英国历史时间轴

英国历史始于日耳曼人与凯尔特人，亦是后来的英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰，其源头可追溯到罗马统治时期。下图梳理了英国从古至今的历史事件，值得收藏学习哦！

The history of English

• In the 5th and 6th centuries
  • Large parts of Britain are settled by Angles and Saxons
• In the 9th and 10th centuries
  • Vikings settle in parts of England,many Scandinavian words are absorbed into English
    • Northern and eastern England,Scotland and Ireland
• In the 17th century
  • In 1066s
    • Norman French becomes the language of court and of administration, while Angloo-Saxon lives on as the language of the common people
• From the 11th to 13th centuries
  • English is born
    • Both of the pronunciation and in grammar changes rapidly
    • It takes on board many new words of French and Latin origin
• In the 16th century
  • Not a standardized language.
    • Only spoken by about 6 million people
  • It is the language of court, of literature and of administration.
  • It becomes the language of the Church and Bible after Reformation
• In the 17th century
  • In 1607
    • England's colony at Jamestown,Virginia
      • First step towards English becoming the dominant language of North Ameica
• In the 18th century
  • Captain James Cook makes three voyages to the southern hemisphere
    • Australia is chosen as the ideal dumping ground for Britain's criminals
    • In the late 1700s, colonies that around the penal are established, communities of settlers spring up
    • New Zealand
  • From 1756 to 1763 the French are beaten, it clear that English is to become the dominant language
  • From 1775 to 1783 (The American War of Independence), English is victorious
• In the 19th century
  • New Zealand is colonized until the mid-1800s
  • India English is the language of government and administration under British's ruling
  • An English-speaking Indian middle-class develops
  • English became the dominant language through sheer force of numbers in North America, Australia and New Zealand
• In the earliy 20 century
  • The Americans become the largest English-speaking nation
  • American culture and lifestyle drive English to every corner of the globe by the mass media
  • The British Empire is running out of steam, but the USA post-war is becoming the dominant power
• In the 21st century
  • The largest group of English-speakers are those who speak it as a foreign or second language
  • The globalization and the international bussiness trade drive English to a lingua franca
• English becomes an important tool in administering states in Africa
  • In Africa many states often had a huge variety of languages and tribes
• English spreads its influence across the British Isles
  • Many Gaelic-speaking landowners are pushed out by English
  • Scottish settlers and English becomes the language of the ruling class
  • In Scotland English becomes the language of administration and government