①不定式，动名词以及从句视为单数，谓语动词用单数
Reading often means learning.
②不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither,many a等作主语或是修饰主语时应视为单数，谓语动词用复数
Many a student takes a walk On campus after dinner.
③表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应视为单数,谓语动词用单数
One Thousand and One Night tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore.
④a portion, a series of ,a kind of, the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时视为单数，谓语动词用单数
A series of high technology products has been laid out in the exhibition.
⑤由some ，several， boss，few，many，a number of等词修饰主语，或是由他们自身作主语时应视为复数，谓语动词用复数。另外，由and连接两个主语时，谓语一般用复数。
On the seashore, some people are playing volleyball and some are lying in the sun.
⑥有些短语，如a lot of, most of, any of, half of, three fifths of, eight percent of, some of, none of, the rest of, all of等后接不可数名词，或单数形式的名词作主语时应视为单数，谓语动词用单数；但如果后接可数名词的复数形式作主语时应视为复数，谓语动词用复数。
A lot of monery in the shop was stolen yesterday when the electricity was suddenly cut of.
⑦当主语后面接由as well as, as much as, accompanied by, including, in addition to, more/less/rather than, together with等引导词组时，谓语动词的形式根据主语单复数而定。
Petroleum, along, along with fuel gas, has recently risen in price.
