Every day of our lives we encounter stresses of one kind or another...
    • 我们在每天的生活中会面临这样或那样的压力。
    • ● Environmental problems they found in Poland were among the worst they encountered.
    • 他们在波兰发现的环境问题是他们遇到过的最严重的。
    • ② (VERB) 偶遇;邂逅 If you encounter someone, you meet them, usually unexpectedly.
    • ● Did you encounter anyone in the building?...
    • 你在大楼里遇到谁了么？
    • ● Renata wrote him that she had encountered her long-estranged father.
    • 雷娜塔写信告诉他说她碰到了分离多年的父亲。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 偶遇;邂逅;(重要的)相逢 An encounter with someone is a meeting with them, particularly one that is unexpected or significant.
    • ● The author tells of a remarkable encounter with a group of South Vietnamese soldiers.
    • 作者讲述了和一群南越士兵的奇遇。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 特殊经历;特殊体验 An encounter is a particular type of experience.
    • ● ...a sexual encounter.
    • 性体验
    • ● ...his first serious encounter with alcohol.
    • 他第一次正儿八经喝酒的经历
  • energy 精力；能量
    • ① (N-UNCOUNT) 力气;力量 Energy is the ability and strength to do active physical things and the feeling that you are full of physical power and life.
    • ● He was saving his energy for next week's race in Belgium...
    • 他正为下周在比利时的比赛养精蓄锐。
    • ● We try to boost our energy by eating.
    • 我们试图通过吃东西来增强体力。
    • ② (N-UNCOUNT) 毅力；活力 Energy is determination and enthusiasm about doing things.
    • ● At 54 years old her energy and looks are magnificent...
    • 她54岁了，精力和气色都非常好。
    • ● You have drive and energy for those things you are interested in.
    • 你对那些感兴趣的事情干劲十足。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 努力;精力 Your energies are your efforts and attention, which you can direct towards a particular aim.
    • ● She had started to devote her energies to teaching rather than performing...
    • 她已经开始将精力从表演转移到教学中。
    • ● We must concentrate our energies on treating addiction first.
    • 我们必须首先集中精力治疗毒瘾。
    • ④ (N-UNCOUNT) 能量;能源 Energy is the power from sources such as electricity and coal that makes machines work or provides heat.
    • ● ...those who favour nuclear energy...
    • 那些支持利用核能的人
    • ● Oil shortages have brought on an energy crisis...
    • 石油短缺已经造成了能源危机。
  • enforce 实施
    • ① (VERB) 强行实施，强制执行（法律、规定等） If people in authority enforce a law or a rule, they make sure that it is obeyed, usually by punishing people who do not obey it.
    • ● Until now, the government has only enforced the ban with regard to American ships...
    • 到目前为止，政府仅仅对美国船只实施了禁令。
    • ● The measures are being enforced by Interior Ministry troops.
    • 这些措施正由内政部部队实施。
    • ② (VERB) 强行实施；强加；迫使 To enforce something means to force or cause it to be done or to happen.
    • ● They struggled to limit the cost by enforcing a low-tech specification...
    • 他们通过实施低技术规格拼命限制成本。
    • ● David is now living in Beirut again after an enforced absence.
    • 戴维在被迫离开后，现在又回到了贝鲁特生活。
  • enhance 增强
    • ① (VERB) 提高，增进，增加（价值、质量、吸引力等） To enhance something means to improve its value, quality, or attractiveness.
    • ● They'll be keen to enhance their reputation abroad...
    • 他们会非常渴望提高他们在国外的声誉。
    • ● The superb sets are enhanced by Bobby Crossman's marvellous costumes.
    • 博比·克罗斯曼绝妙的服装为华丽的舞台增色不少。
  • enormous 巨大的；大量的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 巨大的;极大的;很多的 Something that is enormous is extremely large in size or amount.
    • ● The main bedroom is enormous...
    • 主卧室非常大。
    • ● There is, of course, an enormous amount to see.
    • 当然有很多可看的。
    • ② (ADJ) （范围、程度）极大的 You can use enormous to emphasize the great degree or extent of something.
    • ● It was an enormous disappointment.
    • 真是让人万分失望。
    • ● ...his enormous capacity for brutality.
    • 他的穷凶极恶
  • ensure 保证
    • ensure
    • 英[ɪnˈʃʊə(r)] 美[ɪnˈʃʊr]
    • v. 确保；担保
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：ensured
    • 现在分词：ensuring
    • 过去式：ensured
    • 第三人称单数：ensures
    • 双语例句
    • 1.The book ensured his success.
