导图社区 外研版八年级上册英语M9 思维导图
这是一篇关于外研版八年级上册英语思维导图,主要内容包括::冠词用法总结,作文:Water is importantWater is very important to humans and other living things(生物). We can't live wit。
编辑于2024-11-27 10:27:30中心主题
名词(n)
反映人口相关情况的:
birth(出生)
give a birth to 诞生
The hen gave a birth to many eggs.(母鸡产下了许多鸡蛋。)
birthday
pupil(学生;小学生,可侧面体现人口中的青少年群体情况)
涉及居住及公共资源方面的
noise(噪声;噪音)
noisy adj 吵闹的
make a noise 制造噪音
nosy(爱管闲事的;好打听的,可用于形容一些与周围人群相处时的行为特点等
rubbish(垃圾;废弃物)
pick up the rubbish 捡起垃圾
throw away the rubbish 扔掉垃圾
同义词
waste
garbage
trash
pollution(污染)
air/waster/noise pollution 空气水噪音污染
pollute v. 污染
Using too much plastic can pollute the environment.(使用过多塑料会污染环境。)
problem(麻烦;问题,可涵盖人口增长等带来的诸多问题)
No problem 没问题
涉及居住及公共资源方面的
flat(套房;公寓)
apartment 套间
service(公共服务;服务)
serve 动词V.
serve sb. (with) sth.用某物招待某人;向某人提供某物The waitress served us with delicious food.(女服务员用美味的食物招待了我们。)
public service 公共服务
动词(v):
与人口数量变化相关的:
grow (grew)(增长;增大)
increase(n&v 增大;增长)
increase to 增加到
The number of students in our class increased to 50 last year.(我们班的学生人数去年增加到了 50 人。
increase by 增加了
The number of cars in the city has increased by 1000 this year.(这个城市的汽车数量今年增加了 1000 辆。
Population increase is a big problem in many countries.
reduce 减少
reduce by减少了……,表示减少的幅度或数量。例句:The price of the dress was reduced by 20%. (这条裙子的价格降低了 20%。)
reduce to含义:减少到……,强调最终减少的结果或状态。例句:The number of students in our class was reduced to 40. (我们班的学生人数减少到了 40 人。)
reduce pollution 含义:减少污染例句:Using public transportation can reduce pollution. (使用公共交通工具可以减少污染。)
针对问题处理的:
solve(解决问题,可用于解决人口及相关衍生问题),
solve a problem 解决一个问题
work out:解决;算出,有通过努力、思考或计算等方式找到答案或解决方法的意思 ,I can't work out this math problem. It's too difficult.(我解不出这道数学题,它太难了。
deal with:处理;应付;解决,既可以表示处理具体的事情,也可以表示解决问题或应对困难等情况。How can we deal with this difficult situation?(我们怎样才能处理这种困难的局面?)
cause(造成;引起,比如人口增长可能造成的种种影响)
cause trouble/problems 引起麻烦
because 连词
because of 后接名词、代词、动名词或短语,也用于表示原因,但其后不能接句子。
That causes a lot of problems, such as too much traffic and noise.
对现象描述相关的:
describe(描述,可描述人口现象等情况)
“We can describe the picture in words.”(我们可以用文字描述这幅画。)
describe...as...”,意思是 “把…… 描述为……” 或 “形容…… 是……”。例如:“I would describe her as a very kind person.”(我会把她描述为一个非常善良的人。)
名词 description 含义:描述;形容;叙述;说明;种类;类型。 常见用法:常用来指对人、物、事等的具体描述或说明。例如: She gave a detailed description of the man she saw.(她对她看到的那个男人作了详细的描述。
But it describes what is happening all over the world.
作文:Water is important Water is very important to humans and other living things(生物). We can't live without water but there is less and less water on the earth now. And many countries don't have enough water. But some people don't seem to care about that. They waste a lot of water, and throw rubbish into rivers and lakes. Some factories even pour (倒)dirty water into rivers and lakes. So many rivers and lakes are seriouslypolluted(严重污染).We must do something to stop the pollution and save water. As teenagers(青少年), we should try our best to protect(保护)water. If we don't do that, maybe there won't be enough water for everyone in the future.
一、The Importance of Water水的重要性
1. For Humans
Vital for survival
Daily activities rely on it
2. For Living Things
Basis of all life forms
Ecosystem depends on it
二、Current Water Situation水资源状况
1. Global
Decreasing amount of water
Scarce water resources
2. National
Many countries face shortage
Imbalance in water distribution
三、Problems Causing Water Crisis导致水资源危机的问题
1. Human Behaviors
Water waste by individuals
Littering in rivers and lakes
2. Industrial Impacts
Factories discharging dirty water
Severe pollution of water bodies
四、Solutions and Actions解决方案与行动
1. General Measures
Prevent pollution
Conserve water
2. Teenagers' Role
Make efforts to protect
Raise awareness among peers
Adopt water-saving habits
其他常用词汇
名词(n)
notes(笔记;随笔)
make notes 做笔记
report(报告汇报)
reporter(记者)
动词(v):
prepare(准备;预备)
ready(虽然常用作形容词,但也可作动词表示使准备好等含义)
prepare for 为...做准备
prepare to do sth 准备去做某事
mention 提及;谈到
create 创造
creation 名词n 创造;创作;创造物;产物。例如:The artist's creation is very beautiful.(这位艺术家的创作非常美丽。)
creative 形容词 adj.含义:有创造力的;创造性的;创新的。比如:She is a very creative girl.(她是一个非常有创造力的女孩。)
creator: 发明家,创造者
形容词(adj.)
huge(巨大的;庞大的,可形容人口数量规模等)
Beijing is a huge city with a large population.
quiet(寂静的;安静的)
silent
quite(很,相当,起修饰作用)
local(当地的;本地的)
public(公共的;公众的)
与数量相关的词汇
billion(十亿)
The population of China is about 1.37 billion.
million(百万)
That makes over 131.4 million births a year.
thousand(千)
hundred(百)
fifth(第五;五分之一)
That's almost one fifth of the world's population, that is, about 7 billion.
:冠词用法总结
一、不定冠词
(一)基本用法
修饰可数名词单数
表泛指,不具体说明人或物
(二)发音规则
a 用于辅音音标开头的单词前(a useful pen)
an 用于元音音标开头的单词前(an apple)
二、定冠词
特指双熟悉,上文已提及 世上独无二,序数最高级 某些专有名,习语及乐器
(一)特指用法
双熟悉:双方都知道的事物
上文已提及:再次提到上文出现过的事物(I have a dog. The dog is black.)
(二)特定情况
世上独一无二:the sun
姓氏复数表一家人:the Smiths
序数词前:the first
形容词最高级前:the biggest city
某些专有名词:the young(表示一类人)
习语:in the morning
乐器前:the piano
三、零冠词
下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前 专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭; 复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前; 颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔
(一)名词前有限定词时
代词限定名词前(There are many books in her schoolbag.)
(二)专有名词与不可数名词
专有名词:人名、地名等
不可数名词:物质名词、抽象名词等
(三)特定名词类别
学科:math, history 等
球类:play volleyball
三餐饭:have supper
复数名词表泛指:after having supper, I often play table tennis with my friends
颜色、语种和国名:in red(颜色), speak English(语种), in China(国名)
称呼、习语及头衔:in hospital(表生病住院)