以脑科学为基础的语言教学

这是一篇关于以脑科学为基础的语言教学的思维导图。

3.1 以脑科学为基础的语言教学 Brain science based teachingAmy Roe

• Background Intro
• How I Learned Spanish
  • Stories
    • video program
    • audible books
    • Spanish music
    • Movies
  • Teach Spanish after graduation
• How I didn't learn French
  • Studying
    • Flashcards
    • labels at home
  • Why no progress?
    • 1 The words were NEVER in a meaningful context.
    • 2 I was studying vocab based on semantic clusters.
      • Semantic Clusters按主题分类的单词簇（大多数教科书设计）
        • 单词越是按主题分类呈现，越是难记，越是耗时，甚至比记毫无关联的单词还难
• Related Vocabulary
  • e.g.
    • tiger
    • orange
    • rainforest
    • striped
    • growl
    • 相互联系的一组词，构建meaningful context
  • 与semantic clusters对比
    • e.g. tiger, lion, cheetah
    • semantic clusters 虽然属于Big Cat大类，但在这里没有形成meaningful context
  • How to teach?
    • Don't need to follow the semantic clusters all the time
    • Change the vocab into related units(把可以编故事的单词抽出来，放在一个单元讲)
      • e.g. I'm going on a trip, and I need ...
      • 每人记住前人的东西，然后增加一样要带的东西
      • 单次授课，少即是多3-5新词即可
    • Write Target Words
      • 可以写翻译
        • Establishing meaning方便学生理解含义，避免焦虑沮丧
      • Give student enough time: pause,point,read and comprehend/process
• TCI课堂指导
  • 1 Speak slowly
    • 老师会讲90%的核心词汇，有大量输入
    • 放慢语速有助于学生理解这些大量输入comprehensible input
  • 2 Intro lesson than 5 new words/key structures
  • 3 Words and translations
  • 4 Pause and point
• TCI单词教学指导
  • TPRJames Asher
    • Listening comes BEFORE speaking
    • Brain is programmed to learn language
    • Both hemispheres of the brain
      • Left hemisphere: physical movement
      • Right hemisphere: language
    • Stress inhibit language learning
  • e.g. action verbs
    • 1 establish meaning (write words and translation in different colors)
    • 2 teach the words
      • model
        • 老师说，老师做
        • 老师说，老师做，让学生做
      • delay
        • 老师说，老师不做，学生做，然后老师做
        • 给学生think about the meaning的时间
      • remove
        • 老师说，学生做，老师不做
    • 3 assess comprehension
      • eye closed
        • 集体闭眼，老师说，学生闭眼做
    • 4 put the verb in a sentence
      • Add more details
        • Tom, run to the table
      • Be safe!!!
    • 5 chain of verbs
      • 游戏：three ring circus
        • 三个学生听老师指令，做不同的动作
        • 问其他学生
          • Who's ...ing?
          • Is ...ing?
  • Limits
    • 有些单词非常不适用
    • VERB forms不好限定
    • 学生自主性受限，趣味性有限
• TPRSBlaine Ray
  • 含义
    • Total Physical Response Storytelling
    • 如今：Teaching Proficiency Through Reading and Storytelling
  • TPRS lesson
    • 3-5 new words per lesson
    • Teacher creates a storyline
      • character
      • problem
      • Places
        • 1 Problem isn't solved
        • 2 Problem isn't solved
        • 3 Problem is solved
    • Repeat target words
    • During
      • T asks questions
        • S provide info for the story
      • S answer the questions
      • Q&A create the story together
      • Student actors acting all the time