    • 这本书保证了他的成功。
    • 2.Please ensure (that) all lights are switched off.
    • 请务必将所有灯都关掉。
    • 3.Britain's negotiators had ensured that the treaty which resulted was a significant change in direction...
    • 英国谈判代表已经担保由此而签订的条约将是方向上的重大改变。
  • entity 实体
    • ① (N-COUNT) 独立存在体;实体 An entity is something that exists separately from other things and has a clear identity of its own.
    • ● ...the earth as a living entity...
    • 作为一个有生命的实体的地球
    • ● North and South will remain separate entities within a commonwealth until the year 2000.
    • 南方和北方将作为一个政治联合体下的两个独立实体继续存在，直至2000年。
  • environment 环境
    • ① (N-VAR) 生活环境；周围状况 Someone's environment is all the circumstances, people, things, and events around them that influence their life.
    • ● Pupils in our schools are taught in a safe, secure environment...
    • 我们学校的学生在安全无虑的环境中接受教育。
    • ● The moral characters of men are formed not by heredity but by environment...
    • 人的道德品质不是遗传的，而是由环境塑造而成。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 生存环境；特定自然环境 Your environment consists of the particular natural surroundings in which you live or exist, considered in relation to their physical characteristics or weather conditions.
    • ● If our environment cools, then messages from the skin alert the body's thermostat.
    • 如果外在环境变冷，体表会将这一信息传递给身体的体温调节中枢。
    • ● ...the maintenance of a safe environment for marine mammals.
    • 为海洋哺乳动物维持安全的生存环境
    • ③ (N-SING) 自然环境;生态环境 The environment is the natural world of land, sea, air, plants, and animals.
    • ● ...Conservative spokesman on the environment.
    • 保守党有关自然环境问题的发言人
    • ● ...persuading people to respect the environment.
    • 劝告人们保护生态环境
  • equate 使相等；使平等
    • ① (V-ERG) 把…相提并论;与…等同 If you equate one thing with another, or if you say that one thing equates with another, you believe that they are strongly connected.
    • ● I'm always wary of men wearing suits, as I equate this with power and authority...
    • 我向来提防穿西服的男人，因为我认为穿西服就等同于权力和权威。
    • ● The author doesn't equate liberalism and conservatism...
    • 该作者没有将自由主义和保守主义相提并论。
  • equip 装备
    • equip
    • 英[ɪˈkwɪp] 美[ɪˈkwɪp]
    • v. 装备；使做好准备
    • 变形
    • 过去分词：equipped
    • 现在分词：equipping
    • 过去式：equipped
    • 第三人称单数：equips
    • 双语例句
    • 1.He equipped himself with a street plan.
    • 他随身带着一张街道平面图。
    • 2.The centre is well equipped for canoeing and mountaineering.
    • 本中心有齐全的划船和登山设备。
    • 3.The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.
    • 此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。
  • equivalent 对等
    • ① (N-SING) 等同物;等值物；对应物 If one amount or value is the equivalent of another, they are the same.
    • ● The equivalent of two tablespoons of polyunsaturated oils is ample each day...
    • 每天相当于两大汤匙多重不饱和油的量就足够了。
    • ● Even the cheapest car costs the equivalent of 70 years' salary for a government worker.
    • 即使是最便宜的汽车，价格也相当于一个公务员70年的薪水。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 相等物;对应物；对应者 The equivalent of someone or something is a person or thing that has the same function in a different place, time, or system.
    • ● ...the civil administrator of the West Bank and his equivalent in Gaza.
    • 约旦河西岸的民政官和加沙的同职官员
    • ● ...the Red Cross emblem, and its equivalent in Muslim countries, the Red Crescent.
    • 红十字及其在伊斯兰国家的对应标志——红月牙
    • ③ (N-SING) （强调效果的强烈或严重）相当于…的事情 You can use equivalent to emphasize the great or severe effect of something.
    • ● His party has just suffered the equivalent of a near-fatal heart attack.
    • 他所在的政党刚刚经历了一次类似心脏病突发般几近致命的打击。
  • erode 腐蚀
    • ① (V-ERG) （使）侵蚀;(使)腐蚀;(使)风化 If rock or soil erodes or is eroded by the weather, sea, or wind, it cracks and breaks so that it is gradually destroyed.
