There be+sb/sth+Ving+时间/地点 表正在发生
eg:There is a boy playing football on the ground
有一个男孩正在操场上踢足球
There will/is going to be+sb/sth+时间/地点(只能用be)表将来时
eg:There will/is going to be a football match in our school
我们的学校将有一场足球赛
There used to be+sb/sth+时间/地点 表过去时
eg:There used to be a river in our hometown
过去我们家乡有条小河
There+具体动作+sb/sth+时间/地点 使句子更具体生动
eg:There stands a boy in the middle of the classroom
有一个男孩站在教室的中间
区别have/has
there be表示有,为位置/时间关系
eg:There is a hold in the wall
墙上有个洞
have/has表示拥有,为所属关系
eg:She has a cat
她拥有一只猫
be 用就近原则
eg:There is a book and three cats
如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装
eg:He came here
Here he came
部分倒装
只把助动词,包括系动词情态,动词移到主语之前(一般疑问句)
否定词开头,如:no,not,at no time等
only及only引导的成分开头
Not until 直到 才(考翻译)
放句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装
eg:I didn′t eat breakfast until my mother come here
Not until my mother come here did I eat breakfast
直到我妈妈回来我才吃早餐
only+副词/介词短语/状语从句时,主句倒装
eg:Only in this way,canyou learn English well. (only+介词短语)
只有这样,你才能学好英语
Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. (only+副词)
昨天他才发现他的手表不见了
Only when it began to rain did he finish his job. (only+状语从句)
直到开始下雨,他才完成他的工作
so,neither,nor做部分倒装,表示 “也(不)”的句式
表示同一种情况适用于两者,或一者同时具备两种情况
so/neither/nor+不助动词/情态动词/be+主语 的倒装句式
eg:Tom can speak French.So csn Jack. 汤姆会讲法语,杰克也会
If you won't go,neither will I. 你不去,我也不去
as/though引导的部分倒装
引导的让步状语从句,由于语法需要,可将表语或状语从句提前(形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前)
句首不能带任何冠词
句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后面,如果实动词有宾语和状语,实义动词一起放在主语之前
如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装。即:后倒前不倒(如否定词在句首不倒装)
eg:Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.
病的很重时,他才卧床休息