导图社区 中小学英语语法思维导图之动词
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思维导图
动词
定义
表动作
play
表状态
be
have
sleep
分类
实义动词
是否及物
及物
单宾
vt.+sb/sth
eat an egg
双宾
vt.+sb+sth
giive me an egg
vt.+sth+to sb
lend an egg to me
vt.+sth+for sb
buy an egg for me
宾补
vt.+sb/sth+n.
We consider him an honest boy.
vt.+sb/sth+adj.
Our English teacher often makes his stories interesting.
vt.+sb/sth+to do
The dotor advised me to have a good rest.
vt.+sb/sth+doing
Can you hear someone playing the piano next door?
不及物
vi.
不直接跟宾语
The car stoped.
跟不定式及物化
I don't want to hurry you.
是否延续
时点行为
The train has arrived.
不能接时间段
The train has't arrived for two hours.
非延续的否定形式表延续
时段行为
v.+for/since+时间
He has waited for two hours.
We have known each other since five years ago.
行为转化
become
leave
be away
begin
be on
finish
be over
buy
系动词
+n./adj.构成系表结构
除be之外其他都是实义动词转化的半系动词
表持续
keep
keep quiet
be quiet
用be(a)替换是否说的通来判断文中是否为系动词
keep smile
be a smile
His father kept a book shop.
经营
stay
lay
stand
remain
表变化
become famous
become a teacher
grow
fall
fall asleep
get
run
run wild
come
come true
come right
go
go bad
turn
turn nasty
表相似
seem
He seems (to be) very sad.
look
He looks tired.
appear
表感官
...起来
smell
This flower smells very sweet.
feel
sound
taste
表结果
prove
The rumor proved false.
这谣言证实有假。
turn out
His plan turned out a success.
His plan was a success.
换be可以说的通
助动词
+v.构成时态语态
be+doing/done
进行时
was reading
被动语态
are killed
被杀
have+done
完成时
has left
shall/will+v.
将来时
will come
do+否定/疑问
doesn't know
Do you know?
情态动词
+v.表语气情态
can/could
可能性
否定/疑问句表主观猜测
肯定句表理念上可能
能力
≈be able to
表经过努力才具备的能力
许可
You can phone me in the evening.
can't help doing sth
情不自禁做某事
can't be doing with sth
无法接受某物
no can do
不行
Sorry, no can do. I just don't have the time.
may/might
might语气更弱，只用于请求许可不用于给予许可
强弱排序
can>could>may>might
祝愿
May+主语+动词原形
May you succeed.
否定may
may not
可能不
mustn't
不许
must
必须
强调主观性义务
have to
强调客观性义务
don't have to
不必
一定是
用于肯定句表有根据推测
need
必要
用于否定/疑问句
回答
must/have to
needn't
需要
need to do
will/would
表意愿
I won't argue with you.
我不愿意和你争辩
shall/should
表征询
用于主语一三人称的疑问句
Shall I turn on the lights?
表许诺
用于主语二三人称的陈述句
You shall turn on the lights.
表职责
Drivers should/shall obey the speed limit.
表推测
should用于有一定根据的推测
The light is on, she should be home now.
used to
used to do
过去习惯于
He usedn't to/didn't use to drink.
be used to doing sth
习惯于做某事
be used to do sth
被用于做某事
be used for (doing) sth
被用来某事
had better
（表建议）最好
You'd better go to hospital now.
had better not
最好不
dare
敢于
She dare not say what she thinks.
She dares to say whatever she wants to say.
形式
动词原形
三单现在式
-s
一般
-es
ch/sh/s/x/o结尾
goes
辅音字母+y变i
flies
过去式/过去分词
-ed
cried
重读闭音节结尾且只有一辅音字母
双写词尾
stopped
-d
不发音字母e结尾
liked
特例
went
gone
give
gave
given
cut
bring
brought
现在分词
-ing
去e
stopping
ie结尾
ie变y+ing
短语动词
v.+prep.
相当于及物动词
ask for
listen to
v.+adv.
turn off the radio
turn it off
代词放中间
相当于不及物动词
give up
屈服
v.+adv.+prep.
catch up with
赶上
get away from
摆脱
v.+n.+prep.
pay attention to
注意
take part in
参加
v.+n.
go shopping
去购物
have a try
尝试
be+adj.+prep.
be afraid of
害怕
be good at
擅长