    • ● By 1980, Miami beach had all but totally eroded...
    • 到1980年，迈阿密海滩已经完全风蚀了。
    • ● Once exposed, soil is quickly eroded by wind and rain.
    • 一旦暴露在外，土壤很快就会被风雨侵蚀。
    • ② (V-ERG) （权威、权利、信心等）逐渐丧失；削弱 If someone's authority, right, or confidence erodes or is eroded, it is gradually destroyed or removed.
    • ● His critics say his fumbling of the issue of reform has eroded his authority...
    • 批评家们说他在改革问题上的蹩脚做法已经削弱了他的权威。
    • ● America's belief in its own God-ordained uniqueness started to erode.
    • 美国人心中上帝赋予了他们独一无二的品质的信念开始逐渐丧失。
    • ③ (V-ERG) （使）贬值;（使）降价 If the value of something erodes or is eroded by something such as inflation or age, its value decreases.
    • ● Competition in the financial marketplace has eroded profits...
    • 金融市场的竞争降低了利润。
    • ● The value of the dollar began to erode rapidly just around this time.
    • 刚好在这个时候，美元开始迅速贬值。
  • error 错误
    • error
    • 英[ˈerə(r)] 美[ˈerər]
    • n. 错误，过失
    • 变形
    • 复数：errors
    • 双语例句
    • 1.A simple error of judgement meant that there was not enough food to go around.
    • 一个简单的判断错误就意味着食物不够每人一份。
    • 2.a grave error (= a very serious mistake)
    • 严重错误
    • 3.a glaring error (= a mistake that is very obvious)
    • 明显的错误
  • establish 建立
    • ① (VERB) 建立;创立;设立；制定 If someone establishes something such as an organization, a type of activity, or a set of rules, they create it or introduce it in such a way that it is likely to last for a long time.
    • ● The UN has established detailed criteria for who should be allowed to vote...
    • 联合国已经制定了有关投票资格的标准细则。
    • ● The School was established in 1989 by an Italian professor.
    • 这所学院由一名意大利教授于1989年创建。
    • ② (V-RECIP) 建立，开始（联系） If you establish contact with someone, you start to have contact with them. You can also say that two people, groups, or countries establish contact.
    • ● We had already established contact with the museum...
    • 我们已经和那家博物馆建立了联系。
    • ● Singapore and South Africa have established diplomatic relations.
    • 新加坡和南非已经建立了外交关系。
    • ③ (VERB) 确定;查实;证实 If you establish that something is true, you discover facts that show that it is definitely true.
    • ● Medical tests established that she was not their own child...
    • 医学化验证实她不是他们的亲骨肉。
    • ● It will be essential to establish how the money is being spent...
    • 查清楚这笔钱将作何用途至关重要。
    • ④ (VERB) 使立足;使被认可;确立(地位) If you establish yourself, your reputation, or a good quality that you have, you succeed in doing something, and achieve respect or a secure position as a result of this.
    • ● This is going to be the show where up-and-coming comedians will establish themselves...
    • 这将是大有前途的喜剧演员们让自己获得认可的节目。
    • ● He has established himself as a pivotal figure in US politics...
    • 他已经确立了自己在美国政界的核心地位。
  • estate 房地产
    • estate
    • 英[ɪˈsteɪt] 美[ɪˈsteɪt]
    • n. 庄园，地产；住宅区；工业区；遗产
    • 变形
    • 复数：estates
    • 双语例句
    • 1.Her estate was left to her daughter.
    • 她把遗产留给了女儿。
    • 2.She lives in a tower block on an estate in London.
    • 她住在伦敦某住宅区的一栋高楼里。
    • 3.His estate was valued at $150,000.
    • 他的遗产被估价为15万美元。
  • estimate 估计
    • ① (VERB) 估算;估价 If you estimate a quantity or value, you make an approximate judgment or calculation of it.
    • ● Try to estimate how many steps it will take to get to a close object...
    • 尽力估算一下达到一个近距离目标需要多少步。
    • ● I estimate that the total cost for treatment will be $12,500...
    • 我估计治疗费用总共会有12,500美元。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 估算;估价 An estimate is an approximate calculation of a quantity or value.
    • ● ...the official estimate of the election result...
    • 竞选结果的官方预测
    • ● This figure is five times the original estimate...
