英语语法 表语从句

这是一篇关于表语从句的思维导图，主要内容包括：总结，引导词，定义。无论是初学者还是进阶学习者，都能从中受益，提升自己的英语水平。

表语从句

• 定义
  • 在句中做表语的从句称为表语从句，引导表语从句的引导词有that，whether，wh-类，as，as if，as though，because等
  • 和宾语从句的区分标志：从句前：系动词or实义动词
• 引导词
  • that
    • that无语义，不做成分，不能省略
      • The reason for his absence is that his daughter suddenly fell ill.
      • Their breakthrough, simply put, was that when their search engine crawled the Web, it did more than just look for word matches.
    • 主语是表示“计划、建议、要求、命令”的词，如 suggestion, advice, order, demand等时，表语从句的 谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
      • My advice is that you (should) think it over before you make a decision.
  • whether
    • whether“是否”不做成分，不能省略
      • The problem is whether the new plan can be put into practice.问题是新计划是否可以付诸实践
      • The question remains系动词的一种 whether they will be able to help us.
    • whether与if引导名词性从句都有“是否”的意思，有些情况不能使用if
      • 1. 主语从句
      • 2. 表语从句
      • 3. 宾语从句作介词宾语宾语时，和to do不定式前
      • 4. 与or not连用
  • wh-类连接词
    • 有语义，做成分，不能省略
    • who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever ， where, when, how, why, wherever, whenever等。
      • The problem is whom we can get to go to the airport to pick her up.（whom宾语）
      • The question is how we can persuade him to go with me.（how方式状语）
      • That's what we are here for.（what做介词for的宾语）
      • 4. This was where we hold the dance party last time（where做从句中的方式状语。不是地点状语从句是表语从句）.
      • 5. The question is however we can do the work better.方式状语强调
      • That's why he was late for school.why在所有从句中都是做原因状语
  • as/as if
    • as（像）as if（好像）引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等
      • 1. He looked just as he had looked ten years before.
      • 2. It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
    • as if/ as though 引导表语从句时，在表示与事实不符合的情况下用虚拟语气
      • 1. It looks as if she had understood the question.（had done是对于过去的假设）她看起来像理解了这个问题
      • Itappearsasifhehadn'tmether
  • because
    • That‘s because quickly growing energy demand requires immense investment in new supply.
    • Hubert never experienced any fear, and this was partly because he was not particularly intelligent.表语从句
    • 1.The reason 原因 for my return is ___c__ I left my keys behind. A. because B. it C. that D. why
      • reason的because不能连用
    • The reason we're so late is __c___ A. because of the car breaking down。 B. due the car broke down C. that the car broke down D. because the car broke down
    • The reason she failed in the exam was _a____。 A. that she hadn't worked hard B. because she hadn't worked hard C. why she hadn't worked hard D. because she was too careless
    • Stopping pouring polluted water into the river is __a___ the factory has to solve at present. A. what （solve sth） B. which 后面不能加冠词，可以直接加名词 C. as。 D. that（双无）
• 总结
  • 无时态语态限制
  • 什么都不能省略
  • 主语从句时态和主句可以不一样