复杂句

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复杂句

• 带名词性分句的复杂句 名词性关系分句 Nominal Relative Clause 名词性 that-分句 Nominal That-clause 名词性 wh-分句 Nominal Wh-clause
  • 作主语
    • What caused the fireis still a mystery. It is clear thatthe crime was done deliberately.
  • 作宾语
    • We never doubtthat he is honest. Eatwhichever one you like.
  • 作主语补语
    • The fact isthat he did not notice the car until too late. The problem isnot who will go but who will stay.
  • 作同位语
    • I have no ideahow much of a scholar he is. Have you any ideahow soon they are coming？
  • 作介词补足成分
    • You must give it back towhoever it belongs to.
• 带状语分句 Depictive Adverbial的复杂句
  • 时间状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Time
    • The instant she saw him,she knew he was her lost brother. Until we know the facts, we can not do anything about it.
  • 地点状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Place
    • Where there is a will,there is a way.
  • 方式状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Manner
    • You must do the exerciseas I show you. I shall wear my coathow I like.
  • 原因状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Cause
    • As there was no answer, I wrote again.
    • Now thatthe new regulations have come into force, there are far fewer accidents on the roads.
  • 结果状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Result
    • He had overslept,so that he was late for work.
  • 目的状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Purpose
    • So that I should not worry, he phoned me on arrival.
  • 条件状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Condition
    • You will fail in Frenchunlessyou work harder.
  • 让步状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Concession
    • Rich as he is, Mr Johnson is by no means a happy man.
  • 伴随状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Accompanying Circumstance
    • He went out, gun in hand.
• 带非限定成分的复杂句
  • It is essentialfor the school to be properly heated. Having lost all my money, I went home.
• 带无动词分句的复杂句 基本属于 SVC句型，只是主语，动词通常不表达出来
  • Speechless, Victor Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat.
  • An excellent speaker, he was never at a loss for words.
  • Whatever the reason, his cordiality to her has won him a friend.
  • You should not drink very cold water,while hot from work.
  • When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
  • He spoke ungraciously,if not rudely.
  • He looked up,annoyance on his face.
  • 无动词分句可在句中作名词修饰语，状语。 作状语，可表示时间，地点，原因，条件，让步，方式和伴随状况 作名词修饰语，相当于一个限制性关系分句
• 带独立结构 absolute construction的复杂句 即带有自己主语的非限定性分句和无动词分句
  • 表示时间 His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play.
  • 表示原因 The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.
  • 表示条件 Weather permitting, the cricket match will be played on Wednesday.
  • 表示方式和伴随状况 He put on his sockswrong side out.
  • 在上述例子中，独立结构都可以变成 with引导的介词词组 而表示否定意义的可转换为 without引导的介词词组
  • 独立结构常见于正式语体，特别是文学体裁。