☞ apologize
☞ forget
☞ remember
☞ excuse sb. for
☞ thank sb. for
I don't remember having received his letter.
=I don't remember receiving his letter.
Thank you for having helped me so much.
=Thank you for helping me so much.
完成式
注意:表示动作在谓语动词
表示的动作之前发生,都用
ing形式的完成式
主动having done
He is praised for having devoted
his whole life to the country.
①You are welcome to the party to be given in our class at 7 p.m..
②√ Those who have handed in their compesitions may go home.
（定从表达）
x Those having handed in their competitions may go home.
（Ing形式的完成式不作定语）
否定式
not+v-ing
v-ing形式短语
物主代词/名词所有格+v-ing
Li Ming's being late made his teacher very angry.
语态:
v-ing主动形式表达被动意义的情况
①主语+want/ need/ require + doing
=主语want/ need/ require + to be done
The radio wants repairing.
=The radio wants to be repaired.
② 主语+be worth/deserve doing
=主语+be worthy/deserving +to be done
=主语+be worthy/deserving +of being done
The book is well worth reading again.
=The book is worthy to be read again.
=The book is worthy of being read again.
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.
=Crying over the spilt milk is no use.
必背:
表示“……是没有用的/没好处的”
☞It is no use
☞It is useless →+v-ing
☞It is no good
作表语
基本用法
表比较抽象的习惯性动作
What he likes best is making jokes.
起adj.作用
表“令人……”（主语多数情况下是物）
The news sounds encouraging.
作表语的v-ing形式和进行时钟的现在分词的区别
作宾语
作动词的宾语
加v-ing的动词:
补充:
mind的用法
Mind doing sth.常用在否定句和疑问句中
注意区分这两种句式表达意思的不同:
☞Would you mind opening the window?
（请你打开窗户好吗？）
☞Would you mind me /my opening the window?
（你不介意我打开窗户吧？）
作介词的宾语
加v-ing的介词短语:
说明:
Be busy with +n.
be busy (in) +doing sth.
比较:
Keep doing sth.和keep on doing sth. 区别:
↑ ↑
“一直或连续不断地做某事” “不断或反复做某事”
强调动作的连续不断 有时动作之间有间隔
They kept discussing the plan. Don't keep on laughing.