    • 这个数据是最初估算的5倍。
    • ③ (N-COUNT) 评价;评估;判断 An estimate is a judgment about a person or situation which you make based on the available evidence.
    • ● I hadn't been far wrong in my estimate of his grandson's capabilities.
    • 我对他孙子的能力的判断还不算太离谱。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 估算单;预算书 An estimate from someone who you employ to do a job for you, such as a builder or a plumber, is a written statement of how much the job is likely to cost.
    • ● The shop also offers a curtain-making and fitting service. Quotes and estimates can be prepared by computer on the spot.
    • 那家商店还提供窗帘制作和安装服务，而且可以用计算机现场制作报价单和预算书。
  • ethic 伦理
    • ethic
    • 英[ˈeθɪk] 美[ˈeθɪk]
    • n. 道德规范；伦理标准
    • 变形
    • 复数：ethics
    • 双语例句
    • 1.the Protestant ethic
    • 新教伦理
    • 2.a strongly defined work ethic
    • 经过充分阐述的崇尚勤劳工作的价值观
    • 3.He began to question the ethics of his position.
    • 他开始对他的立场是否符合道德准则提出质疑。
  • ethnic 种族的
    • ① (ADJ) 种族的;民族的 Ethnic means connected with or relating to different racial or cultural groups of people.
    • ● ...a survey of Britain's ethnic minorities.
    • 对英国少数民族的调查
    • ● ...ethnic tensions.
    • 种族关系紧张
    • ② (ADJ) 少数民族的；少数种族的 You can use ethnic to describe people who belong to a particular racial or cultural group but who, usually, do not live in the country where most members of that group live.
    • ● There are still several million ethnic Germans in Russia.
    • 俄罗斯境内仍有数百万德国人。
    • ③ (ADJ-GRADED) （服饰、音乐、食物等）具有民族特色的，民族风味的 Ethnic clothing, music, or food is characteristic of the traditions of a particular ethnic group, and different from what is usually found in modern Western culture.
    • ● ...the original flavours of ethnic dishes.
    • 民族特色菜肴的原汁原味
    • ● ...a magnificent range of ethnic fabrics.
    • 各式各样具有民族特色的织物
  • evaluate 评价
    • evaluate
    • 英[ɪˈvæljueɪt] 美[ɪˈvæljueɪt]
    • v. 估计
    • 变形
    • 形容词：evaluative
    • 过去分词：evaluated
    • 现在分词：evaluating
    • 名词：evaluation
    • 过去式：evaluated
    • 第三人称单数：evaluates
    • 双语例句
    • 1.[可数名词, 不可数名词]an evaluation of the health care system
    • 对医疗制度的评价
    • 2.We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.
    • 我们需要对这一政策产生的效果作出评价。
    • 3.Our research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of the different drugs.
    • 我们的研究试图对不同药物的疗效进行评估。
  • eventual 最后的
    • ① (ADJ) 最后发生的;最终的 You use eventual to indicate that something happens or is the case at the end of a process or period of time.
    • ● There are many who believe that civil war will be the eventual outcome of the racial tension in the country...
    • 有很多人相信，该国种族关系的紧张最终将导致内战。
    • ● The eventual aim is reunification.
    • 最终目标是实现统一。
  • evident 明显的
    • ① (ADJ-GRADED) 明显的;显然的;清楚的 If something is evident, you notice it easily and clearly.
    • ● His footprints were clearly evident in the heavy dust...
    • 厚厚的尘土中他的脚印清晰易见。
    • ● The threat of inflation is already evident in bond prices.
    • 通货膨胀的危险在证券价格上已经表现得很明显。
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 显然的;明显的 You use evident to show that you are certain about a situation or fact and your interpretation of it.
    • ● It was evident that she had once been a beauty...
    • 显然她曾是个美人儿。
    • ● The cities are bombarded day after day in an evident effort to force their surrender.
    • 那些城市遭到日复一日的炮轰，目的显然是要逼他们投降。
  • evolve 进化；演变
    • ① (VERB) 进化；演变 When animals or plants evolve, they gradually change and develop into different forms.
    • ● The bright plumage of many male birds has evolved to attract females...
    • 很多雄鸟进化出鲜艳的羽毛是为了吸引雌鸟。
    • ● Maize evolved from a wild grass in Mexico.
