导图社区 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册
这是一篇关于2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册的思维导图,涵盖重点短语、重点句型、语法要点及标志词等内容。
编辑于2025-10-31 09:01:45这是一篇关于七年级英语上册教学计划的思维导图,主要内容包括:课程目标和重点,课程涵盖的主题篇章,语法学习,听力训练,口语表达,阅读理解,写作训练,测评和复习安排。
这是一篇关于初中英语2024秋外研版Unit3 Family ties的思维导图,主要内容包括:重点词汇,重点短语,重点句型,语法点,写作话题。
这是一篇关于初中英语2024秋外研版Unit 6 The power of plants的思维导图,主要内容包括:重点词汇,重点短语,重点句型。
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这是一篇关于七年级英语上册教学计划的思维导图,主要内容包括:课程目标和重点,课程涵盖的主题篇章,语法学习,听力训练,口语表达,阅读理解,写作训练,测评和复习安排。
这是一篇关于初中英语2024秋外研版Unit3 Family ties的思维导图,主要内容包括:重点词汇,重点短语,重点句型,语法点,写作话题。
这是一篇关于初中英语2024秋外研版Unit 6 The power of plants的思维导图,主要内容包括:重点词汇,重点短语,重点句型。
2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册
Unit 1 This is me.
一. 重点短语
1. by the end of到......末
2. learn about了解
3. arrive at 到达小地点
4. arrive in到达大地方
5. make history创造历史
6. in stead of代替......;而不是......
7. to one`s surprise令某人惊奇的是
8. in surprise惊讶地
9. be proud of 为......感到骄傲,以......自豪
10. used to do sth过去常常做某事
11. feel like感觉像......;有......感觉
12.hold...back阻碍......(的发展)
13. start from zero 从零开始
14. as long as只要
15. stick to遵守;信守;坚持
16. silver screen 电影业
17. in fact 实际上
二. 重点句型
1. On crowded buses and trains, it felt just like a disaster. 在拥挤的公交车和火车上,那感觉就 像一场灾难。
2. I have already learnt that I am what I am.我已经知道我就是我。
3. I haven't told Maddie yet how she has changed me. 我还没告诉麦迪她是如何改变我的。
4.Instead of looking away, Maddie studied my face. 麦迪没有挪开视线,反而仔细地看着我的脸。
5. Clouds came through the window and filled my heart.乌云穿过窗户,涌进了我的心里。
6. It turned sunny in my heart.我的内心又变得阳光明媚起来。
7. Nothing is impossible as long as you try and stick to it.只要你尝试并坚持下去,没有什么是不可能的。
8. However, doubts and fears often hold us back.然而,疑虑和恐惧常常会阴止我们前进。
9. He had to start from zero.他不得不从零开始。
10. In 2015, he clocked 9.99 seconds and made history.2015年,他以9.99秒的成绩创造了历史。
三. 语法要点现在完成时(1)Present perfect tense(Ⅰ)
1. 基本概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2. 基本结构:
1). 肯定式:主语+ have/has +PP(V-ed, 即动词的过去分词)。例如:
I have already finished my homework.
You have been to Guiyang.
He has been to Guiyang.
They have been to Guiyang.
2).否定形式:主语+ have/has +not +PP(V-ed,即动词的过去分词)。例如:
I haven`t finished my homework yet ?
He hasn`t been to Guiyang.
3)一般疑问句:将have/has 提前到句首即可。例如:
Have you finished your homework ?
Yes, I have./No, I haven`t.
Has he been to Guiyang?
Yes, He has./No, he hasn`t.
Have they given concerts all over the world?
Yes, they have./No, they haven`t.
3. 标志词:
already, just, yet, ever, never, so far (till now/up to now), recently, in the past 3 years, before,since,for等。
2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册
Unit 2 Getting along
一. 重点短语
1. here and there到处;各处;零散地
2.hope to do希望做某事
3. so...that.如此......以至于......
