英国文学发展过程

这是一篇关于英国文学发展过程的思维导图，主要内容有1.Medieval literature (c. 5th century -1485)、2.Renaissance Literature (Late 15th century -- early 17th century) Humanism、3.17th century literature等。

• The development of English literature
  • 1.Medieval literature (c. 5th century -1485)
    • National epic of Anglo-Saxon(449-1066)
      • Beowulf
      • Feature: alliteration,metaphor,understatement
    • The Anglo-Norman Period(1066-1350)
      • Sir Gawain and the GreenKnight
      • The death of king Arthur
        • Malory
        • 圆桌骑士
    • Popular Ballads
      • 4-line stanzas
      • The Robin Hood Ballads
    • Geoffrey Chaucer(1343-1400 )
      • The father of English poetry
      • Heroic couplet
        • 从法国引进韵脚重复的诗杰
        • iambic pentameter五步抑扬格
      • The Canterbury Tales
      • 葬在Westerminister Abbey教堂，诗人角出现
  • 2. Renaissance Literature (Late 15th century -- early 17th century) Humanism
    • Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
      • the most important essayist of the period
      • The advancement of Learning New Instrument Essays
    • William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
      • the greatest writer of the Renaissance
      • Writing feature: adoption,blank verse,sonnet,couplet
      • Four Comedies
        • The Merchant of Venice
        • A MidsummerNight′s Dream
        • As You Like
        • Twelfth Night
      • Four Tragedies
        • Hamlet
        • Othello
        • King Lear
        • Macbeth
      • Sonnets十四行诗
  • 3.17th century literature
    • Puritan revolution
      • style of writing:Renaissance sophistication, luxury →simplicity, clarity
    • Metaphysical
      • Characteristics: Strange imagination and ingenious metaphors
      • Conceit 将两个没有相同点的物体用比喻的手法联系起来
    • John Milton (1608-1674)
      • Blank verse first in no-dtamatic works Puritan poets
      • Epics:Paradise Lost,ParadiseRegained, Samson Agonistes
    • JohnBunyan (1628-1688)
      • The Pilgrim′s Progress
    • JohnDonne (1572-1631)
      • the founder of Metaphysical school
      • Song and Sonnets
  • 4. Enlightenment Literature (Late 17th century -- Mid-18th century) A constitutional monarchy was established
    • Classicism
      • Features
        • Traditional Reason Clarity Balance Order Opposed to romanticism
      • Representative figures:
        • Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
          • Works:An Essay On Criticism
          • Heroic couplet to the extreme
        • Jonathan Swift(1667-1745)
          • Gulliver's Travels
    • Realism
      • Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)
        • The father of the English novel "RobinsonCrusoe", which is considered to be the founding work of the realistic novel"Moll Flanders"
        • Robinson Crusoe The Trueborn Englishman
      • Henry Fielding(1701-1754)
        • The father of the English novel He was the first English novelist to write a comic epic in prose
        • The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling→Prose Homer The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews
    • Sentimentalism
      • Features
        • Overindulgence in emotion goodness in humanity
      • Representative figures
        • Richard Brinsley Sheridan(1751-1816)
          • The only important English playwright of the 18th century
          • The Rivals The School for Scandal
        • Oliver Goldsmith(1730-1774)
          • The Deserted Village The Vicar of Wakefield
        • Thomas Gray(1716-1771)
          • Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
    • Pro-romanticism
      • William Blake(1757-1827)
        • Songs of Innocence Songs of Experience The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
      • Robert Burns(1759-1796)
        • Scottish Dialet
        • A Red,Red Rose Auld Lang Syne
  • 5. Literature of the Romantic Period (1798-1832)
    • Background
      • Industrial Revolution and French Revolution
      • 1798Lyrical Ballads发表 1832Walter Scott结束
    • Feature
      • Emotion,Imagination,Intuition
    • Eder/Passive Romanticism(The lake Poets)
      • William Wordsworth(1770-1850)
        • the Romantic Sage
        • feature: nature, easily understand
        • Masterpiece
          • Lyrical Ballads
          • I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud
          • The Prelude
      • Samuel Taylor Colerige
        • The Rime of the Ancient Mariner古舟子咏
        • Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集
      • Robert Southey
        • Joan of Are圣女贞德
        • Thalaba the Destroyer撒拉巴
    • Yonger/Active Romanticism(The Satantic Poets)
      • George Gordon Byron(1788-1824)
        • Oriental Tales东方叙事诗
        • Satanic poet
        • works
          • Childe Harold's Pigrimage
          • Don Juan
          • She Walks In Beauty
      • Persy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822)
        • Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯
        • Andonais阿多尼-纪念Keats死亡
      • John Keats(1795-1821)
        • 美即真，真即美
        • works
          • Ode
            • On a Grecian希腊古瓮颂
            • To a Nightingale夜莺颂
            • To Psyche心灵颂
            • On a Melancholy犹豫颂
          • Endymion
          • Hyperion赫坡里昂-未完成，最好的作品
  • 6. Literature of the Realist Period (1830s -- 1918)
    • Background
      • 1836宪章运动-无产阶级政治运动失败
      • The Victorian Age
    • Critical Realism
      • 讽刺资产阶级，解释金钱控制一切对人性的恶劣影响
    • Chartist
      • Ernest Jones
        • 宪章运动最伟大诗人
        • work
          • The Songs of the Lower Classes
          • The Songs of the Wage-saves
      • Thomas Cooper
        • The Shakespearean Chartist Hymn Book莎士比亚宪章运动圣歌集
    • Critical Realism
      • Charles Dickens(1812-1870)
        • The greatest representative of British criticism
        • feature
          • character-portrayal
          • humor
        • work
          • 乐观时期
            • The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club匹克威克外传
            • Oliver Twist雾都孤儿
          • 兴奋气愤时期
            • The Chimes
            • David Copperfield-个人自传 最满意
          • 悲观时期
            • Bleak House
            • Hard Times
            • A Tale of Two Cities
            • Great Expectations
      • William Makepeace Thackeray(1811-1863
        • 地位仅次于狄更斯
        • Vanity Fair
      • Jane Austen(1775-1817)
        • sense and sensibility理智与情感
        • Pride and Prejudice
      • Charlotte Bronte(1816-1855)
        • Jane Eyre
      • Emily Bronte(1818-1848)
        • Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄
  • 7. The 20th Century
    • Background
      • World War I
      • Russian October Revolution
      • World War II
    • Stream of consciousness关注人物对外在事情的心理和情感反应
    • Thomas Hardy(1840-1928)
      • Wessex Novel 描写家乡的人景
      • 19世纪末批评现实主义代表
      • Tess of the D'Urbervilles
    • John Galsworthy(1867-1933)
      • The Forsyte Sage
      • A Modern Comedy
    • Oscar Wilde(1854-1900)
      • The Picture Of Dorian Gray
    • George Bernard Shaw1856-1950)
      • 莎士比亚后最伟大剧作家
      • 反对为了艺术而艺术
      • work
        • Mrs Warren's Profession
        • Widowers' Houses
        • Major Barbara
        • Heartbreak House
    • David Herbert Lawrence(1885-1930)
      • 受Freud的心理分析影响
      • Sons and Lovers大部分自传
      • The Rainbow
      • Women In Love
      • Lady Chatterley's Lover
    • James Joyce(1882-1941)
      • • 英语语言仅次于莎士比亚
        • 爱尔兰小说家 意识流代表人物
      • work
        • Ulysses
        • A Portrait Of The Artist As A Young Woman大部分自传
    • Virginia Woolf(1882-1941)
      • A Room of One's Own
      • The Waves