英语时态16种

16种时态归纳总结，在英语中，时态的种类繁多，共计16种，每一种时态都承载着特定的意义和用法，它们共同构成了英语表达时间概念的丰富网络。

英语时态16种

• 过去
  • Simple Past Tense 一般过去时
    • He bought the computer many years ago.
    • He often played with her when he was a child.
    • 表示过去的动作、状态或过去经常的
    • I didn't konw you were here /I didn't konw you were so busy.
      • 宾语从句，时态呼应
    • I wondered if you were available this evening.
    • How did you like the film?
    • Could you help me?
    • 语气委婉
    • I wish I knew his name.
    • I wish you were me.
    • I wish I were you.
    • I 'd rather you lived closer to us.
    • 虚拟语气，指假设，现实生活未曾发生的事
    • It's time we started.
      • 特殊用法
    • 表示现在
  • Past Continuous Tense 过去进行时
    • Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.
      • 表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作
    • I was coming to visit you later that day ,but I had to phone and cancel.
      • 表示过去将要发生的动作
    • They were always quarrelling.
      • 常与always,forever,continually等副词连用，表示感情色彩
    • He was being friendly.(当时一时的表现)
      • 动词be的进行时也可以表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态
    • I was wondering if you could give me a help.
      • 语气委婉
  • Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时
    • When he was in Beijing,he visited places where he had played as a child. 当他在北京时，他参观了他小时候早就玩过的地方。
    • It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they had done for me. 我花了很长时间才充分理解他们之前为我做的一切。
    • 在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态
    • We hadn't met each other since we left Japan last time.
      • 从过去的某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。
    • I had hoped to send Peter a gift ,but I couldn't manage it.
      • 未曾实现的想法，还有suppose,expect,intened,mean
      • I'd(would) rather you hadn't been present. '
    • I wish we had never met each other.
    • If only we had listened to their adviced
    • 虚拟语气，指现实生活中已发生不可改变的事实
    • The game had hardly begun when it started raining.
    • Hardly had I opened the door when he told me that.
    • He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it
    • It was the second time he had been out with her
    • 特殊句式
  • Past perfect Continuous Tense 过去完成进行时
    • I had been looking for it for days before I found it.
    • They had only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came.
    • 过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作
    • Ha had been mentioning your name to me.
      • 反复的动作
    • I asked where they had been staying all those days.
      • 用于间接引语中
    • I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in.
      • 可接具有“突然”之意的when 分句
    • He had been writing the novel.（他没有完成它）
    • He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.(他一直在努力学习它）
    • We had been studying the meaning what our enemy had said.(但我们不能理解）
    • He had been quarrelling with his wife.(近来)
    • What had been doing?(不耐烦)
    • 特殊用法
  • Past Future Tense 过去将来时
    • She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term.
    • When you asked LiLei for help,he would never refuse you.
    • He said he would come back the next day.
    • would do
    • He told us that he was going to attend the meeting.
    • He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station.
    • was/were going to do
    • Nancy was to arrive soon.
    • The building was to be completed next month.
    • was/were to do
    • He was leaving the next day.
    • We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon.
    • was/were doing
    • We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly.
    • He was about to have lunch when the bell rang.
    • was/were about to do
    • We were to have left at 6 last night.
  • Past Future Continuous Tense 过去将来进行时
    • They said they would be coming.
    • The new job he would be taking was raising racing horses.
    • He asked me what I should be doing six o'clock tomorrow
    • 过去将来进行时主要用于宾语从句
    • He said that he could not come because he would be having a meeting.
      • 过去将来进行时可以表示在过去某一时间之后即将进行的动作
    • John told us that Mary would be coming next day.
    • I never realized that some day I would be living in China.
