虚拟语气学习笔记

虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。下图讲述了虚拟语气的相关知识点，赶快收藏下图学习吧！

虚拟语气

• 固定句型
  • wish/if only/as if/as though
    • had done 对过去情况的假设
    • did(be用were)对现在情况的假设
    • would/could/might do 对将来情况的假设
  • would rather /would sooner /would(just)as soon,would prefer
    • had done 对过去情况的假设
    • did（be用were）对现在/将来情况的假设
  • It is (high/about) time (that) 该做......的时候了
    • should do （should不可以省略） /did （两个通用）
    • eg：It is high time you should work hard. = It is hight time you worked hard.
• should虚拟
  • 标志词（动词/名词/形容词）+that+主语（should可省略）do/be done
    • 动词：一坚持（insist）二命令（order/command）三建议（advise/suggest/propose）
    • 四要求（demand/require/request/ask）其他（determine/recommend/urge/desire）
    • 名词：advice，demand，order，proposal，suggestion，request，requirement，a pity
    • 形容词：五个重要（important/vital/essential/necessary/imperative）三个able（advisable/preferable/desirable）
    • 其他（urgent/strange/better/sorry）
    • “以防，以免”⇨主句+连词+句子(此形式should不常省略)构成从句。lest/for fear that/in case（不用再找that）
• 含蓄虚拟(可以只跟一个名词，if后面必须跟一个句子)
  • 标志词but for = without 要不是，要没有 / otherwise = or 否则 /with/under
  • should/would/could/might+have done（对过去虚拟）/do（对现在或将来虚拟）
  • eg：Without God,Jack couldn't have got the ticket.
• 错综虚拟
  • 主句和从句时间点不一致（各司其职：主句跟主句的时间点，从句跟从句时间点）
  • eg：If you had asked her for the number last year(过去),she would be your girl friend now(现在).
• 省略if的虚拟
  • 条件①在if虚拟从句中 ②谓语动词有were,had,should
  • 步骤①将if省略 ② 将were,had,should提到主语前 ③ 如果有not,not不提前
  • eg:①If I were a rich,I would stay in bed all day.⇨Were I a rich,I would stay in bed all day.
  • eg:②If I hadn't met him yesterday,I would have visited him.⇨Had I not met him yesterday,I would have visited him.
• if条件虚拟（if后面的是从句）
  • 对过去虚拟
    • 从句（主语+had done）主句（主语+should/would/could/might+have done）
    • eg：If my husband hadn't died,I wouldn't have married here.
  • 对现在虚拟
    • 从句（主语+did（be动词用were））主句（主语+should/would/could/might+do）
    • eg：If I got one million RMB now,I would buy a Lamborghini.
  • 对将来虚拟
    • 从句主语+did(be用were)/were to do/should do主句（主语+should/would/could/might+do）
    • eg：If I worked hard,I could become the First Lady in future.
• 表达不可能实现的愿望或与事实相反的假设