名词性从句

名词性从句知识思维导图，包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、连接词等内容。

名词性从句

• 主语从句
  • 在句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句。连接主语从句的连接词主要有三类：从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。
  • that引导的主语从句
    • That the moon travels around the earth once every month is known to everyone
  • whether引导的主语从句
    • Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance. Whether we will build another lecture building has not been decided.
  • wh-类连接词引导的主语从句
    • What is taught(and how) in this first encounter will largely determine an individual's view of the subject in adult lifeHow they will solve the serious problem has not been decided. Why he did that was n't quite clear。 Who listens to wisdom will live in safety
  • that引导的主语从句置于句首
    • That the moon travels around the earth once every month is known to everyone. That she was chosen to participate in the festivities makes us very happy.
  • 形式主语it替代主语从句
    • It+系动词+形容词+that从句
      • It is likely that he can't come to the party tonight
      • It is necessary/important/surprising/strange/unthinkable/unbelievable/incredible十that从句,从句常用“should+动词原形”形式， 其中should可省略。
        • It is important that a college student(should) learn English well. It is necessary that you(should) remember these words.你有必要记住这些词
    • It+系动词+名词十that从句
      • It is a pity that you didn't attend Mary's wedding party.
    • It+be+动词的-ed形式+that从句
      • It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.
      • It+be十suggested/advised/ordered/requested/required/insisted/required/de-manded+that从句”, that从句应用“should+动词原形”， should也可省略。
        • It was ordered that we(should) arrive there in half an hour.
    • It+特殊动词+that从句
      • It seems to me that you don't like the idea
• 宾语从句
  • 在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词后的宾语从句。 that， if/whether， wh-类词。
  • 动词后的宾语从句
    • I've long understood that I will be judged by my occupation
    • 动词十副词如figure out， workout， find out， point out
      • Scientists point out that the globe is getting warmer and warmer
    • 动词短语也可带宾语从句
      • Make sure that all the lights are off before you goto be
    • 动词find， feel， think， consider， make， believe， guess， suppose， assume等后有宾语补足语时，it作形式宾语， 而将that宾语从句后置。
      • I think it necessary that we take regular exercise everyday.
    • 动词hate， like， take， owe， have， take for granted等表示“痛恨， 喜欢， 认为”的词或短语和see to“注意， 留意”后有宾语补足语时， 用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
      • I hate it when they talk with their mouthfull of food
  • 介词后的宾语从句
    • 介词后一般常用wh-类词引导宾语从句。
      • She is always thinking of how she can do more for her children
    • that引导的从句作介词宾语时， 需要用形式宾语it替代
      • You may depend on it that we will overcome the difficulty.
  • 形容词后的宾语从句
    • 常可接宾语从句的形容词有sure， certain， glad， pleased， happy， afraid， sur-prised， satisfied， sorry等表示“情感”等的形容词。
      • We're all pleased that we have won the game once again. I'm sure that they'll make it inspite of the terrible weather I'm extremely sorry that I have lost your English book.
• 表语从句
  • that类表语从句
    • The reason for his absence is that his daughter suddenly fell ill.
    • 主语是表示“计划、建议、要求、命令”的词， 如suggestion， advice， order， demand 等时， 表语从句的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”， should可以省略。
      • My advice is that you(should) think it over before you make a decision.
    • It seems/appears that...句式， 有人认为that引导的是主语从句， 有人认为是表语从句。
      • It seems that Mary is not coming to the party at all。 It appears that she was unhappy.。 It seems to me that we should answer for this.
  • whether类表语从句
    • The real space race is whether we will colonise off Earth on to other worlds before money for the space programme runs out.
  • wh-词类表语从句
    • wh-词包括连接代词who， whom， whose， what， which， whoever， whatever，whichever等和连接副词where， when， how， why， wherever， whenever等。此类词大多数表示疑问，偶尔表示陈述。
    • The problem is who we can get to goto the airport to pick her up That's what we are here for. This was where we hold the dance party last time. The question is how we can persuade him to go with me
  • as/as if/as though类表语从句
    • seem， appear， look， taste， sound， feel等。
    • It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door He looked just a she had looked ten years before.
  • because类表语从句
    • That's because quickly growing energy demand requires immense investment in new supply， not to mention the drain of rising energy prices.
• 同位语从句
  • belief/doubt/怀疑/explanation解释/hope希望/idea主意/news消息/opinion观点/possibility可能性/statement论断/thought想法/wish愿望/truth事实/fact事实/question问题/promise诺言/problem问题/reply答复/order命令/report报道/suggestion建议/fear害怕/warning警告/probolity可能性、advice建议/understanding理解 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句，它所修饰的词称为先行词。同位语从句在主句中的作用相当于先行词的作用。
  • that引导的同位语从句
    • It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppres-sant and appears to up your metabolic rate.
  • wh-类词引导的同位语从句
    • The question who should replace her requires consideration. We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our honeymoon
  • 在suggestion， advice， request， order， demand， requirement等意为“建议， 要求，命令”的名词后， 同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构， 句中的should可以省略。
    • I followed his advice that I(should) finish my homework before suppertime
• 连接词
  • 从属连接词
    • that
      • That prices for fruit will go up is certain.
      • He ordered that we should start at once
    • if
      • Please ask Tom if he will come to Jim's birthdayparty tomorrow.
    • whether`
      • Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.
      • The question is whether we can arrive there on time.
      • It depends on whether it will be fine.
      • He was wondering whether to go home or stay at school.
  • 连接代词·
    • what， whatever，who， whoever， whom， whose， which， whichever
    • What we should do with the problem is undecided. I'm wondering whatever you have done made her so angry. The question is who we should trust.
  • 连接副词
    • when， where，how， why， whenever， wherever
    • When we shall meet again is unknown. Could you please show me how you read the new panel? This is where we first met.