PET英语语法之间接引语：Reported Speech

根据剑桥PET语法精讲精练相关章节内容详细梳理间接引语中时态、人称、状语、动词等变化规则与语法知识，要点梳理，非常值得学习！

• 6 - 间接疑问句（Reporting questions)
  • 特殊疑问句
    • 由疑问词（how, which, when, what, who, why, where, how long)提问的问句
    • Q-word question
      • Reporting verb + Q-word +statement
    • How's your knee?
      • Tim asked Joe how his knee was.
    • Where will you play?
      • Tim asked Joe where he would play.
    • Why didn't you score?
      • Tim asked Joe why he hadn't scored.
  • 是非疑问句
    • 可以用yes 或no回答的疑问句
    • Yes/ No question
      • Reporting verb + if/whether + statement
    • Are you happy?
      • Tim asked Joe if/whether he was happy.
    • Does your mother always watch?
      • Tim asked Joe if/whether his mother always watched.
  • 注意
    • 有些时候可用其他动词替代ask
    • How much do you earn?
      • I wanted to know how much he earned.
    • Will they win?
      • I wondered if they would win.?
• 导图绘制 | Snowsunshine
• 导图绘制 | Snowsunshine
• 制图软件 | 亿图脑图 MindMaster
• 资料来源 | 剑桥PET语法精讲精练·浙江教育出版社
• 5 - 动词的变化
  • said and told
    • 在使用间接引语转述的时候经常会用到said 或told， 但用法不同
    • said
      • - He said (that) they would win.
      • - He said to me (that) they would win.
    • told
      • - He told me (that) they would win.
  • 其他动词
    • 在tell，ask或其他一些动词后用动词不定式（infinitive）
    • tell
      • - Be careful.
      • - I told him to be careful.
    • ask
      • - Please don't take any photographs.
      • - He asked us not to take any photographs.
    • invite
      • - Would you like to have lunch with me?
      • - I invited him to have lunch with me.
    • order
      • - Write a new article!
      • - He ordered me to write a new article.
    • remind
      • - Remember to watch the match.
      • - He reminded me to watch the match.
• • PET英语语法之间接引语：Reported Speech
• 7 - Polite questions
  • 使用情景
    • 当礼貌询问信息时，使用与间接疑问句中相同的顺序进行提问，但是不改变时态
  • 例句
    • - Can you tell me when the match starts?
    • - I'd like to know if there are any tickets left.
• 8 - 转述指令：Reported commands
  • 使用情景
    • 转述一个指令或要求时可用 tell 之类的动词并接不定式to：V+宾语+不定式to
  • 例句
    • -‘Stop talking!' - The teacher told them to stop talking.
    • - 'Don't be late!' -The father told his daughter not to be late.
• 4 - 状语的变化(时间、地点）
  • • 直接引语
      • 间接引语
  • 时间
    • today
      • that day
    • tonight
      • that night
    • tomorrow
      • the next day
    • yesterday
      • the day before
    • next week
      • the following week
    • now
      • then
  • 地点
    • this
      • that
    • here
      • there
  • 例句
    • - We're going on holiday tomorrow. - They said they were going on holiday the next day.
    • - I often buy bread here in this shop. - She said she often bought bread there in that shop.
• 2 - 人称的变化
  • • 直接引语
      • 间接引语
  • 主格
    • I
      • he / she
    • we
      • they
  • 宾格
    • you
      • them/ us
  • 所 有 格
    • my
      • his/ her
    • our
      • their
  • 例句
    • - I can't go out with you because my mother's kept my money. - He said he couldn't go out with them because his monther had kept his money.
    • - We love our flat. - They said they loved their flat.
• 3 - 时态的变化
  • 直接引语
    • 间接引语
      • 例句
  • 一般现在时 Present Simple
    • 一般过去时 Past Simple
      • -The house is dirty. - She said (that) the house was dirty.
  • 现在进行时 Present Continuous
    • 过去进行时 Past Continuous
      • - I'm expecting visitors. - She said (that) she was expecting visitors.
  • 一般过去时 Past Simple
    • 过去完成时 Past Perfect
      • - I washed the car. - I said (that) I'd/had washed the car.
  • 现在完成时 Present Perfect
    • 过去完成时 Past Perfect
      • - You haven't tidied the house. - She said I hadn't tidied the house.
  • be going to
    • was/were going to
      • - I'm/I am going to keep your pocket money. - She said (that) she was going to keep my pocket money.
  • will
    • would
      • - I'll/ I will wash up. - I said (that) I 'd/ I would wash up.
  • can
    • could
      • - You can't go out. - She said I couldn't go out.
• 9 - 特殊情况
  • 不变化的
    • could
      • - I couldn't understand. - He said that he couldn't understand.
    • would
    • should
      • - You friends should help. - She said my friends should help.
    • might
    • 过去完成时 Past Perfect
      • - I hadn't expected her to come home early. - He said that he hadn't expected her to come home early.
    • mustn't
      • - You mustn't do that again. - She said I mustn't do that again.
  • 特殊变化
    • must变 had to
      • - You must stay at home. - She said I had to stay at home.
• 1 - 定 义
  • Reported Speech，也可称为Indirect Speech，指在英语中当直接引用他人的话语时，不是直接复述其原话，而是通过某种方式来转述其内容
  • 这种转述通常会涉及到人称、时态、状语（时间、地点）以及动词的变化
  • 转述某人说了什么，通常需要跟在动词said, asked等之后

