Nathaniel Hawthorne（1804-1864）

这是一篇关于Nathaniel Hawthorne（1804-1864）的思维导图，主要内容有Life、Major Works、The Scarlet Letter、Hawthorne's point of view、Evaluation。

Nathaniel Hawthorne （1804-1864）

• Life
  • 1804.7.4.
    • was born in Salem(塞伦),Massachusetts.
    • his father was lost at sea when he was only four, his mother became overly protective and pushed him toward more isolated pursuits.
    • Hawthome's childhood left him overly shy and bookish and molded his lite as a writer.
    • He turned to writing after his graduation from Bowdoin College.
  • By 1842
    • he had a sufficient income from writing for him to marry Sophia Peabody and moved to The Manse in Concord.
  • 1845
    • returned to Salem in,where he was appointed surveyor.
    • but was dismissed from this post when Zachary Taylor became president.
    • then devoted himself to his most famous novel, The Scarlet Letter.
  • 1851
    • He left Salem for a temporary residence in Lenox where he completed the romance The House of the Seven Gables.
  • 1864
    • Hawthorne passed away on May 19,1864 in Plymouth.
• Major Works
  • Short stories
    • Twice-Told Tales 《故事重述》 1837
    • Mosses from an old Manse 《古 宅青苔》 1846
    • “Young Goodman Brown”
    • “The Minister's Black Veil”
    • Grandfather's Chair(1840)
    • The Snow-Image, and Other Twice-Told Tales (1852)
    • A Wonder-Book for Girls and Boys(1852)
    • Tanglewood Tales (1853)
    • The Dolliver Romance and Other Pieces (1876)
    • The Great Stone Face and Other Tales of the WhiteMountains(1889)
  • Novels
    • The Scarlet Letter 《红字》 1850
    • The House of the Seven Gables 带有七个尖角阁的房子》1851
    • Blithedale Romance 《福谷传奇》 1852
    • The Marble Faun 《玉石雕像》1860
    • Fanshewe (published anonymously,1828)
    • The Dolliver Romance (1863)
    • Septimlus Felton（Published in the Atlantic Monthly, 1872）
    • Doctor Grimshawe's Secret(1882)
• The Scarlet Letter
  • Place: Puritan Boston
  • Time:the mid-17th century
  • Theme
    • Sin, Knowledge, and the Human Conditior
    • The Nature of Evil
    • Identity and Society
  • Crafts in The Scarlet Letter
    • 1.mbigulty
    • 2.Symbolism
    • 3.Super-natural
    • 4.Romance
  • Symbolism
    • The letter“A” : “A" varies its meaning as the development of the story, adultery- --ability---angel.
  • Characters
    • Hester Prynne
      • her marriage is haste. her love with Dimmesdale is haste.
      • exposed sin.
    • Arthur Dimmesdale
      • The initials AD are the beginning of Adultery. "Dim" means lack of light"dale"means valley.
      • concealed sin
    • Roger Chillingworth
      • Rogue (hoodlum. scoundrel, bully)
      • true sin/evil
    • Pearl
      • the treasure to her mother.
      • the human symbol of the sin.
• Hawthorne's point of view
  • Evil is at the core of human life.
  • Everyone seems to cover up his innermost evil.
  • Whenever there is sin, there is punishment. Sin or evil can be passed from generation to generation.
  • Evil educates.
  • It is a mixture of good and evil. Good and evil are the duality of human nature.
  • He has disgust in science.One source of evil is overweening (too proud of oneself)intellect.
• Evaluation
  • Hawthorne has long been recognized as a classic interpreter of the spiritual history of NewEngland.
  • he was a leader in the development of the short story as a distinctive American genre.
  • Herman Melville, among others,hailed Hawthorne as the"American Shakespeare.
  • is the first great American novelist
• 姓名班级