    • She said she would be setting off on the 10 o’clock train.
    • 过去将来进行时表示在过去将来某一时间正在发生的动作。
    • The new name he would be using was Jack Jones.
    • He would pay the rest as he would be leaving France.
    • 过去将来进行时有时也可用在其它从句中
    • The car started. Ellen James would be driving off to the university.
      • 过去将来进行时也可用在独立句中
  • Past Future perfect Tense过去将来完成时
    • She said she would have finished her exams by then
    • I thought Sophia would have told you something
    • He kenw by the time he arrived she would have gone home
    • He told his mother his homework would have been finished by ten o'clock.
    • 在过去看来将来某时会已经完成的动作
  • Past Future perfect Continuous Tense 过去将来完成进行时
    • He said that by the end of the spring term he would have been studying English for three years.
    • I want you thingking of food and wine ,because these last years would have been miserable for you
    • I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30 years
    • 动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来的某一时间
• 现在
  • Simple Present Tense 一般现在时 Subject +do/does
    • 每天都要做的事情或习惯
      • She always arrives on time
      • Iplay basketball every weekend.
      • They never eat meat.
    • 自然现象或真理
      • The sun rises in the east.
      • Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
  • Present Continuous Tense 现在进行时 Subject+be+doing
    • 当前正在做的事情
      • I’m missing you now.
      • She is working on a new project this week.
      • They are watching a movie at the cinema.
    • 也可以用来表示即将发生的事情
      • l am leaving for vacation tomorrow
  • Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时 Subject+have/has+done
    • 表达从出生到现在做过的事情，不需要有具体时间
      • I have been to Canada several times.
      • I have already done my homework.
      • They have never seen a rainbow before.
  • Present Perfect Continuous Tense 现在完成进行时 Subject+have/has been+verb ing形式
    • 表达从出生以后某个时间持续到现在仍然在继续的事情
      • I have been loving you since the day we met.
  • 现在完成时以现在时间为参照点，表示在“现在”以前完成的动作或持续到“现在”的状态
• 将来
  • Future Tense 一般将来时 Subject+ be going to do/ will do
    • 用来表示将要发生的动作或状态
      • She is going to visit her parents next week.
      • They will start a new job next month.
  • Future Progressive Tense 将来进行时 Subject+ will be doing
    • 谈论将来某个时间将要进行的事情
      • My grandparents will be coming over to my house next week.
      • This time next week they will be sitting on the plane.
      • He will be overseeing the wedding on Sunday.
    • 对未来的预测，并非人为安排
      • You’ll be living on the streets if you don’t get a job soon.
      • If you need me, I’ll be working in the conference room.
    • 询问未来的计划或打算
      • Will you be bringing your girlfriend to the party?
      • Will you be attending the global meeting?
    • 表示委婉的请求，当我们想要某事或想请求某人的帮助时
      • Will you be staying till tomorrow?
      • Will you be using the car this afternoon? I need to do a few errands.
  • Future Perfect Tense 将来完成时 Subject+ will have done
    • 表示到将来某个时间为止势必会完成或预计要完成的动作
      • When we gct there, she'll have gone to work.
      • I cxpcct you will have changcd your mind by tomorrow.
      • Hopefully after three years at university I will have matured.
      • Only five short years later, your money will have grown by S94,000
    • 表示某种状况将一直持续到说话人所提及的某一将来时间。
      • We will have been married a year on June 25th.
      • By this time next weck, I will have bcen working for this company for 24 years.
    • 表示根据某情况作出的推测
      • That will have been Roland. He said he’d be back at 7.
      • There will have been a definite result before Friday.
  • Future Perfect Continuous Tense 将来完成进行时 Subject+ will have been+verb ing
    • 表示某种情况一直持续到说话人所提及的未来某个时间，并且有可能持续下去。重点在一直持续。
      • By the time the sun rises, I will have been sleeping for nine hours.
      • I will have been working here in this liquid oxygen industrial zone for twenty years by the end of the year.
    • will是情态助动词，有“大概”或“我想”的含义
      • You’ll have been wondering all this time how my invention works
      • It is winter, it will have been snowing in the north
  • 将来完成时则以将来时间为参照点，表示在“将来”某一时间为止已经完成的动作或持续到“将来”某一时间的状态。

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