（新高考）高中英语语法——形容词，副词的用法

详细介绍了高中英语中形容词，副词的用法，搭配经典例句，详细展示了其用法，铁汁们，赶紧学起来吧！！！

形容词，副词的用法

• 形容词
  • 一.形容词的定义: 形容词表示人或事物的性质, 特征或状态
    • 修饰名词
    • 不定代词
  • 二.形容词在句中的作用:
    • 作定语
    • 作表语
    • 作补语
    • 作主语或宾语
      • the+adj表示某一类人或事物
    • 作状语
  • 三.关于形容词的作用要注意的问题:
    • 1.有些形容词只能作表语和补语, 不能象普通形容词那样作前置定语, 这样的形容词称为表语形容词。
      • 如: alive, alone, asleep, alike, afraid, awake, ashamed, able, sure, ill, worth等词
    • 2.表语形容词作定语时需后置。
  • 四.形容词在句中的位置:
    • 1.单个形容词作定语时, 一般放在被修饰的名词之前; 两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时, 同种类形容词的排列顺序一般应考虑以下两种情况:
      • ①.和被修饰的名词关系比较密切的形容词位置更靠近名词。eg：It is a touching English film.
      • ②.音节少的形容词在前, 音节多的形容词在后。eg： I have a small but beautiful room.
    • 2.不同种类的词同时出现在名词前作定语时, 按以下顺序进行排列:限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。
    • 3.单个形容词作定语时, 在下列情况之下, 形容词应放在被修饰的词之后。
      • 形容词修饰不定代词something, nothing, anything等时应后置
• 副词
  • 一.副词的种类（一般情况）:
    • ①.时间副词,如:often,always,early,now
    • ②.地点副词,如:here,there,above,outside
    • ③.方式副词,如:hard,well,badly,fast,slowly
    • ④.程度副词,如:very,quite,much,still,almost
  • 二.副词在句中的作用: 副词修饰动词, 形容词, 名词, 副词或全句, 在句中的作用如下
    • 1.作状语:
      • a.You should always review your lessons.
      • b.The visitors are warmly welcomed by the students.
      • c.Certainly we should try out best to improve our work.
    • 2.作表语:
      • a.He is a broad.
      • b.The class is over.
      • c.The football match is on.
    • 3.作定语:副词作定语时置于被修饰词之后
      • a. This is her first day up.
      • b. The comrades here give us a lot of help.
    • 4.作补语(包括宾语补足语和主语补足语):
      • a. I found all the lights on when I got home last night.
• 倍数表达法
  • A is 倍数(three times/twice) + bigger than B
  • A is 倍数(three times/twice) + as big as B
  • A is 倍数(three times/twice) + the size of B
• 形容词和副词的比较等级
  • 一.原级:
    • 1.原级的形式:即原形
    • 2.原级的用法
      • ①.表示被比较双方在某一方面相等或相同时, 用as + adj / adv + as结构, 表示“…和…一样”
        • a.Xiao Li is as tall as his sister.
        • b.It is as cold today as it was yesterday.
        • c.There are as many seats in this hall as in that hall.
      • ②.表示被比较双方在某一方面不相等或不同时, 用not as + adj / adv + as, 表示“…和…不一样”
        • a. Xiao Li is not as tall as his brother.
        • b. It is not so cold today as yesterday.
        • c. There are not so many seats in this hall as in that hall.
  • 二.比较级和最高级:
    • 1. 比较级的用法: 两方进行比较时, 多用than
      • a. It is colder today than it was yesterday.
      • b. His handwriting is more beautiful than yours.
      • c. He did his homework more carefully than you did yours.
    • 2.最高级的用法: 三方或三方以上进行比较时, 用最高级, 最高级前多用the, 基本形式为: the + adj / adv的最高级 + (名词) + 表示范围的短语或从句
    • 3.比较等级的特殊用法:
      • ①.有些词的比较级和最高级有两种不同形式, 意义上也有所不同, 如: older / oldest(比较老/最老的), elder / eldest (年龄比较大的/最大的); farther / farthest用于本义, 表示“比较远的/最远的”, 而further / furthest常用于引申意义, 表示“更进一步的,更深一层的/最深层的”
      • ②.表示“比…多(大)几倍”时, 用“倍数+ as…as” 结构或“倍数+比较级+than…”表示
        • a. This book costs twice as much as that one.
        • b. The university is three times as big as it was in 1980. =The university is three times bigger than it was in 1980.
      • ③.比较级+ and +比较级表示“越来越…”的意思
        • a. Summer is coming. It is getting hotter and hotter.
      • ④. “the +比较级+主语+谓语+其他, the +比较级+主语+谓语+其他” 表示 “越… , 就越…”的意思
        • a. The harder you study, the more knowledge you will get.
        • b. The more you work for other people, the happier you will feel.
      • ⑤.more…than…有时表示“与其说…, 倒不如说…”
        • a.. He is more diligent than wise.与其说他聪明,不如说他勤奋
        • b. He is more a friend than a teacher.与其说他是一位老师,不如说更像一位朋友
      • ⑥“no+比较级+than…”和“not +比较级+than…”所表示的意思不相同, 前者表示“和…一样不…”(即两者都不…), 后者表示“不比…更… ”(仅否定前者, 即表示前者不如后者) no more than 只是，仅仅 not more than至多，不超过
        • a. His English is no better than mine. (两人的英语都不好)
        • b. His English is not better than mine. 他的英语不如我的英语好(仅否定 “他的英语”)
      • ⑦.否定词+比较级，表示最高级, 如:
        • a. It can’t be safer.再安全不过了.
        • b. She can’t be more beautiful. 她简直美极了
      • ⑧. “the +序数词+最高级” 表示“第几”之意
        • a. China is the third largest country in the world.
        • b. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.