语言学 语义学

自用，就是森么看我们是克林斯曼开始语义学. 語義學 （英語： semantics ），也作 语意学 ，是一个涉及到 语言学 、 逻辑学 、 计算机科学 、 自然语言处理 、 认知科学 、 心理学 等诸多领域的一个术语。

语言学 语义学

• Meanings of meaning
  • Leech’s 7 types of meanings
• The study of meaning 戴
  • The conceptualist view戴
  • The naming theory戴
    • Words are the labels of the objects
  • Contextualism
    • Derive meaning from or reduce meaning to observable contexts
      • The situational context
      • The linguistic context
        • Co-text
  • Behaviorism
    • ...p65
• The Referential Theory
  • 1.0 Definition
    • Word to things
  • 2.0 semantic triangle
    • Sense & Reference
      • Properties,entities
      • Not every world has a reference
• Sense Relations
  • The sense of a word
    • The semantic relations between one linguistic unit and another
  • reference
    • The relationship between a word and the thing it refers to
  • Sameness relation
    • Synonymy
      • Dialectal
      • Style
      • Differ in emotive or evaluative meaning
      • Collocational synonyms
      • Semantically different synonyms
  • Oppositeness relation
    • Antonymy
      • Gradable antonymy
        • Characteristics
          • Differ in terms of degree, the intermediate degrees may be lexicalized
          • Antonymys are graded against different norms. Big car big pie
          • The term of the higher degree serves as the cover term
            • Cover term marked
              • Usual
            • Covered term unmarked
              • Unusual
      • Complementary antonymy
        • Difference between the gradable antonymy
        • The norm is absolute
        • No cover term
      • Converse antonymy
      • Relational opposites
        • Always two entities involved
        • One presupposes another
  • Inclusiveness relation
    • Hyponymy
      • Superordinate/hypernym
        • Auto-hyponym
        • It can be missing
      • Hyponyms
        • It can be missing
      • Co-hyponyms
  • Polysemy
  • Homonymy
    • Homophones
    • Homographs
    • Complete homonyms
• Analysis of meaning
  • Compoential analysis
    • Semantic features/components ~meaning
      • The entailment relation between sentences
    • Problems
      • Words are polysemous
      • Components are binary
      • Difficult to ascertain components
    • Summary
      • Components =Meta-language
  • Meaning
    • Grammatical meaning
      • Grammatical well-formedness
    • Semantic meaning
      • Selection restrictions
  • Prediction analysis
    • Prediction
      • Argument(s)
      • predicate
        • Main element. Why?
      • Classification
        • Two place prediction
        • One place prediction
        • No place prediction
• Sentence meaning
  • Cognitive Semantics
    • The principle of compositionality
      • Meaning of words and the way they combined
    • Construction grammar
      • Construction contributes arguments to verbs
        • The path-goal argument
  • 戴
    • Synonymous
    • Inconsistent
    • Entails
    • Presupposes
      • Prerequisite
    • X is a Contradiction
    • X is Anomalous