新编简明英语语言学教程思维导图

新编简明英语语言学教程思维导图，本图知识包含全面，对理解英语语言，有很强的作用，干货满满，需要可收藏。

A New Concise Course in Linguistics for Students of English 新编简明英语语言学教程

• Chapter 1 Introduction
  • What is language?
  • Design features of language
    • arbitrariness
    • duality
    • creativity
    • displacement
    • cultural transmission
  • Functions of language
    • Emotive
    • Conative
    • Referential
    • Poetic
    • Phatic Communion
    • Metalinguistic
  • What is linguistics?
  • main branches of linguistics (microlinguistics)
    • phonics语音学
    • phonology音系学
    • morphology形态学
    • snytax句法学
    • semantics语义学
    • pragamatics语用学
  • Macrolinguistics
    • psycholinguistics心理语言学
    • sociolinguistics社会语言学
    • Applied linguistics应用语言学
  • Important distinctions of linguistics
    • descriptive VS prescriptive 规定式和描写式
    • synchronic and diachronic 共时和历时
    • langue and parole 语言和言语
    • competence and performance 语言能力语言运用
    • speech and writng 语言和文字
    • traditional grammar and modern linguistics传统语法和现代语言学
• Chapter 2 Phonology
  • Phonetics
    • articulatory phonetics发音语音学
      • Speech organs
      • The IPA
      • Classification
        • Constants
        • Vowels
    • auditory phonetics听觉语音学
    • acoustic phonetics声觉语音学
  • Phonology
    • Phone,Phoneme,Allophone
  • phonemic contrast, complementary distribution, and minimal pair
  • Some rules
    • sequential rules,assimilation rule,deletion rule
  • Suprasegmentals超音段特征
    • Stress重音
    • Intonation语调
    • Tone声调
• Chapter 3 Morphology
  • Definition of morphology
    • Identification of words
    • Classification of words
  • Open class words and closed class words
  • Morphemes
    • Definition
    • Classification
  • Analying word structure
    • Roots
    • Affixes
  • Derivational and inflectional morphemes
  • Morphological rules of word formation
    • morphological rule
    • productive morphological rule
  • Derivation
  • Compounds
• Chapter 4 Syntax
  • The definition of Syntax
  • Categories of Syntax
    • World-level categories
    • Phrase categories their structures
  • Phrase structure rule
    • Definition
    • XP rule
    • Coordinates rule
  • Phrase elements
    • Specifiers
    • Complements
    • Modifiers
  • Sentences (The S rule)
  • Transformations
    • Auxiliary movement
    • Do insertion
    • Deep structure and surface structure
    • Wh movement
    • Move-α and constraints on transformations
• Chapter 5 Semantics
  • The definition of semantics
  • some views concerning the study of meaning
    • The naming theory(Plato)
    • The conceptualist view(Ogden&Richards)
    • Contextualism(J.R.Firth)
    • Behaviourism(Bloomfield)
  • Lexical meaning
    • sense and reference
    • major sense relations
      • Synonymy
      • Polysemy
      • homonymy
      • hyponyms
      • Antonymy
  • Sense relations between sentences
  • Analysis of meaning
    • Componential analysis
    • Prediction analysis
• Chapter 6 Pragmatics
  • Pragmatics & Semantics
  • Context
  • Sentense meaning &utterance meaning
  • speech act theory
    • Austin's model of speech acts
    • Searls's classification of speech acts
    • Indirect speech acts
  • principals of conversation
    • Cooperation principals and its Maxims
    • Violation of the Maxims
  • Conversational Implicature
    • Definition
    • Characteristics of Conversational Implicature
    • Cross-cultural Pragmatic failure
• Chapter 7 Language Change
  • Definition of historical linguistics
  • Phonological change
  • Morphological and syntactic change
    • Addition of affixes前缀的增加
    • Loss of affixes词缀的消失
    • Change of word order词序的改变
    • Change in negation rule否定规则的变化
  • Lexical and semantic change
    • Addition of new words
    • Loss of words
    • Semantic changes
  • some recent trends
  • Causes of language change
• Chapter 8 Language and Society
  • The scope of sociolinguistics
    • Defiition of sociolinguistics
    • The reletedness beween language and society
    • Speech community and speech variety
    • Two approach to sociolinguistic studies
  • Variety of language
    • Dialectal varieties
    • Register
    • Degree of formality
  • Standard dialect
  • Pidgin and Creole
  • Choosing a code
  • Linguistic taboos and Euphemisms
• Chapter 9 Language and Culture
  • The definition of culture
  • The relationship between language and culture
  • Sapir-Whorf Hypothsis
  • Linguistic evidence of cultural differences
    • Greeting and terms of stress问候语和称呼语
    • Gratitude and compliments感激与称赞
    • Color words颜色词
    • Privacy and taboos隐私和禁忌
    • Rounding off numbers数字处理
    • Words and culture-specific connotations 词及文化特有的内涵
    • Cultural related idioms,proverbs and metaphor与文化相关的习俗，谚语和隐喻
  • Cultural contact & Cultural overlap & Cultural diffusion
  • The significance of cultural teaching and learning
  • Intercultural communication跨文化交际
• Chapter 10 Language Acquisition
  • Theories of child language acquisition
    • A behaviour view of language acquisition行为主义者的语言习得观
    • An innatist view of language acquisition语法天生主义者的语言习得观
    • An interactionist view of language acquisition互动主义者的语言习得观
  • Cognitive developments in child development
  • Language environments and Critical Period Hypothesis语言环境和临界期假说
  • Stages in child language development
    • Phonological development音位的发展
    • Vocabulary development词汇的发展
    • Grammatical development语法的发展
    • Pragmatic development语用的发展
  • Stages in child language development
  • Atypical developments非典型发展
    • hearing impairment听力受损
    • mental retardation思维障碍
    • autism臆想症
    • stuttering口吃
    • aphasia失语症
    • dyslexia and dysgraphia失读症和书写困难症
• Chapter11 Language and Foreign language Teaching
  • Definition of SLA
  • Connections and differences between first language acquisition and second language acquisition
  • Contrastive analysis
  • Error analysis
    • Overgeneralization过度概括
    • Cross-assosiation互相联想
  • Interlanguage中介语
  • The role of native language in second language learning
  • Second language learning models and input hypothesis第二语言的学习模式和输入假说
  • Individual differences
    • Language aptitudes
    • Motivation
    • Learning strategories
    • Age of acquisition
    • Personality
  • Individual differences
  • Second language acquisition and its pedagogical implications
• Chapter 12 Language and Brain
  • Neurolinguistics
    • Definition
    • The structure and the function of the human brain
    • Methods in the study of the brain and evidences for lateralization
    • Aphasia
  • Psycholinguistics
    • Definition
    • Psycholinguistic research methods
    • Linguistic and language processing
    • Psycholinguistic modeling