4. fly about四处飞翔
5. argue over就......争论
6. reach an agreement达成协议
7. dividing line 分界线;界限
8. take place发生
9. in return 作为报酬;作为......回报
10. keep...in mind把......放在心里;把......记在心上
11. change one`s mind改变某人的注意
12. either...or要么......要么;或者......或者......
13. make friends交朋友
14. find out找出;查明
15. get along with sb与......和睦相处
二. 重点句型
1. Here and there, over the grass, stand beautiful flowers, like stars.草地上到处都是漂亮的花朵,像星星一样散落其中。
2. "I cannot understand why spring has not come since last year," says the Giant. “I hope the weather changes soon.“我不明白为什么去年以来,春天就不来了。”巨人说,“希望天气能尽快变好。”
3. But spring never comes, nor summer.但是春天没有来,夏天也没有。
4. I haven't heard that beautiful birdsong for a while.我已经有一段时何没听到如此美妙的鸟鸣了。
5. And the tees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers.树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。
6. The birds fly about and sing with joy.乌儿们四处飞翔,欢快地歌唱。
7. Two local families, the Zhangs and the Wus, argued over the dividing line between their houses. They couldn't reach an agreement.当地的两户人家,张家和吴家,因为两家的分界线起了争执。他们无法达成一致意见。
8. In return, they decided to do the same thing.作为回报,他们决定做同样的事情。
9.The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind.桐城人民的心中仍牢记着这首诗。
三. 语法要点
现在完成时(2)Present perfect tense(Ⅱ)
1. 现在完成时用于过去某时间发生的行为或存在的状态一直持续到现在。 例如:
I have had the dog for three months now.这桌狗我现在已经养了三个月了。
We have played football for a year now.我们现在已经踢了一年的足球了。
I have been like this since Friday.从周五开始我就一直这样。
I have not done much exercise since I got my computer last year 自从去年有了电脑,我就没怎么锻炼了。
从以上例句可以看出,在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时,通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,这类状语通常由for或since引导。
注意:
1). for后接一段时间,如for a long time, for 6 years.
2). since后接时间点,如since August 2023, since yesterday, since two o'lock等。
3). 在对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时,我们常用how long。例如:
How long have you played fotbl 你踢足球踢了多长时间了?
How long have you bee lik this?你这个样子有多久了?
How long have you had the dog?这条狗你养了多久了?
4). 在表示某一行为或状态持续多长时间时,根据终止时间的不同,需要使用不同的时态。例如:
①. I stayed in the hotel for a week last summer, 去年夏天我在这家酒店住了一周。
②. I have stayed in the hotel for a week now.,迄今我已在这家酒店住了一周了。
③. I will stay in the hotel for a week next month. 下个月我要在这家酒店住一周时间、
同样表示“在某一酒店住一周”这个概念,第一句讲述的是去年夏天的事情,故用一般过去时,第二句表示到现在为止已经住了一周故用现在完成时,第三句是下个月的事情,故用一般将来时。
2.瞬间动词和延续性动词转换
若现在完成时的句式中出现表示时间段的状语,则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换方式如下:
begin/start--be on
leave--be away
die--be dead
borrow --keep
buy--have
go there--be there
get home--be home
open--be open
close--be closed
get to know--know
come here--be here
join--be in / be a member of
3. 现在完成时和一般过去时的异同点:
共同点:动作都在过去。
不同点:和现在有无关系。(与现在有关的过去动作用现在完成,与现在无关的过去动作用一般过去。)
4. 现在完成时的固定结构
①. have gone to + 地点,表示“去了某地”。(人已走,尚未回。只用于第三人称。)
They have gone to Guiyang. (They are not here.)
②. I have been to+地点,表示”去过某地”。( 人已回来)
I have been to Guiyang. (I am not in Guiyang now.)
③. have been in+地点+时间段,表示“在/来某地多久”。
I have been in Guiyang for 2 weeks. ( I am now still in Guiyang .)
④. since + 时间点,
I have studied English since 2020.