• 间接引语：Reported Speech
• 导图绘制 | Snowsunshine
• 制图软件 | 亿图脑图 MindMaster
• 资料来源 | 剑桥PET语法精讲精练·浙江教育出版社
• PET英语语法之
• 2 - 人称的变化
  • • 直接引语
      • 间接引语
  • 主格
    • I
      • he / she
    • we
      • they
  • 宾格
    • you
      • them/ us
  • 所 有 格
    • my
      • his/ her
    • our
      • their
  • 例句
    • - I can't go out with you because my mother's kept my money. - He said he couldn't go out with them because his monther had kept his money.
    • - We love our flat. - They said they loved their flat.
• 1 - 定 义
  • Reported Speech，也可称为Indirect Speech，指在英语中当直接引用他人的话语时，不是直接复述其原话，而是通过某种方式来转述其内容
  • 这种转述通常会涉及到人称、时态、状语（时间、地点）以及动词的变化
  • 转述某人说了什么，通常需要跟在动词said, asked等之后

• 3 - 时态的变化
  • 直接引语
    • 间接引语
      • 例句
  • 一般现在时 Present Simple
    • 一般过去时 Past Simple
      • -The house is dirty. - She said (that) the house was dirty.
  • 现在进行时 Present Continuous
    • 过去进行时 Past Continuous
      • - I'm expecting visitors. - She said (that) she was expecting visitors.
  • 一般过去时 Past Simple
    • 过去完成时 Past Perfect
      • - I washed the car. - I said (that) I'd/had washed the car.
  • 现在完成时 Present Perfect
    • 过去完成时 Past Perfect
      • - You haven't tidied the house. - She said I hadn't tidied the house.
  • be going to
    • was/were going to
      • - I'm/I am going to keep your pocket money. - She said (that) she was going to keep my pocket money.
  • will
    • would
      • - I'll/ I will wash up. - I said (that) I 'd/ I would wash up.
  • can
    • could
      • - You can't go out. - She said I couldn't go out.
• 间接引语：Reported Speech
• 导图绘制 | Snowsunshine
• 制图软件 | 亿图脑图 MindMaster
• 资料来源 | 剑桥PET语法精讲精练·浙江教育出版社
• PET英语语法之

