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编辑于2020-03-19 09:42:49复杂句
带名词性分句的复杂句 名词性关系分句 Nominal Relative Clause 名词性 that-分句 Nominal That-clause 名词性 wh-分句 Nominal Wh-clause
作主语
What caused the fireis still a mystery. It is clear thatthe crime was done deliberately.
作宾语
We never doubtthat he is honest. Eatwhichever one you like.
作主语补语
The fact isthat he did not notice the car until too late. The problem isnot who will go but who will stay.
作同位语
I have no ideahow much of a scholar he is. Have you any ideahow soon they are coming?
作介词补足成分
You must give it back towhoever it belongs to.
带状语分句 Depictive Adverbial的复杂句
时间状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Time
The instant she saw him,she knew he was her lost brother. Until we know the facts, we can not do anything about it.
地点状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Place
Where there is a will,there is a way.
方式状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Manner
You must do the exerciseas I show you. I shall wear my coathow I like.
原因状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Cause
As there was no answer, I wrote again.
Now thatthe new regulations have come into force, there are far fewer accidents on the roads.
结果状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Result
He had overslept,so that he was late for work.
目的状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Purpose
So that I should not worry, he phoned me on arrival.
条件状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Condition
You will fail in Frenchunlessyou work harder.
让步状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Concession
Rich as he is, Mr Johnson is by no means a happy man.
伴随状语分句 Adverbial Clause of Accompanying Circumstance
He went out, gun in hand.
带非限定成分的复杂句
It is essentialfor the school to be properly heated. Having lost all my money, I went home.
带无动词分句的复杂句 基本属于 SVC句型,只是主语,动词通常不表达出来
Speechless, Victor Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat.
An excellent speaker, he was never at a loss for words.
Whatever the reason, his cordiality to her has won him a friend.
You should not drink very cold water,while hot from work.
When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
He spoke ungraciously,if not rudely.
He looked up,annoyance on his face.
无动词分句可在句中作名词修饰语,状语。 作状语,可表示时间,地点,原因,条件,让步,方式和伴随状况 作名词修饰语,相当于一个限制性关系分句
带独立结构 absolute construction的复杂句 即带有自己主语的非限定性分句和无动词分句
表示时间 His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play.
表示原因 The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.
表示条件 Weather permitting, the cricket match will be played on Wednesday.
表示方式和伴随状况 He put on his sockswrong side out.
在上述例子中,独立结构都可以变成 with引导的介词词组 而表示否定意义的可转换为 without引导的介词词组
独立结构常见于正式语体,特别是文学体裁。