动词时态

英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。本思维导图归纳整理了英语的四大基础动词时态语法规则，包括：一般时态、过去时态、现在进行时态、将来时态。希望对你有帮助！

动词时态

• 一般过去时
  • 定义
    • 过去发生的动作或状态
  • 时间状语或标志性词
    • last ... : last night, last week, last year, last month
    • ...ago: ten minutes ago, an hour ago
    • yesterday: yesterday morning, yesterday
    • 其他：before, in the past, just now, in 2019, this morning
  • 肯定句
    • 主语+be(was were)... .
      • I was a teather in the past. They were so happy last night.
    • 主语+动词过去式... .
      • I played football in 2018.
      • He went to the park an hour ago . Mike saw the film last afternoon.
  • 一般疑问句
    • be(was were)+主语...? （把be提前）
      • were you boring last weekend?
      • Was he a docter ten years ago?
    • Did+主语+动词原形...? （在句首加Did 后面动词还原)
      • Did you swim yesterday?
  • 否定句
    • 主语+be(was were)+not ... . （在be后加not）
      • I was not (wasn't) hungry before. They were not (weren't) happy yesterday.
    • 主语+didn't+动词原形... . （在主语后面加didn't，接着后面动词还原）
      • I didn't play tennis last morning.
• 一般将来时
  • 定义
    • 将来发生的动作或状态
  • 时间状语或标志性词
    • 明天下个N久后，in+时间 when字连
      • tomorrow, next year, three days later
      • in ten minutes, when you grow up
    • 其他：in the future, soon, at once
  • 肯定句
    • 主语+will+动词原形... .
      • She will go to school tomorrow.
    • 主语+be(am is are) going to+动词原形... .
      • I am going to swim at once.
      • He is going to play football tomorrow. They are going to fly kites three days later.
    • We,I+shall(应该）+动词原形... .
      • I shall go to school tomorrow.
  • 否定句
    • 主语+will not(won't)+动词原形... .
      • She won't go to school tomorrow.
    • 主语+be(am is are)+not+ going to+动词原形... .
      • I am going to swim at once.
      • He is not (isn't) going to play football tomorrow. They are not (aren't) going to fly kites three days later.
    • We,I+shall not (shan't)+动词原形... .
      • I shall not (shan't) play outdoors tomorrow.
  • 一般疑问句
    • will+主语+动词原形... ?
      • Will he go to school tomorrow?
    • be(am is are) +主语+going to+动词原形... ?
      • Are you going to swim at once?
      • Is He going to play football tomorrow? Are They going to fly kites three days later?
    • We,I+shall+动词原形... .
      • shall I have dinner with you tomorrow?
• 现在进行时
  • 定义
    • 正在发生的动作
  • 时间状语或标志性词
    • now at the moment at this time
      • once a week, twice a month
      • always, often, usually, sometimes, never, everyday
  • 肯定句
    • 主语+be(am is are)+动词ing... .
      • I am playing basketball now. She is running at the moment. They are making a snowman at this time.
  • 一般疑问句
    • be(am is are)+主语+动词ing...? （把be提前）
      • Are you reading now ?
      • Is he playing vollyball at this time?
  • 否定句
    • 主语+be(am is are)+not+动词ing ... . （在be后加not）
      • I am not singing now. She is not (isn't) playing piano at the moment. They are not (aren't) swimming now.
• 一般现在时
  • 定义
    • 表示习惯性的动作或状态
  • 时间状语或标志性词
    • once a week, twice a month
    • always, often, usually, sometimes, never, everyday
  • 肯定句
    • 主语+be(am is are)... .
      • I am happy. She is happy. They are happy.
    • 主语+动词(原形/三单)... .
      • I play football.
      • He plays football. Mike plays football.
  • 一般疑问句
    • be(am is are)+主语...? （把be提前）
      • Are you boring?
      • Is he a docter?
    • Do/Does+主语+动词原形...? （在句首加Do或Does 后面动词还原)
      • Do you swim?
      • Does she swim?
  • 否定句
    • 主语+be(am is are)+not ... . （在be后加not）
      • I am not hungry. She is not (isn't) happy. They are not (aren't) happy.
    • 主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形... . （在主语要加don't或doesn't后面动词还原）
      • I don't play tennis.
      • He doesn't play tennis. Janet doesn't play tennis.