生物线粒体Mitochondria英语笔记思维导图

生物Mitochondria英语笔记完整版分享！内容覆盖Structure、the citrci acid cycle、chloroplast等内容，感兴趣 的小伙伴可以下载收藏。

生物线粒体Mitochondria英语笔记思维导图

• Structure
  • Matrix
    • Citric Acid Cycle
  • Inner Membrane
    • Electron Transport Chain
  • Outer Membrane
    • Permeable to all small molecules
  • Intermembrane Space
    • Phosphorylation
  • Fractionation
    • Low Osmolarity
• The Citric Acid Cycle
  • Generate NADH from Acetyl CoA
• Electron Transport Chain
  • Protons Pumped out of the Matrix (across the inner membrane)
    • Electric Potential
    • Proton Gradient
  • Details
    • NADH Dehydrogenase Complex
    • Ubiquinone
    • Cytochrome b-c1 Complex
    • Cytochrome c
    • Cytochrome Oxidase Complex
    • 2 e pass by & 3 protons pumped out & 1 H2O generated
• Chloroplast
  • Structures
    • Outer Membrane
      • more permeable
    • Inter Membrane Space
    • Inner Membrane
      • less permeable
    • the Stroma
    • the Thylakoid
      • the thylakoid membrane
      • the thylakoid space
  • Photosynthesis
    • Photosystem
      • Antenna Complex
        • Lots of chlorophyll molecules to capture light energy
          • Excited ELectrons
          • Light Energy
        • Special Pairs
      • Reaction Centre
        • light energy converted into chemical energy
    • Process
      • Photosystem II
        • Generate H+ and O2 from water into the thylakoid
      • Plastoquinone
      • Cytochrome b6-f Complex
      • Plastocyanin
      • Photosystem I
      • Ferredoxin
      • Ferredoxin NADP Reductase (FNR)
        • generate NADPH from NADP+
      • ATP Synthase
        • release ATP into Stroma
    • Adjustment of ATP Production
      • Cyclic Photophosphorylation
      • Ferredoxin sends the electrons back to plastquinone.
      • Only product ATP
      • when NADPH level is high
• Endosymbiont Hypothesis
• Electron Carriers
  • Quinones
  • NAD+ and NADH
  • FMN/FAD
  • Cytochromes
• ATP Production
  • ATP Synthase
    • 3 pairs of alpha/beta subunits
      • Head
    • Gamma Subunit
      • Tail
  • Binding Change Model
    • Open
      • No products and no substrates
    • Loose
      • ADP and Pi
    • Tensed
      • ATP
    • Cycle
  • Release ATP into Matrix
• Coupled Transport
  • Symport
    • Proton and pyruvate
    • Proton and phosphate
    • Driven by proton gradient
  • Antiport
    • ADP and ATP
      • Driven by charge gradient
• pump H+ into the thylakoid space
• transport e-