虚拟语气

这是一篇关于虚拟语气的思维导图，主要内容包括：表语/同位语从句的虚拟运用，宾语从句的虚拟运用，句型，句型，引导词，时态。

虚拟语气

• 时态
  • 从句
    • 一般现在时（do/does）→一般过去时（did）→过去完成时（had done）
  • 主句
    • 一般将来时（will do)→过去将来时（would do）→过去将来完成时（would have done）
• 引导词
  • without, with, under, but, otherwise, or, 动词不定式,分词短语,but 连接的句子,if only(要是……就好了),wish（但愿),as if /thought, would rather
• 句型
  • 主句
    • if only
    • wish
    • wished
    • as if
    • as though
    • 从句
      • 与现在事实相反
      • did/were
      • 与过去事实相反
      • had done
      • 与将来事实相反
      • would/could/might/should do
  • It is
    • necessary
    • suggested
    • important
    • strange
    • demanded(要求)
    • ordered(命令)
    • reqrested(请求)
    • that sb. (should) do
  • It is/was
    • natural
    • desirable(可取的)
    • advisable（明智的)
    • urgent（紧急的）
    • preferable(更可取的)
    • that sb. (should) do
  • It is/was
    • a pity
    • a shame(遗憾)
    • no wonder(难怪)
    • that sb. (should) do
  • It is (high) time that sb.
    • did
    • was/were doing
    • should do
    • “到做......的时间了”
• 句型
  • could have done...... "本来能做......但未做"
  • couldn't have done...... "本来不能做......但做了"
  • should have done...... "本来该做......但做了"
  • shouldn't have done......"本不该做......但做了"
  • would have done......"本来会做......但没做"
  • wouldn't have done......"本不会做......但做了"
  • needn't have done......"本不必做......但做了"
• 宾语从句的虚拟运用
  • 一个坚持:insist
  • 两条命令：command、order
  • 三条建议：suggest、advise、recommand
  • 四个要求：require、request、demand、ask
  • 注：当suggest意味“暗示，表明”，insist意味“坚持说”，宾从用陈述语气
• 表语/同位语从句的虚拟运用
  • 表主张;idea、decision
  • 表愿望目标：aim、wish、desire、resolution(决心)、plan
  • 表建议：advice、advise、recommengation(推荐)、proposal(提议)
  • 表命令要求：order、requirment(要求）、request、demand、necessity(必然)
  • 备注：从句用should+动词原形