Northern Ireland

英美文化 Northern Ireland，分为General Introduction、History、The Troubles

Northern Ireland

• General Introduction
  • often called “Ulster”
  • capital Belfast
  • physically mostly rural, with low hills, a beautiful lake district in the southwest and a rugged coastline.
  • an active cultural life
  • economy problems
    • the troubles discouraging investment
    • its peripherality in relation to the UK
• History
  • used to be part of Ireland
  • In 1169-1603, Britain invaded Ireland
  • In the 17th century, the British government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to Ireland.
  • In 1801, Ireland was unified with Great Britain
    • under the 1801 Act of Union-with the name “The United Kingdom of Great Britain”
  • 1914 The Home Rule Bill was passed.
  • The Easter Rising of 1916
  • In 1919, IRA expanded the fighting
  • 1921 the Anglo-lrish Treaty, the southern 26 counties would form an independent Irish Free State, while the 6 northeastern couties would remain a part of the UK.
  • In 1948, The Irish free State left the Common wealth
  • In 1949, The Irish free State became the Republic of Ireland.
• The Troubles
  • Civil Rights Movement
    • The American Civil Rights Movement thus provided a model for Catholics, who felt they had been treated in much the same way as American blacks.
  • Groups of Protestants began to organize counter- demonstrations and rioting broke out.
  • The IRA's bombing campaign extended to the mainland of Great Britain.