高中英语定语从句重难点

这是一篇关于定语从句的思维导图，包括限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两部分内容，还介绍了相关的考点，需要的可以收藏。

定语从句重难点

• 限制性定语从句中，关系只用that不用which的情况
  • 1.先行词为不定代词all，anything，something，everything，nothing，none， the one等或被不定代词修饰时。
    • 例句：I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault.
  • 2.先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
    • 例句:The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
  • 3.先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰时
    • 例句：The only part if the meal that I really liked was the dessert.
  • 4.先行词既表示人又表示物的名词时
    • 例句：They will never forget the people and things that they've seen or head of during their long journey.
  • 5.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时
    • 例句：who is the boy that won the gold medal?
  • 6.句中有两个定语从句时，其中一个已经用关系代词which，另一个宜用that。
    • 例句：They secratly built up a small factory,which produced things that could cause pollution.
  • 7.先行词是主句的表语，或关系代词在句中做表语时
    • 例句：That's a good book that will help you a lot.
  • 8.主句是there be 句型，且关系词在从句中作主语时，如果先行词指物，用that不用which；若先行词指人，常用who引导
    • 例句：There is a seat in the corner that is still available.
• 当先行词指物时，关系词只用which不用that的情况
  • 1.引导非限制性定语从句时
    • 例句：Ted came for the weekend wearing only some short and a T-shirt,which is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
  • 2.当从句中的介词提前，构成“介词+关系代词“结构时。
    • 例句：We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before
  • 3.先行词本身是that时，只用which
    • 例句：What's that which flashed in the sky just now?
• 定语从句与同位语从句的区别
  • 修饰对象不同：同位语从句修饰的名词通常是具体内容或一定内涵的抽象名词如：idea, fact, news, hope, word, belief, suggestion, truth等；定语从句的先行词可以是名词，代词，主句的一部分或是整个句子。
    • A：He told me the news that our team won.(同位语从句，修饰news)
    • B:The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.(定语从句，修饰doctor)
  • 从句表达的含义不同：定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句；而同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的进一步解释和说明，属于名词性从句。
    • A：The news that he told me is true(定语从句)
    • B：The news that he has just died is true(同位语从句)
  • that引导的同位语从句和宾语从句的区别：that引导定语从句时，在从句中作主语或宾语，指物时通常还可以与which互换，that在从句中作宾语时可以省略;而that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，并且不能省略，也不能用which来代替
    • A：The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful(同位语从句)
    • B：The idea that/which he gave me sound great(定语从句)