词法2

这是一篇关于词法2的思维导图，形容词部分，阐述了其作定语的常规前置及特殊后置情况，如修饰不定代词后置，还说明了表语形容词及与enough搭配时的位置规则。动词部分，实义动词区分及物与不及物，且在就近、就远原则及主谓一致上有详细讲解，助力英语词法学习。

词法2

• 形容词
  • 形容词做定语
    • 一般放在名词前，多个形容词修饰名词时：那第一，美小圆旧黄，中国木书房。
      • those three beautiful large square old brown chinese wood table/charming small round
    • 形容词后置
      • 1.修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等不定代词，放在后面
        • something important
      • 2.表语形容词，alive , asleep , alone ,alseep
        • he is the happiest man alive
      • 3.长宽高深年龄，
        • he is 20 years old
      • enough
        • 做形容词时：enough+名词
          • enough time
        • 做副词时：形容词+enough
          • slowly enough / difficult enough
• 动词
  • 实义动词
    • 意义完整 ，有实在意义，可做独立谓语
      • 及物动词
        • +宾语，learn English
      • 不及物动词
        • 本身意义完整，后面无需接宾语，my watch stopped
  • 主谓一致
    • 就近原则
      • or ,not only..but also,neither..nor, either..or,whether..or,not..but
        • 谓语动词要与最近的保持一致
      • there be句型中，be由它后面第一个名词决定
        • there are not any letters./there is a apple
    • 就远原则
      • 名词+with，together with, along with,including/except/as well as,rather than,but,等做主语时
        • tom as well as two of his friends is invited to the party
    • 固定搭配
      • a/the+名词单数+and+名词单数，表示一个人
        • the worker and wreter is from wuhan.既是工人又是作家。
      • a/the+名词单数+and+a/the+名词单数，表示两个人
        • the worker and the writer are from wuhan.一个作家，一个工人
      • 主语前有each,every,no one等不定代词修饰时，谓语一般用单数
        • each doctor and (each) nurse was giwen a new shirt
      • one of +名词复数+定语从句 用复数
      • 分数词做主语，of后为复数名词则用复数，不可数则用单数
        • one third of trees have been cut dowm
      • 当动名词，不定代词，主语从句，单数
        • reading is a great pleasure in life/anybody who breaks the rule will be punished
      • 表示时间，距离，价格，度量。或短语当表示一个整体时做主语时，单数
        • his family is very large
      • the +adj表示一类人，用复数;表示一个人，用单数。
        • the old are ；one of the boy is
  • 系动词
    • 不能独立做谓语，主系表结构。变化类，感官类，状态类
  • 助动词
    • 本身无意义，不能独立谓语
      • be do have shall will would
  • 情态动词
    • can /may/ must /need/ dare/ will/ shall/ ought to
    • may might，表示猜测，可能，也许
      • he may be at the library
    • can could,表示推测，表示客观可能性，用于否定句疑问句
      • he can not be here / can this news be ture?
    • must,表示推测，一定是
      • 用在肯定句种表示肯定推测。they must be very tired,
  • 动词短语
    • 动词+sb+of+sth
      • accuse,cheat,inform(通知），remind, rob, warn, presuade(说服），suspect(怀疑），rid, convince
    • 动词+sb+for+sth
      • blame, criticize(批评）,forgive,excuse.pardon（原谅）,punish,scold（责备0,thank.praise,respect,admire，thank
    • 动词+sb+from+doing sth
      • prevent/stop/keep/ban./prohibit/阻止，禁止