⑤. for + 时间段
I have studied English for 5 years.
5. 与现在完成时连用的时间状语
①. already (用于肯定句). 例如:I've already had lunch.我已经吃过午饭了。
②. yet (否定或疑问). 例如:
I haven't received a letter from her yet.我还没有收到她的来信
③. just 刚刚 I've just heard the news.我刚听到这个消息。
④. before 以前 I've been here before.我以前来过这儿。
⑤. never 从不 He has never been to America.他从未去过美国。
⑥. ever 曾经 Have you ever been to Guiyang? 你曾经去过贵阳吗?
⑦. recently不久前;最近
I received a letter from him recently.我不久以前收到了他的一封信。
⑧. so far 到目前为止 He has only memorized less than 300 words so far.
⑨. 表示次数的词,如:once, twice, three times 例如:
I've only been there once.我只去过那里一次。
He has ever been to America three times.他去过美国三次
2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册
Unit 3 Make it happen!
一. 重点短语
1. out of由......制成;用......做成
2. blow sb away 使某人大为惊讶
3. spare time空闲时间
4. a helping hand援手,帮助
5. be drawn to... 被......所吸引
6.be curious about...对......感到好奇
7. so...that...如此......以至于......
8. all day整天
9. try to do sth尽力做某事
10. be able to能;会11. make money挣钱
12. allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事
13. come up with 想出;提出
14. make sb brave使某人勇敢
15. protect...from...保护......免受.....侵害
16. around the word全世界
17. one after another 一个接一个;陆续
二. 重点句型
1. He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line.他是用塑料积木和钓鱼线制作的。
2. What's worse, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time.更糟糕的是,像她这样的孩子长得快,经常需要新的假肢。
3."It blew me away! I built my arm for only $300," thought Easton.“这让我大吃一惊!我只花了300美元就造出了假肢。" Easton心想。
4. What a helping hand! 多大的帮助啊!
5. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature.他对电很着迷,对它的性质有着深深的好奇心。
6. He didn`t want to make money from it.他不想从中赚钱。(不定式to make作宾语)
7. He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.他喜欢一个接一个地解决问题。(动名词fixing 作宾语)
He was so curious about space that he invented a "flying chair"!他对太空非常好奇,甚至发明了一个“飞椅”。
8. Despite the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas.尽管失败了,但他的好奇心为后来的探索者提供了灵感。
三.语法要点
动词不定式和动名词作宾语(to-infinitive and -ing as object )
1. 当我们要表达“想做某事、需要做莱事或者决定做某事”等动作时,就会出现两个动词连用的情况,这时就需要用到want to do sth, need to do sth和decide to do sth等表达方式。行为动词后的动调都采用了“to+动词原形”的结构。英语中把这种结构称为动词不定式。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能作谓语。动词不定式的基本结构:
肯定式:to + do (动词原形)、否定式:not to +do(动词原形)。
2.动词不定式在句子中除了不能作谓语以外,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。本单元学习动词不定式在句中充当宾语成分。例如:
I wanted to see the Being opera, so Li Ling offered to take me there.我想看京剧,所以李玲就提出带我去看。
We only planned to watch for an hour.我们原先只打算看一个小时。
I hope to understand more next time.我希望下次能懂得多一些。
以上句子里的动词want, plan, hope后都连接了to do的不定式结构,这类动词属于及物动词,动词不定式置于谓语动词之后作宾语,表明想要、提出计划或希望要做(或发生)的事。
3.在英语中,并不是所有的动词都可以用不定式作宾语。有些动词只能用动名词作宾语。例如:
She enjoys learning about different cultures and traditions from around the word.她喜欢了解世界各地不同的文化和传统。
4.那么什么是动名词呢?简单地说,动词的-ing形式(变化规则跟动词的现在分词变化相同)在句子中起名词作用时,就称为动名词。动名词在句子中除了不能作谓语以外,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语以及宾语补足语等。本单元学习动名词在句中充当宾语成分。例如:
He practises playing the guitar for two hours every day.他每天练习两个小时吉他。
I enjoy learning English.我喜欢学英语)。
He finished reading the book yesterday.他昨天看完了这本书。
5.一般来说,用不定式作宾语时,所表示的多为将来的行为(即还没做);动名词所表示的多为过去的行为(即已经做过)。但是,在具体使用中还要注意记忆,因为动词不同,对其后动词形式的要求也不同。
常见的后面接不定式作宾语的动词有:plan, decide, want, hope,offer, learn等。
常见的后面接动名词作宾语的动词有:enjoy, practise, finish, avoid, keep, mind等。
注意:有一些动词,既可以用不定式又可以用动名词作宾语,但表达的意义可能不同。例如:
I remember seeing her. 我记得见过她。
You must remember to lock the door before leaving the house. 出门之前一定要记得锁门。
2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册
Unit 4 Digital life
一. 重点短语
1. digital life 数字生活
2. cost sb sth花费某人......
