英语语法时态

时态是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。它是表示行为、动作、状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。想要打好英语基础首先得学好时态，本思维导图是英语语法时态总结，超好理解记忆！

时态

• 时（时间状语）
  • 现在时
    • (am, is, are)(have,has) (do,does)
  • 过去时
    • (was,were) had,did
  • 将来时
    • (will/shall+be) (will/shall+have) (will/shall+do)
  • 过去将来时
    • (should/would+be) (should/would+have) (should/would+do)
• 态（动作与时间状语之间的关系）
  • 一般状态
    • 一般现在时
      • 主语+be/do+其他
        • I am a student.
      • 主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他
        • I do not like oranges.
    • 一般过去时
      • 主语 + 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词。
        • She often came to help us in those days.
      • 主语 + was/were + not + 其他
        • I didn't know you were so busy.
    • 一般将来时
      • 主语 + am/is/are + going to + do sth
        • They are going to have a competition with us in studies.
      • 主语 + will/shall + do sth
    • 一般过去将来时
      • 主语 + was/were + going to + do + 其它；
      • 主语 + would/should + do +其它
        • He said he would go to Beijing the next day.
      • 主语 + was/were + not + going to + do;
      • 主语 + would/should + not + do.
    • 动作与时间状语同时发生
    • 经常干do
  • 进行状态
    • 现在进行时
      • 主语+ be + doing + 其它
        • How are you feeling today?
      • 主语 + be + not +doing + 其它
    • 过去进行时
      • 主语+was/were +doing +其它
        • When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
      • 主语+was/were + not +doing+其它
    • 将来进行时
      • 主语 + shall/will + be + 现在分词 + 其它
        • This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.
      • 主语 + shall/will + not + be + 现在分词 + 其它
    • 过去将来进行时
      • should/would + be + 现在分词
        • He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting
    • 动作与时间状语同时或之后发生
    • 正在干 be doing
    • 强调正在进行
  • 完成状态
    • 现在完成时
      • 主语 + have/has + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
        • The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.
        • I've written an essay.
      • 主语 + have/has + not + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
    • 过去完成时
      • 主语 + had + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
        • As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
        • By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.
      • 主语 + had + not +p.p（过去分词） + 其它
    • 将来完成时
      • 主语 + be going to/will/shall + have + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
        • By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.
    • 过去将来完成时
      • should/would have done sth.
        • He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.
    • 动作在时间状语之前发生，且在其之前或者同时结束
    • 干完了 have done
  • 完成进行状态
    • 现在完成进行时
      • 主语 + have/has + been + doing + 其它
        • I have been sitting here for an hour.
    • 过去完成进行时
      • 主语 + had + been + doing + 其它
        • She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.
    • 将来完成进行时
      • shall/will have been doing
        • I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.
    • 将来完成进行时
      • should/would + have + been +现在分词
        • He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.
    • 动作在时间状语之前发生，且在其之后结束
    • 干完了继续干 have been doing
• 被动
  • 把do换成be done