    • 玉米是从墨西哥的一种野生禾本植物进化而来的。
    • ② (V-ERG) （使）逐步发展;（使）演化 If something evolves or you evolve it, it gradually develops over a period of time into something different and usually more advanced.
    • ● ...a tiny airline which eventually evolved into Pakistan International Airlines...
    • 最终发展成巴基斯坦国际航空公司的一家小型航空公司
    • ● Popular music evolved from folk songs...
    • 流行音乐从民歌演变而来。
  • exceed 超过
    • ① (VERB) 超过，超出（某数量、数字等） If something exceeds a particular amount or number, it is greater or larger than that amount or number.
    • ● Its research budget exceeds $700 million a year...
    • 其研究预算每年超过7亿美元。
    • ● The demand for places at some schools exceeds the supply...
    • 某些学校的入学申请人数超过了招生。
    • ② (VERB) 超出，超越（限制、规定等） If you exceed a limit or rule, you go beyond it, even though you are not supposed to or it is against the law.
    • ● He accepts he was exceeding the speed limit...
    • 他承认自己超速了。
    • ● I would be exceeding my powers if I ordered the march to be halted.
    • 如果我命令停止游行，我就越权了。
  • exclude 排除
    • ① (VERB) 将…排除在外;不包括 If you exclude someone from a place or activity, you prevent them from entering it or taking part in it.
    • ● The Academy excluded women from its classes...
    • 该学院不招收女学生。
    • ● The army should be excluded from political life...
    • 军队不应该涉足政治。
    • ② (VERB) 拒绝;阻止 If you exclude something that has some connection with what you are doing, you deliberately do not use it or consider it.
    • ● They eat only plant foods, and take care to exclude animal products from other areas of their lives...
    • 他们只吃素食，在生活的其他方面也注意拒绝使用动物产品。
    • ● In some schools, Christmas carols are being modified to exclude any reference to Christ.
    • 某些学校正在对圣诞颂歌进行修改，删除提及耶稣的内容。
    • ③ (VERB) 排除…的可能性;对…不予考虑 To exclude a possibility means to decide or prove that it is wrong and not worth considering.
    • ● I cannot entirely exclude the possibility that some form of pressure was applied to the neck.
    • 我不能完全排除颈部受到某种压迫的可能性。
    • ● ...the pathological evidence, which does not exclude suicide.
    • 不排除自杀可能的病理学证据
    • ④ (VERB) 阻挡;拒绝；阻止…进入 To exclude something such as the sun's rays or harmful germs means to prevent them physically from reaching or entering a particular place.
    • ● This was intended to exclude the direct rays of the sun...
    • 其目的是阻挡直射的太阳光。
    • ● They have spent $3 million building fences around the National Park to exclude such pests.
    • 为了阻止这类有害动物进入，他们已经耗资300万美元在国家公园周边建造围栏
  • exhibit 展览
    • ① (VERB) 表现;显示 If someone or something shows a particular quality, feeling, or type of behaviour, you can say that they exhibit it.
    • ● He has exhibited symptoms of anxiety and overwhelming worry...
    • 他表现出焦躁不安和过度忧虑的症状。
    • ● Two cats or more in one house will also exhibit territorial behaviour...
    • 一所房子里有两只以上的猫时也会出现划分地盘的行为。
    • ② (VERB) 展览;展出;陈列 When a painting, sculpture, or object of interest is exhibited, it is put in a public place such as a museum or art gallery so that people can come to look at it. You can also say that animals are exhibited in a zoo.
    • ● His work was exhibited in the best galleries in America, Europe and Asia.
    • 他的作品在美洲、欧洲和亚洲最好的美术馆展出。
    • ● ...a massive elephant exhibited by London Zoo in the late 19th Century.
    • 19世纪末伦敦动物园展出的一头巨型大象
    • ③ (VERB) 举办展览会;展出作品 When artists exhibit, they show their work in public.
    • ● By 1936 she was exhibiting at the Royal Academy.
    • 到1936年她已在皇家艺术学院展出作品。
    • ④ (N-COUNT) 展品;陈列品 An exhibit is a painting, sculpture, or object of interest that is displayed to the public in a museum or art gallery.
    • ● Shona showed me round the exhibits.
    • 肖纳带我参观了展品。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 展览;展出 An exhibit is a public display of paintings, sculpture, or objects of interest, for example in a museum or art gallery.