3. cost sb an arm and a leg花费某人很多钱
4. shared bike共享单车
5. stone cold冷得像石头一样,冰冷的
6. except for...除......之外
7. instead of而不是;代替;作为……的替换
8. write about...关于......话题进行写作
9. light up照亮;变得明亮
10. in the old days 很久以前;当年
11. be back in...回到某地
12. love to sth喜欢做某事
13. feel like想要……;感觉就像......14. QR code二维码
15. so...that...如此......以至于......
16.give up on...对......不抱希望
17. look forward to doing sth盼望做某事
二. 重点句型
1. But it took forever to find a bike.但我花了好久才找到一辆自行车。
2. But that 15-minute ride cost me an arm and a leg--more than five pounds.但这15分钟的行程花了我一大笔钱——五镑多。
3. As I always make digital payments in China, I never carry my wallet.由于我在中国总是用数字支付的方式,所以我从不带钱包。
4. When I got home, I was so tired that I gave up on cooking.到家时,我非常疲俺,因此放弃了做坂的想法。
5. I asked the shopkeeper to show the QR code, but she didn't understand!我让店主出示二维码,但她不明白!
6. Except for today, I`ve had a great holiday.除了今天之外,我的假期都很愉快。
7. The technology there lets me live a more convenient life!那里的技术让我过上了更便利的生活。
8. They stood still on the pages, instead of moving across a screen.它们并没有在屏幕上移动,而是在纸上一动不动。
10.Why would anyone write about school?为什么会有人写关于学校的事情?
三. 语法要点
动词不定式作宾语补足语(Infinitive object complement)
宾语补足语(The Object Complement缩写为OC.)是补充说明宾语的成分。在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语意义仍然不够完整,还需要有一个其他的句子成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态或者说补充说明宾语是什么、怎么样或做什么等,这就是宾语补足语,简称宾补。宾语补足语通常由名词、动词、形容词或动词不定式等充当。本单元学习动词不定式等充当宾语补足语。例如:
(1) She asked her roommate to turn down the music.她请室友把音乐调小一些。
(2) The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) chose the panda to be its symbol.世界自然墓金会选择了大熊猫(形象)作为其标志。
以上句子,基本结构均为:动词+宾语+动词不定式
宾语后面的动词不定式都作宾语补足语,对宾语作补充说明。例如句子(1)中her roommate作ask的宾语,to turn down the music作宾语her roommate的宾语补足语。可以用于“动词+宾语+动词不定式”这一结构的动词有很多,常见的有:want, ell, ask, invite, help, allow, choose等。
注意:
动词后面不定式作宾语补足语时,若要表达否定的意思,要在to do前加not, 构成not to do的形式。例如:
Mr Han told us not to make too much noise.韩先生告诉我们不要弄出太大声音。
Jackie told me not to touch anything. Jackie告诉我不要碰任何东西。
有些动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时,要将to省略,常见的这类动词有:make,let, have, hear, fee, see等。例如:
I`ll have Tony show you around the school.我会让Tony带你参观校园。
His words made everyone laugh.他的话让大家哄堂大笑。
动词help后面可以跟不带to的不定式,也可以跟带to的不定式。例如:
He helped me( to)study English last weekend. 上周末他帮助我学习英语。
2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册
Unit 5 Play by the rules?