• 4 - 状语的变化(时间、地点）
  • • 直接引语
      • 间接引语
  • 时间
    • today
      • that day
    • tonight
      • that night
    • tomorrow
      • the next day
    • yesterday
      • the day before
    • next week
      • the following week
    • now
      • then
  • 地点
    • this
      • that
    • here
      • there
  • 例句
    • - We're going on holiday tomorrow. - They said they were going on holiday the next day.
    • - I often buy bread here in this shop. - She said she often bought bread there in that shop.
• 间接引语：Reported Speech
• 导图绘制 | Snowsunshine
• 制图软件 | 亿图脑图 MindMaster
• 资料来源 | 剑桥PET语法精讲精练·浙江教育出版社
• PET英语语法之

• 5 - 动词的变化
  • said and told
    • 在使用间接引语转述的时候经常会用到said 或told， 但用法不同
    • said
      • - He said (that) they would win.
      • - He said to me (that) they would win.
    • told
      • - He told me (that) they would win.
  • 其他动词
    • 在tell，ask或其他一些动词后用动词不定式（infinitive）
    • tell
      • - Be careful.
      • - I told him to be careful.
    • ask
      • - Please don't take any photographs.
      • - He asked us not to take any photographs.
    • invite
      • - Would you like to have lunch with me?
      • - I invited him to have lunch with me.
    • order
      • - Write a new article!
      • - He ordered me to write a new article.
    • remind
      • - Remember to watch the match.
      • - He reminded me to watch the match.
• 间接引语：Reported Speech
• 导图绘制 | Snowsunshine
• 制图软件 | 亿图脑图 MindMaster
• 资料来源 | 剑桥PET语法精讲精练·浙江教育出版社
• PET英语语法之

• 7 - Polite questions
  • 使用情景
    • 当礼貌询问信息时，使用与间接疑问句中相同的顺序进行提问，但是不改变时态
  • 例句
    • - Can you tell me when the match starts?
    • - I'd like to know if there are any tickets left.
• 6 - 间接疑问句（Reporting questions)
  • 特殊疑问句
    • 由疑问词（how, which, when, what, who, why, where, how long)提问的问句
    • Q-word question
      • Reporting verb + Q-word +statement
    • How's your knee?
      • Tim asked Joe how his knee was.
    • Where will you play?
      • Tim asked Joe where he would play.
    • Why didn't you score?
      • Tim asked Joe why he hadn't scored.
  • 是非疑问句
    • 可以用yes 或no回答的疑问句
    • Yes/ No question
      • Reporting verb + if/whether + statement
    • Are you happy?
      • Tim asked Joe if/whether he was happy.
    • Does your mother always watch?
      • Tim asked Joe if/whether his mother always watched.
  • 注意
    • 有些时候可用其他动词替代ask
    • How much do you earn?
      • I wanted to know how much he earned.
    • Will they win?
      • I wondered if they would win.?
• 间接引语：Reported Speech
• 导图绘制 | Snowsunshine
• 制图软件 | 亿图脑图 MindMaster
• 资料来源 | 剑桥PET语法精讲精练·浙江教育出版社
• PET英语语法之

• 9 - 特殊情况
  • 不变化的
    • could
      • - I couldn't understand. - He said that he couldn't understand.
    • would
    • should
      • - You friends should help. - She said my friends should help.
    • might
    • 过去完成时 Past Perfect
      • - I hadn't expected her to come home early. - He said that he hadn't expected her to come home early.
    • mustn't
      • - You mustn't do that again. - She said I mustn't do that again.
  • 特殊变化
    • must变 had to
      • - You must stay at home. - She said I had to stay at home.
• 8 - 转述指令：Reported commands
  • 使用情景
    • 转述一个指令或要求时可用 tell 之类的动词并接不定式to：V+宾语+不定式to
  • 例句
    • -‘Stop talking!' - The teacher told them to stop talking.
    • - 'Don't be late!' -The father told his daughter not to be late.
• 间接引语：Reported Speech
• 导图绘制 | Snowsunshine
• 制图软件 | 亿图脑图 MindMaster
• 资料来源 | 剑桥PET语法精讲精练·浙江教育出版社
• PET英语语法之