中小学英语语法思维导图之句子结构

学霸家长呕心整理，适用于中小学生归纳学习英语语法知识，可自行修改扩充知识点。

结构

• 类型
  • 简单句
    • 1主1谓
      • S+Vi
        • The train stopped.
      • S+Vt+O
        • I understood the sentence.
      • S+Vt+Oi+Od
        • He told me a story.
      • S+Vt+O+OC
        • Mother made him stay at home.
          • 妈妈让他待在家里。
      • S+Vl+P
        • The sun is shining brightly.
          • 阳光明媚
  • 并列句
    • N主多谓
      • 表并列
        • You not only work hard, but also pass the exam.
          • 并列
        • You worked hard, and passed the exam without incident.
          • 先后
        • (You) work hard, and you will pass the exam.
          • 递进
      • 表选择
        • You can work hard, or you can work negatively.
          • 或者
        • (You) work hard, or you won't pass the exam.
          • 结果
      • 表转折
        • You worked hard, but you didn't pass the exam.
      • 表因果
        • You passed the exam, for you worked hard.
          • 原因
        • You worked hard, so you passed the exam.
          • 结果
  • 复合句
    • 1主多从
      • 示例
        • A docter is a person who looks after people's health.
      • 主句
        • 作为主体
        • A docter is a person
      • 从句
        • 从属主体
          • 主句的一个成分
        • who looks after people's health
          • 定语修饰person
• 主谓一致
  • 语法一致
    • and/both and
      • 连接不同事物
        • 谓语复数
          • The singer and the actor are greated by a crowd of people.
            • 歌手和演员受众人欢迎
      • 连接相同事物
        • 谓语单数
          • The singer and actor is greated by a crowd of people.
            • 歌手兼演员受众人欢迎
    • each/every/no用and成对连接
      • 谓语单数
        • Each man and each woman is asked to help.
          • 每个人都要帮忙
    • people/police/eattle等集合名词
      • 谓语复数
        • Cattle provide us with milk and beef.
          • 牛为我们提供牛奶和牛肉
    • A with/along with/as well as B
      • 谓语与A一致
        • Nobody but Tom and Jim was in the classroom.
          • 没有人在教室，除了汤姆和吉姆
          • 只有汤姆和吉姆在教室
        • 修饰语不影响被修饰语的数
    • a kind/pair/series of 等套装计量单位
      • 谓语单数
        • this pair of shoes is really expensive.
        • 修饰语不影响被修饰语的数
    • 关系代词做定语从句中的主语
      • 从句谓语与先行词一致
        • He is one of friends who are working hard.
        • He is the (only) one of friends who is working hard.
          • the one
            • 那个事物
  • 意义一致
    • 表示时间距离价值重量的名词
      • 谓语单数
        • Ten yuan is enough.
          • 10元钱足够了
            • 表整体
    • 数量词+of A
      • 谓语与A一致
        • Most of the boys are naughty.
        • Four-fifths of milk is freshless.
        • most/part/half/several/many/few/分数等
    • more than one/many a+单数可数名词
      • 谓语单数
        • More than one way has been tried to stop noise pollution.
          • 主语中心词为way
        • More members than one are against your plan.
          • 主语中心词为members
    • a number of 复数名词
      • 许多...
        • 谓语复数
          • A number of cars are parked in front of my house.
            • 主语中心词为cars
          • The number of the students has increased recently.
            • 主语中心词为number
    • a quantity of
      • 大量的...
        • 谓语单数
          • A quantity of food was on the table
            • 主语中心词为quantity
          • Quantities of food were on the table.
    • 不定式/动名词/从句
      • 谓语单数
        • To say something is easier than to do something.
          • 说比做容易
    • the+形容词/分词
      • 一类人
        • 谓语复数
          • The sick have been cured
      • 一类事物或抽象概念
        • 谓语单数
          • The new is sure to replace the old.
            • 新事物一定会取代旧事物
    • family/calss等集合名词
      • 侧重整体
        • 谓语单数
          • Mead's family lives in Zhengzhou city.
            • 米德一家生活在郑州
      • 强调个体
        • 谓语复数
          • Mead's family are all friendly.
            • 米德一家都是友好的
    • 不定代词
      • 谓语单数
        • Somebody is using phone.
    • neither/either of A
      • 单复均可
        • Neither of them have/has locked the door.
    • 单复同形
      • 视文意而定
        • sheep
        • fish
        • deer
        • means
        • species
          • 种类
        • series
          • 系列
  • 就近一致
    • there/here be结构
      • Here is a pen and a few books for you.
    • or/either...or/neither ...or/not only...but also
      • Either I or you are wrong.