一. 重点短语
1. in order to do sth为了做某事2. so as to do sth为了做某事;以便做某事
3. ask sb to dosth请求/要求某人做某事
4. come on别逗了;算了吧;得了吧
5. look after照顾,照料
6. follow a rule 服从规定;遵守规则
7. take a breath吸一口气
8. face to face面对面地
9. loved ones最亲近的家人/好友
10. get in touch with sb与某人取得联
11. avoid doing sth避免儆某事
12. behave badly行为不当;不礼貌
13. jump up跳起来 14. in surprise惊讶地;惊奇地
二. 重点句型
1. I went to a quiet area in order to read.为了读书,我去了一节安静的车厢。
2. I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food.我捂住鼻子,以减少来自“难闻食物先生”的气味。
3. I asked him to stop. However, his mother replied, "Come on, he's just a kid."我要求他停下来,但他的母亲回答说:“算了吧,他只是个孩子。”
4. And rules are there for us to follow!规则的存在是为了我们去遵守!
6. After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home. 忙碌了一天后,我上了火车回家。
7. Think 20 years back when chatting face to face with loved ones far away was a dream.想想20年前,与遥远的亲人面对面交谈还是一个梦想。
8. We can get in touch with anyone with just one click.我们只要点击一下,就能与世界上的任何人取得联系。
9. Avoid posting personal information online.避免在网上发布个人信息。
10. Remember that behaving badly online has costs.记住,网上的不良行为是有代价的。
三. 语法要点
动词不定式作目的状语(Infinitive of purpose)
除了作宾语补足语之外,动词不定式还可以在句中作目的状语,表示行为动作的目的。例如:
(1)The WWF is working hard to save all the animals.世界自然基金会正在努力挽救所有的动物。
(2)She practises every day to improve her singing skills.她每天都在练习,以提高自己的歌唱技巧。
(3)After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home. 忙碌了一天后,我上了火车回家。
以上例句中,动词不定式都作目的状语,表示“做某事是为了什么”。例如句子(2) 中,to improve her singing skills就是目的状语,表示practises every day的目的。又如句子(3)中to go home也是目的状语,表示got on the train(上火车)的目的。
在作目的状语时,不定式既可以放在句首,也可以放在句尾。例如:
Dylan trained hard to improve his basketball skills. Dylan刻苦训练以提高自己的篮球技术。
也可以说: To improve his basketball skills, Dylan trained hard.
除了直接使用to do sth之外,我们还可以使用in order to do sth和so as to do sth来表示行为动作的目的。例如:
He's saving money in order to buy a new computer.为了买一台新电脑,他正在攒钱。
Linda started work early so as to finish it by five. Linda很早就开始工作,以便在五点前完成。
除了作目的状语之外,根据表达的需要,动词不定式还可以作原因状语和结果状语等。例如:
They cried to see the destroyed houses in the flood.看到洪水中被毁的房子,他们哭了。(动词不定式作原因状语)
The kid is old enough to go to school. 孩子够大,可以上学了。(动词不定式作结果状语)
2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册
Unit 6 When disaster strikes
一. 重点短语
1.wake sb up叫醒某人
2. from side to side从一边到另一边;左右摇晃
3. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
4. leave sb /sth behind 把某人(物)留在某处
5. be thick with...充满......
