新视野大学英语 unite6

本篇导图为text a to work or not to work ——that is the question，陈列了一些单词，方便文章理解

Text A to work or not to work--That is the question

• part-time job
  • advantage
    • to meet their financial needs
    • to learn to be responsible
    • to make friends
    • to acquire communicative skills
    • to gain experience for future jobs
  • diaadvantage
    • to have less time to devote to school assignments
    • to get too tired to study because of part-time jobs
    • to view school less rewarding
    • to have low correlation between part-time jobs and their majors
• objective
  • There are numerous and reliable ways by which one can measure the impact of employment on student achievement,and we used several in our research.
• methods
  • compare
    • the grades of students who work a great deal with those who work in limited amounts or not at all.
  • contrast
    • works and non-workers,their commitment to education 学习投入程度
  • follow
    • their increase or decreased their work hours
  • assess
    • how different patterns of employment altered school performance and engagement
• findings
  • 1.working 20 hours per week or more
    • not comparable to their classmates,lower levels of commitment to school and more modest educational aspirations
  • 2.working 10 hours per week or less
    • not take a consistent toll on school performance
  • 3.the nagative effects of working on schooling are not permanent
• explanation
  • the undesirable effects of working on students'engagement in school
  • first:demanding work schedule
    • cut corner; copying assignments; cutting class; refusing to do work assigned by their teachers.
  • second:evening work interferes not only with doing homework ,but with both sleep and diet
    • more tired in school;falling in class;were frequently too tired from work to do their homework
  • third:earning large amounts of spending money makes school seem less rewording and interesting
    • mind-wanding; dropping out before graduating
  • finally:working long hours can be associated with increased alcohol and drug use.
    • entertainment and recreation,accustomed to spending their earnings on drugs and alcohol
• conclusion
  • convention has long held that early employment builds character
    • 高度总结概括前文
  • students should resolve to work no more than 10 hours per week if they want to be successful in school
    • conclude
• It's a report of research