    • ● ...an exhibit at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
    • 大都会艺术博物馆的展览
    • ⑥ (N-COUNT) （在法庭上出示的）证据，证物 An exhibit is an object that a lawyer shows in court as evidence in a legal case.
    • ⑦ (VERB) 展示;炫耀;表明 If you say that someone exhibits something, you mean that they are showing it openly or publicly in order to be admired, noticed, or believed.
    • ● Other women seemed content and even exhibited their bellies with pride...
    • 其他女人似乎很满足，甚至还骄傲地炫耀她们的肚腩。
    • ● He seems to want to exhibit his shame.
    • 他似乎想要让大家知道自己感到羞愧。
  • expand 扩大
    • ① (V-ERG) 扩充;扩大;增加 If something expands or is expanded, it becomes larger.
    • ● Engineers noticed that the pipes were not expanding as expected...
    • 工程师注意到管道并没有如预期那样膨胀。
    • ● The money supply expanded by 14.6 per cent in the year to September...
    • 截至9月，当年的货币供应增加了14.6％。
    • ② (V-ERG) 扩大；发展；扩展 If something such as a business, organization, or service expands, or if you expand it, it becomes bigger and includes more people, goods, or activities.
    • ● The popular ceramics industry expanded towards the middle of the 19th century...
    • 到19世纪中期，大众制陶业得到了发展。
    • ● The interest rate's coming down. I'll be able to expand or stay in business...
    • 利率正在降低，我可以扩大公司或者维持经营。
  • expert 专家；熟练的
    • ① (N-COUNT) 行家;专家 An expert is a person who is very skilled at doing something or who knows a lot about a particular subject.
    • ● Our team of experts will be on hand to offer help and advice between 12 noon and 7pm daily.
    • 每天中午12点到下午7点，我们的专家小组将随时提供帮助和建议。
    • ● ...a yoga expert.
    • 瑜伽大师
    • ② (ADJ-GRADED) 技术娴熟的;熟练的;在行的 Someone who is expert at doing something is very skilled at it.
    • ● The Japanese are expert at lowering manufacturing costs...
    • 日本人在降低制造成本方面很在行。
    • ● There is a great deal to learn from Hal's expert approach.
    • 从哈尔熟练的方法中可以学到很多。
    • ③ (ADJ-GRADED) 行家的;内行的 If you say that someone has expert hands or an expert eye, you mean that they are very skilful or experienced in using their hands or eyes for a particular purpose.
    • ● When the horse suffered a back injury Harvey cured it with his own expert hands...
    • 那匹马背部受伤后，哈维用他内行的双手把它治好了。
    • ● The symptoms are very mild and it takes an expert eye to see them.
    • 症状非常轻，要靠专家的眼睛才能看出来。
    • ④ (ADJ) 专业的;专家的 Expert advice or help is given by someone who has studied a subject thoroughly or who is very skilled at a particular job.
    • ● You'll also get expert advice on keeping your hair in good condition...
    • 你还会获得有关如何保持良好发质的专家建议。
    • ● We'll need an expert opinion...
    • 我们需要听听专家的意见。
  • explicit 明晰的；详述的
    • explicit
    • 英[ɪkˈsplɪsɪt] 美[ɪkˈsplɪsɪt]
    • adj. 易于理解的；明确的；直言的
    • 变形
    • 副词：explicitly
    • 名词：explicitness
    • 双语例句
    • 1.[不可数名词]He didn't like the degree of sexual explicitness in the film.
    • 他不喜欢那部电影里性爱露骨的程度。
    • 2.The report states explicitly that the system was to blame.
    • 报告明确指出问题出在制度上。
    • 3.a sexually explicit film
    • 一部有露骨性爱场面的影片
  • exploit 剥削；利用
    • ① (VERB) 压榨;剥削;占…的便宜 If you say that someone is exploiting you, you think that they are treating you unfairly by using your work or ideas and giving you very little in return.
    • ● Critics claim he exploited black musicians for personal gain.
    • 批评家声称他压榨黑人音乐家谋求私利。
    • ● ...the plight of the exploited sugar cane workers.
    • 受剥削的甘蔗工人的困境
    • ② (VERB) 利用；乘（机） If you say that someone is exploiting a situation, you disapprove of them because they are using it to gain an advantage for themselves, rather than trying to help other people or do what is right.
    • ● The government and its opponents compete to exploit the troubles to their advantage.