6. try to do sth 尝试/尽力做某事
7. find oneself重新找回自我;实现自我
8. face sth正视/面对/接受某事
8. thoughts of ... ......想法;......念头
9. above all最重要的是
10. come out从困境中解脱出来;出现
11.give sb hope给某人希望
12.just then正在那时
13. as time goes by随着时光流
14. the cause of······的原因
15. such as 例如
16. used to do sth 过去常常做某事
二. 重点句型
1. My mother and I were staying in a town near Pompeii.我和我的母亲在庞贝城附近的一个小镇上住着。
2. My mother asked me to continue without her, but I refused to leave her behind.我妈妈让我别管她;继续走, 但我拒绝把她丢下。
3. That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard.那天晚上,我正在睡觉,突然地面剧烈摇晃。
4. People were trying to find their families in the dark.人们试图在黑暗中找到他们的家人。
5. We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood.当云层像洪水一样席卷大地时,我们继续前行。
6. As the writer Nora Ephron once said: "Above all, be the heroine of your life, not the victim."正如作家Nora Ephron曾经说过:“最重要的是,做你生活中的女英雄,而不是受害者。”
7. But we should always face it with courage.但我们应该时刻勇敢面对。
8. She completed the hard 10-year journey of finding herself again.她完成了漫长的十年寻找自我的旅程。
三.语法要点
过去进行时(past continuous tense)
1.基本概念:表示过去某个时间里正在发生的动作或者行为。
2.谓语动词的基本结构:was / were + V.-ing (现在分词)
3. 时间状语:then, at that time, at ten, at this time yesterday / last night
4. 基本句式:
1). 肯定句:主语 + was / were + V.-ing (现在分词) + …
We were having a party at this time yesterday.
I was writing while my mother was cooking the dinner.
We were playing games when the teacher came in.我们正在玩游戏,老师(突然)进来了。
2). 否定句:主语+was / were +not+ V.-ing (现在分词)+…
3). 一般疑问句: Was / Were +主语+ V.-ing (现在分词)+…?
Were you playing games at noon yesterday?昨天中午你在玩游戏吗?
No, I was taking a nap.不,我在午睡。
4). 特殊疑问句:Wh- / How(特殊疑问词)+ was / were +主语+V.-ing (现在分词)+…?
-What were you doing at 7 last night?昨晚7点你在干什么?
-I was watching CCTV news.我正在看《新闻联播》。
5. 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别:
1). 过去进行时强调过去某一时刻或时段正在进行或持续的动作。常和at... yesterday morning, at that time, at.... last night等时间状语连用。例如:
Laura was reading a novel at eight o'clock last night.昨晚8点 Laura 在看小说。
2). 一般过去时表示过去的时间里所发生的动作, 所表示的动作往往已经完成。例如:
Laura read a novel last night. 昨晚Laura看了一本小说。
3). 过去进行时还可以和when,while, as引导的表示过去的时间状语从句连用,形成复合句。例如:
①. One day, when Henry was working in a restaurant, a snake suddenly appeared.一天, 当Henry正在餐馆里工作时,一条蛇突然钻了出来。
②. While people were waiting for the traffic lights, a car suddenly appeared round the corner.就在人们等待红绿灯的时候,一辆汽车突然从拐角处驶出。
③. As the doctors were checking him, the pain got worse.医生给他做检查时,疼痛加剧了。
4). when和while引导的从句与过去进行时连用的几种情况。
①. when所引导的时闻状语既可以指时间点,也可以指时间段; while所引导的时间状语只指时间段。因此,在when引导的时间状语从句中,动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词;而在while引导的时间状语从句中,动词必须是延续性动词。例如:
They arrived while we were having dinner.我们吃饭的时候他们到了。
这句话还可以写成:They arrived when we were having dinner.
②. 由when引导的时间状语从句,如果主句用过去进行时、从句用一般过去时,则表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作(突然)发生了,强调后一动作发生的突然性。例如:
We were talking when the teacher came in.我们正在讲话,老师 (突然)进来了。
该句也可以用while表达,但与用when表达稍有区别:
While we were talking, the teacher came in.我们正在讲话的时候,老师进来了。(只表明老师进来的事实,不强调突然性)
③当主句和从句的动作都是延续的或同时发生的,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导。例如: They were singing while we were dancing. 他们在唱歌,我们在跳舞。