What is Semantics ?
① The branch of linguistics concerning the study of meaning is called Semantics . More specifically , semantics is the study of the meaning of linguistic units , words and sentences in particular .
什么是意义？
1.意义是流沙
2.意义是泥潭
3.意义是黑洞
七种意义
1．概念意义
2．内涵意义
3．社会意义
4．情感意义
5．反射意义
6．搭配意义
7．主位意义
2.Mainstream Linguistic Schools
(1) Structuralism
1．重结构，轻意义
Structure is observable ( positivism )
2.意义来自横组合和纵聚合（关门）
syntagmatic & paradigmatic
3.结构主义研究语义2 giant steps :
Semantic Field ( Sense Relations )& CA
(2) Functionalism
1. Context , social function and real situation
2. Halliday : metafunctions
To functionalism , meaning is the functions they perform in the real situation .
(3) TG School ( Leech ,1974:342-359)
Semantic Theories from TG
1. Interpretative Semantics
2. Generative Semantics
3. Case Grammar
4. Chafe Semantic Theory
5. Decompositional Semantics
(4) Cognitive Linguistics
Meaning - centered research
10 features of cognitive semantics