    • 政府及其反对派竞相利用这些问题为自己谋利。
    • ③ (VERB) 充分运用；发挥 If you exploit something, you use it well, and achieve something or gain an advantage from it.
    • ● You'll need a good aerial to exploit the radio's performance...
    • 你需要弄个好天线来发挥广播的性能。
    • ● Cary is hoping to exploit new opportunities in Europe...
    • 卡里希望好好利用欧洲的新机遇。
    • ④ (VERB) 开采;开发;利用 To exploit resources or raw materials means to develop them and use them for industry or commercial activities.
    • ● I think we're being very short sighted in not exploiting our own coal.
    • 我认为不开采我们自己的煤是非常短视的做法。
    • ⑤ (N-COUNT) 英勇行为;功绩;有趣的行为 If you refer to someone's exploits, you mean the brave, interesting, or amusing things that they have done.
    • ● His wartime exploits were later made into a film.
    • 他在战争中的英勇行为后来被改编成一部电影。
  • export 出口
    • ① (VERB) 出口；输出 To export products or raw materials means to sell them to another country.
    • ● The nation also exports beef...
    • 该国也出口牛肉。
    • ● They expect the antibiotic products to be exported to Southeast Asia and Africa...
    • 他们希望向东南亚和非洲出口抗生素产品。
    • ② (N-COUNT) 输出品;出口商品 Exports are goods which are sold to another country and sent there.
    • ● He did this to promote American exports...
    • 他这么做是为了推广美国出口产品。
    • ● Ghana's main export is cocoa.
    • 加纳的主要出口商品是可可豆。
    • ③ (VERB) 输出;传播 To export something means to introduce it into another country or make it happen there.
    • ● It has exported inflation at times.
    • 它有时会输出通货膨胀。
    • ● ...hecklers who said the deal would export jobs to Mexico.
    • 声称这项协议会把就业机会转往墨西哥的质疑者
    • ④ (VERB) （在计算机中）导出，输出 In computing, if you export files or information from one type of software into another type, you change their format so that they can be used in the new software.
    • ● Files can be exported in ASCII or PCX formats.
    • 文件可以以ASCII或者PCX格式导出。
  • expose 暴露；揭露
    • ① (VERB) 使暴露;使显露 To expose something that is usually hidden means to uncover it so that it can be seen.
    • ● Lowered sea levels exposed the shallow continental shelf beneath the Bering Sea...
    • 海平面下降使白令海底部的浅层大陆架暴露出来。
    • ● For an instant his whole back was exposed.
    • 一瞬间，他整个背部都露了出来。
    • ② (VERB) 揭发;揭露 To expose a person or situation means to reveal that they are bad or immoral in some way.
    • ● The Budget does expose the lies ministers were telling a year ago...
    • 预算案无疑揭穿了部长们一年前所说的谎话。
    • ● After the scandal was exposed, Dr Bailey committed suicide...
    • 丑闻曝光后，贝利博士自杀了。
    • ③ (VERB) 使暴露于（险境）;使遭受（危险或不快） If someone is exposed to something dangerous or unpleasant, they are put in a situation in which it might affect them.
    • ● They had not been exposed to most diseases common to urban populations...
    • 城市人口中多数常见的疾病他们都没有接触到。
    • ● A wise mother never exposes her children to the slightest possibility of danger.
    • 明智的母亲决不会让她的孩子置身于一丁点儿危险之中。
    • ④ (VERB) 使受…的影响(或熏陶);使接触 If someone is exposed to an idea or feeling, usually a new one, they are given experience of it, or introduced to it.
    • ● ...local people who've not been exposed to glimpses of Western life before...
    • 过去丝毫未曾见识过西方生活的当地人
    • ● These units exposed children to many viewpoints of a given issue.
    • 这些单元让孩子们接触到有关某一特定问题的多种观点。
    • ⑤ (VERB) （常因精神或感情失控）暴露性器官，当众露阴 A man who exposes himself shows people his genitals in a public place, usually because he is mentally or emotionally disturbed.
    • ● Smith admitted indecently exposing himself on Wimbledon Common.
    • 史密斯承认自己在温布尔登公地当众露阴，有伤风化。
  • external 外部的
    • ① (ADJ) 外部的;外面的;外来的 External is used to indicate that something is on the outside of a surface or body, or that it exists, happens, or comes from outside.
    • ● ...a much reduced heat loss through external walls.
    • 大幅降低的外墙热损失
    • ● ...internal and external allergic reactions.
