过去完成时

过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense)：表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。

过去完成时

构成

肯定：had +done

否定：had+ not+ done

疑问：Had +主语+done？

标志词

by the end of + 过去时间

by the time + 从句

用法

表示过去过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作

过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去“

例句

Laura said she had been a teacher before she married.

By the end of last month we had learned 2 Units..

She had left by the time I arrived.

主要用于从句中

状语从句

When he got to the airport, the flight had taken off.

She didn’t go to bed until she had finished the work.

宾语从句

He told me he had finished all the work.

She said (that)she had never been to Paris

比较

一般过去时

I lost my new book.

强调动作发生在过去某一时间

I went to the park last week.

过去完成时

He said that he had met her before.

强调过去某一时间以前发生的动作(即过去的过去)

She told us that she had visited the park before,.

这种时态从来不孤立使用句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语