    • 内外变态反应
    • ② (ADJ) 对外的;与外国有关的 External means involving or intended for foreign countries.
    • ● ...the commissioner for external affairs.
    • 对外事务专员
    • ● ...Jamaica's external debt.
    • 牙买加的外债
    • ③ (ADJ) 外界的;外部的 External means happening or existing in the world in general and affecting you in some way.
    • ● ...a reaction to external events...
    • 对外界事件的反应
    • ● Such events occur only when the external conditions are favorable.
    • 这种事情只有在外部条件有利时才会发生。
    • ④ (ADJ) （专家等）外来的，外聘的 External experts, for example external examiners, come into an organization from outside in order to do a particular job fairly and impartially, or to check that a particular job was done properly.
    • ⑤ (PHRASE) （药物）外用的 If medicine is for external use, it is intended to be used only on the outside of your body, and not to be eaten or drunk.
  • extract 取出；摘录
    • ① (VERB) 提取;提炼;挖掘 To extract a substance means to obtain it from something else, for example by using industrial or chemical processes.
    • ● ...the traditional method of pick and shovel to extract coal...
    • 用镐和铲挖煤的传统方法
    • ● Citric acid can be extracted from the juice of oranges, lemons, limes or grapefruit.
    • 柠檬酸可以从橙汁、柠檬汁、酸橙汁或者柚子汁中提取。
    • ② (VERB) 取出;抽出 If you extract something from a place, you take it out or pull it out.
    • ● He extracted a small notebook from his hip pocket...
    • 他从屁股兜里摸出一个小笔记本。
    • ● Patterson went straight to the liquor cabinet and extracted a bottle of Scotch...
    • 帕特森径直走到酒柜前，取出一瓶苏格兰威士忌。
    • ③ (VERB) 拔（牙） When a dentist extracts a tooth, they remove it from the patient's mouth.
    • ● A dentist may decide to extract the tooth to prevent recurrent trouble...
    • 牙医可能会决定拔掉那颗牙，以免反复发作。
    • ● She is to go and have a tooth extracted at 3 o'clock today.
    • 她今天3点要去拔颗牙。
    • ④ (VERB) 攫取;榨取 If you say that someone extracts something, you disapprove of them because they take it for themselves to gain an advantage.
    • ● ...the capitalist system, which extracts huge profits from arms production at the tax-payers' expense...
    • 牺牲纳税人利益、从武器生产中攫取巨额利润的资本主义制度
    • ● He sought to extract the maximum political advantage from the cut in interest rates...
    • 他试图从降息中牟取最大的政治好处。
    • ⑤ (VERB) 设法得到;探出 If you extract information or a response from someone, you get it from them with difficulty, because they are unwilling to say or do what you want.
    • ● He made the mistake of trying to extract further information from our director...
    • 他犯了个错误，不该试图从我们的主管那里打探更多的信息。
    • ● He used her cash card, and the PIN number he had extracted from her, to take £500 from cashpoints.
    • 他套出了她的现金卡密码，然后用她的卡从自动提款机中取走了500英镑。
    • ⑥ (VERB) 摘录;提取 If you extract a particular piece of information, you obtain it from a larger amount or source of information.
    • ● I've simply extracted a few figures...
    • 我只是提取了一些数据。
    • ● Britain's trade figures can no longer be extracted from export-and-import documentation at ports.
    • 英国的贸易数据现在不能再从各港口的进出口单证中提取了。
    • ⑦ (V-PASSIVE) （从书中）摘录，节选 If part of a book or text is extracted from a particular book, it is printed or published.
    • ● This material has been extracted from 'Collins Good Wood Handbook'.
    • 这些材料摘自《柯林斯优秀木材手册》。
    • ⑧ (N-COUNT) 摘录;选段;引文 An extract from a book or piece of writing is a small part of it that is printed or published separately.
    • ● Read this extract from an information booklet about the work of an airline cabin crew.
    • 看看这段从有关航空公司乘务人员工作的信息手册中摘录的文字。
    • ⑨ (N-MASS) 提取物;精华;汁 An extract is a substance that has been obtained from something else, for example by means of a chemical or industrial process.
    • ● Blend in the lemon extract, lemon peel and walnuts.
    • 调入柠檬汁、柠檬皮和核桃。
    • ● ...fragrances taken from plant extracts.
    • 从植物提取物中获取的香水
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